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Assessing the Bonding Interface Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Joints

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第1期34卷 125-134页

作者： Quan Wen Wenya Li Vivek Patel Luciano bergmann Benjamin Klusemann Jorge F.dos Santos State Key Laboratory of Solidifi cation Processing Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding TechnologiesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute of Materials Research Materials MechanicsSolid-State Joining ProcessesHelmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Straße 121502 GeesthachtGermany Institute of Product and Process Innovation Leuphana University of LüneburgUniversitätsallee 121335 LüneburgGermany

This study focuses on the bonding interface characteristics and mechanical properties of the bobbin tool friction stir welded dissimilar AA6056 and AA2219 aluminum alloy joints using diff erent welding *** arise solely in the stir zone at the AA2219 side.A distinct boundary with limited material mixing develops at the middle section of the bonding interface,while excellent material mixing with an irregularly jagged pattern forms at the top and bottom sections of the bonding *** the welding speed,the material mixing is rarely changed at the middle section in comparison with the bottom ***,a small diff erence between Guinier–Preston dissolution and Q phase precipitation leads to rare change of hardness in the heat aff ected zone(HAZ)at the AA6056 *** increased hardness of the HAZ at the AA2219 side is attributed to avoidance of the dissolution ofθ’’phase precipitates.A maximum tensile strength of 181 MPa is obtained at 300 mm *** occur at the AA6056 side near the top and bottom surfaces and at the bonding interface in the middle section of the *** regions close to the top and bottom surfaces of the joints show a better ductility.

关键词： Bobbin tool friction stir welding Dissimilar aluminum alloy Bonding interface Precipitation Mechanical property

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A Dairy Industry Information Cooperative Service System Based on a Production Process Ontology

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第5期11卷 839-848页

作者： XU Yong NIU Fang-qu Luke bergmann WANG Zhi-qiang WANG Jian Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P.R.China Department of Geography University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 United States of America Institute of Agricultural Information Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China

Agricultural information cooperative services （AICS） are now becoming an important aspect of agriculture informatization. This study offers an ontological conception of the agricultural production process, establishing operational divisions corresponding to both the stages and the fundamental information requirements of the dairy industry production process in China, yielding a process ontology for the dairy industry as well as a business chain model. A framework for a dairy industry information cooperative service system was established, with service functions realized in a prototype system. The resulting agricultural process ontology built on the basis of biological characteristics has advantages as a classification standard for agricultural information; whereas the business chain model based on this agricultural process ontology allows for an effective distribution of agricultural information cooperative services. This study outlines a concept and demonstrates a prototype of a cooperative service capable of integrating diverse online agricultural information relevant to the dairy industry in China.

关键词： agricultural information ontology dairy industry cooperative service agricultural informatization

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Evaluation of large language models for the classification of medical device software

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 819-822页

作者： Yu Han Aaron Ceross Florence Bourgeois Paulo Savaget Jeroen H.M.bergmann Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOld Road CampusOxford OX37QDUK Harvard-MIT Center for Regulatory Science Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Computational Health Informatics Program(CHIP) Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA Department of Technology and Innovation The University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLMs)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determine how well these models can support medical device software *** device classification functions to systematically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby providing a structured framework for ensuring safety and efficacy as mandated by regulatory authorities.

关键词： everyday demanding thereby

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Gene therapeutic approaches to inhibit hepatitis B virus replication

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第2期7卷 150-164页

作者： Maren Gebbing Thorsten bergmann Eric Schulz Anja Ehrhardt Institute of Virology and Microbiology Center for Biomedical Education and Research(ZBAF)Department of Human MedicineFaculty of HealthUniversity Witten/Herdecke58453 WittenGermany

