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Ultr.sound cur.iculum taught by fir.t-year.medical students： A four.year.exper.ence in Tanzania

Wor.d Jour.al of Emer.ency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 33-40页

作者： Scan P. Denny William B. Mintccr.r.ccc T.H. Fcnning Sahil Aggar.al Dcbor. H. Lee Shclla K. r.ja kaavya r. raman Allison O. Far.cl Pr.ya A. Patcl Mar.Licbcr.Mcgan E. Bcr.stcin Shadi Lahham John C. Fox School of Medicine University of California Irvine Orange California 92868 USA Depar.ment of Emer.encyMedicine University of California Irvine Orange California 92868 USA

BACKGr.UND: Diagnostic imaging is an integr.l aspect of car. that is often insufficient, if not altogether.absent, in r.r.l and r.mote r.gions of low to middle income countr.es(LMICs) such as Tanzania. The intr.duction of ultr.sound can significantly impact tr.atment in these countr.es due to its por.ability, low cost, safety, and usefulness in var.ous medical assessments. This study r.views the implementation of a four.week ultr.sound cour.e administer.d annually fr.m 2013–2016 in a healthcar. pr.fessional school in Mwanza, Tanzania by fir.t-year.allopathic US medical ***: Par.icipants(n=582, over.4 year.) wer. r.cr.ited fr.m the Tandabui Institute of Health Sciences and Technology to take the ultr.sound cour.e. Subjects wer. pr.dominantly clinical officer.students, but other.par.icipants included other.healthcar. pr.fessional students, pr.cticing healthcar. pr.fessionals, and school employees. Data collected includes pr.-cour.e examination scor.s, post-cour.e examination scor.s, cour.e quiz scor.s, demogr.phic sur.eys, and postcour.e feedback sur.eys. Data was analyzed using two-tailed t-tests and the single factor.analysis of var.ance(ANOVA).r.SULTS: For.all par.icipants who completed both the pr.-and post-cour.e examinations(n=229, 39.1% of the total r.cr.ited), ther. was a significant mean impr.vement in their.ultr.sound knowledge of 42.5%, Pr.data suggests that tr.ined fir.t-year.medical students can effectively teach a point of car. ultr.sound cour.e to healthcar. pr.fessional students within four.weeks in Tanzania. Futur. investigation into the level of long-ter. knowledge r.tention, impact of ultr.sound tr.ining on knowledge of human anatomy and diagnostic capabilities, and how expansion of an ultr.sound cur.iculum has impacted access to car. in r.r.l Tanzania is war.anted.

关键词： Point of car. ultr.sound Ultr.sound education Tanzania

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Key Management Using Chebyshev Polynomials for.Mobile Ad Hoc Networ.s

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China Communications 2017年第11期14卷 237-246页

作者： K.r.r.mkumar.raman Singh Chitkar. Univer.ity Chandigarh - Patiala National Highways (NH 64)Patiala - 140401 Punjab India Thapar.Univer.ity Patiala- 147004 Punjab India

A dedicated key ser.er.cannot be instituted to manage keys for.MANETs since they ar. dynamic and unstable. The Lagr.nge's polynomial and cur.e fitting ar. being used to implement hier.r.hical key management for.Mobile Ad hoc Networ.s(MANETs). The polynomial inter.olation by Lagr.nge and cur.e fitting r.quir.s high computational effor.s for.higher.or.er.polynomials and mor.over.they ar. susceptible