Acute and chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infections remain to present a major global health problem. The infection can be associated with acute symptomatic or asymptomatic hepatitis which can cause chronic inflammation of the liver and over years this can lead to cirrhosis and the development of hepatocellularcarcinomas. Currently available therapeutics for chronically infected individuals aim at reducing viral replication and to slow down or stop the progression of the disease. Therefore, novel treatment options are needed to efficiently combat and eradicate this disease. Here we provide a state of the art overview of gene therapeutic approaches to inhibit HBV replication. We discuss non-viral and viral approaches which were explored to deliver therapeutic nucleic acids aiming at reducing HBV replication. Types of delivered therapeutic nucleic acids which were studied since many years include antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and antisense RNA, ribozymes and DNAzymes, RNA interference, and external guide sequences. More recently designer nucleases gained increased attention and were exploited to destroy the HBV genome. In addition we mention other strategies to reduce HBV replication based on delivery of DNA encoding dominant negative mutants and DNA vaccination. In combination with available cell culture and animal models for HBV infection, in vitro and in vivo studies can be performed to test efficacy of gene therapeutic approaches. Recent progress but also challenges will be specified and future perspectives will be discussed. This is an exciting time to explore such approaches because recent successes of gene therapeutic strategies in the clinic to treat genetic diseases raise hope to find alternative treatment options for patients chronically infected with HBV.

关键词： Gene therapy Hepatitis B virus Antisense nucleic acid RNA interference Designer nuclease Ribozyme DNAzyme Dominant negative mutant External guide sequence DNA vaccination

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The efficacy and effectiveness of machine learning for weaning in mechanically ventilated patients at the intensive care unit: a systematic review

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2019年第1期2卷 31-40页

作者： Man Ting Kwong Glen Wright Colopy Anika M.Weber Ari Ercole Jeroen H.M.bergmann Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks Road. Oxford OXI 3PJ. UK snap40 Inc.125 Princess Street Edinburgh EH2 4AD UK CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology.Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ. UK Division of Anaesthesia Addenbrooke's Hospital University of Cambridge Hills Road Cambridge CB2 0QQ. UK

Weani ng from mechanical ventilation in the in tensive care unit (ICU) is a complex clinical problem and relevant for future organ engineering. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) leads to a range of medical complications that increases length of stay and costs as well as contributes to morbidity and even mortality and long-term quality of life. The need to reduce MV is both clinical and economical. Artificial intelligence or machine learning (ML) methods are promising opportunities to positively influence patient outcomes. ML methods have been proposed to enhance clinical decisions processes by using the large amount of digital information generated in the ICU setting. There is a particular interest in empirical methods (such as ML) to improve management of "difficult-to-wean" patients, due to the associated costs and adverse events associated with this population. A systematic literature search was performed using the OVID, IEEEXplore, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. All publications that included (1) the application of ML to weaning from MV in the ICU and (2) a clinical outcome measurement were reviewed. A checklist to assess the study quality of medical ML publications was modified to suit the critical assessment of ML in MV weaning literature. The systematic search identified nine studies that used ML for weaning management from MV in critical care. The weaning management application areas included (1) prediction of successful spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs),(2) prediction of successful extubation,(3) prediction of arterial blood gases, and (4) ventilator setting and oxygenation-adjustment advisory systems. Seven of the nine studies scored seven out of eight on the quality index. The remaining two of the nine studies scored one out of eight on the quality index. This scoring may, in part, be explained by the publications' focus on technical novelty, and therefore focusing on issues most important to a technical audience, instead of issues most impor

关键词： Artificial intelligence Patient-centred medicine Clinical trial Critical care Data science

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Spatial cluster mapping and environmental modeling in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3688-3702页

作者： Mielle Michaux Justin M Chan Luke bergmann Luis F Chaves Brian Klinkenberg Kevan Jacobson Department of Pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionFaculty of MedicineBritish Columbia Children’s HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6H 3V4British ColumbiaCanada British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute British Columbia Children’s HospitalVancouver V5Z 4H4British ColumbiaCanada Department of Geography University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z2British ColumbiaCanada Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405United States Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3British ColumbiaCanada

BACKGROUND Geographical(geospatial)clusters have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)incidence and linked to environmental determinants of disease,but pediatric spatial patterns in North America are *** hypothesized that we would identify geospatial clusters in the pediatric IBD(PIBD)population of British Columbia(BC),Canada and associate incidence with ethnicity and environmental *** To identify PIBD clusters and model how spatial patterns are associated with population ethnicity and environmental *** One thousand one hundred eighty-three patients were included from a BC Children’s Hospital clinical registry who met the criteria of diagnosis with IBD≤age 16.9 from 2001–2016 with a valid postal code on file.A spatial cluster detection routine was used to identify areas with similar *** ecological analysis employed Poisson rate models of IBD,Crohn’s disease(CD),and ulcerative colitis(UC)cases as functions of areal population ethnicity,rurality,average family size and income,average population exposure to green space,air pollution,and vitamin-D weighted ultraviolet light from the Canadian Environmental Health Research Consortium,and pesticide *** Hot spots(high incidence)were identified in Metro Vancouver(IBD,CD,UC),southern Okanagan regions(IBD,CD),and Vancouver Island(CD).Cold spots(low incidence)were identified in Southeastern BC(IBD,CD,UC),Northern BC(IBD,CD),and on BC’s coast(UC).No high incidence hot spots were detected in the densest urban *** results were represented as incidence rate ratios(IRR)with 95%*** risk factors for PIBD included fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution(IRR=1.294,CI=1.113-1.507,P<0.001)and agricultural application of petroleum oil to orchards and grapes(IRR=1.135,CI=1.007-1.270,P=0.033).South Asian population(IRR=1.020,CI=1.011-1.028,P<0.001)was a risk factor and Indigenous population(IRR=0.956,CI=0.941-0.971,P<0.001),family size(IRR=0.467,CI=0.268-0.81

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis Pesticides Air pollution South Asian people

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Statistical analysis and concentration of iron ore using Longi LGS 500 WHIMS

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第5期26卷 769-775页

作者： Makhula M.J. Falcon R.M.S. bergmann C.P. Bada S.O. Department of Mineral Processing Division Mintek Johannesburg 2125 South Africa School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

A Longi LGS 500 wet high intensity magnetic separator(WHIMS) was used to concentrate a fine, low grade South African hematite ore. The ore was prepared into different size fractions and was subjected to changes in pulp density, magnetic field intensity and pulsation frequency which followed a 33 full factorial matrix. The concentrate mass yield and Fe grade were selected as the dependent responses to the changes. The analysis of variance(ANOVA) shows that the variables investigated are significant to the material's response to magnetic separation. This significance was in the order of magnetic field intensity followed by pulsation frequency and then pulp density. It was also noted that a single stage magnetic separation has a potential to upgrade a feed( 75 lm and 40% Fe) to a 55% Fe grade, as the pulsation frequency increases. In addition, the model predictions and actual data were in good agreement, reporting regression coefficients within acceptable ranges.

关键词： Magnetic separation Longi LGS 500 Hematite ANOVA

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Heat Transfer in Steelmaking Ladle

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2008年第3期15卷 11-14,60页

作者： André Zimmer lvaro Niedersberg Correia Lima Rafael Mello Trommer Saulo Roca Bragana Carlos Pérez bergmann Materials Ceramics Lab Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre 90035-190 Brazil

The heat transfer in a steelmaking ladle was studied. The evaluation of heat transfer of the steel was performed by measuring steel temperature in points including all refining steel process. In the ladle, the temperatures in the refractories and the shell were also measured. To evaluate the thermal profile between the hot and cold faces of the ladle in the slag line position, an experiment which shows the importance of thermal contact resistance was carried out. Higher heat losses in the tapping and the vacuum were verified. The temperature measurements of the ladle indicate distinct thermal profiles in each stage of steel refining. Moreover, as each stage of the process depends on the previous one, the complexity of the ladle thermal control is incremental. So a complete model of heat losses in the ladle is complex.

关键词： heat transfer steelmaking ladle refractory mild steel

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Recurrent abscess after primary successful endo-sponge treatment of anastomotic leakage following rectal surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第36期16卷 4570-4574页

作者： Stefan Riss Anton Stift Caroline Kienbacher Bernhard Dauser Ingrid Haunold Stefan Kriwanek Wolfgang Radlsboek Michael bergmann Division of General Surgery Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaA-1090 ViennaAustria Department of Surgery Floridsdorf HospitalA-1210 ViennaAustria Department of Surgery Barmherzige Brüder WienA-1020 ViennaAustria Department of Surgery Barmherzige Schwestern WienA-1060 ViennaAustria Department of Surgery Rudolfstiftung HospitalA-1030 ViennaAustria Department of Surgery G-ttlicher Heiland WienA-1170 ViennaAustria

AIM:To assess long-term efficacy of initially successful endo-sponge assisted ***:Between 2006 and 2009,consecutive patients who had undergone primary successful endo-sponge treatment of anastomotic leakage following rectal cancer surgery were enrolled in the *** were recruited from 6 surgical departments in *** and oncologic outcomes were assessed through routine endoscopic and radiologic follow-up ***:Twenty patients(7 female,13 male)were *** indications for endosponge treatment were anastomotic leakage(n=17)and insufficiency of a rectal stump after Hartmann's procedure(n=3).All patients were primarily operated for rectal *** overall mortality rate was 25%.The median followup duration was 17 mo(range 1.5-29.8 mo).Five patients(25%)developed a recurrent *** time between last day of endosponge therapy and occurrence of recurrent abscess was 255 d(range 21-733 d).One of these patients was treated by computed tomography-guided drainage and in 3 patients Hartmann's procedure had to be *** patients(10%)developed a local tumor recurrence and subsequently ***:Despite successful primary outcome,patients who receive endo-sponge therapy should be closely monitored in the first 2 years,since recurrence might occur.

关键词： Rectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Endo-sponge Endo-vacuum treatment

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Effects of living and metabolically inactive mesenchymal stromal cells and their derivatives on monocytes and macrophages

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第9期13卷 1160-1176页

作者： Alexia Nedel Sant'Ana Anelise bergmann Araújo Fabiany da Costa Gonçalves Ana Helena Paz Laboratório de Células Tecidos e Genes Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil Centro de Processamento Celular Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-903RSBrazil

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent and self-renewing stem cellsthat have great potential as cell therapy for autoimmune and inflammatorydisorders, as well as for other clinical conditions, due to their immunoregulatoryand regenerative properties. MSCs modulate the inflammatory milieu by releasingsoluble factors and acting through cell-to-cell mechanisms. MSCs switch theclassical inflammatory status of monocytes and macrophages towards a nonclassicaland anti-inflammatory phenotype. This is characterized by an increasedsecretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, a decreased release of pro-inflammatorycytokines, and changes in the expression of cell membrane molecules and inmetabolic pathways. The MSC modulation of monocyte and macrophage phenotypesseems to be critical for therapy effectiveness in several disease models, sincewhen these cells are depleted, no immunoregulatory effects are observed. Here,we review the effects of living MSCs (metabolically active cells) and metabolicallyinactive MSCs (dead cells that lost metabolic activity by induced inactivation) andtheir derivatives (extracellular vesicles, soluble factors, extracts, and microparticles)on the profile of macrophages and monocytes and the implications forimmunoregulatory and reparative processes. This review includes mechanisms ofaction exhibited in these different therapeutic appro-aches, which induce the antiinflammatoryproperties of monocytes and macrophages. Finally, we overviewseveral possibilities of therapeutic applications of these cells and their derivatives,with results regarding monocytes and macrophages in animal model studies andsome clinical trials.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Macrophage Monocyte Immunomodulation Cell therapy Immunoregulation

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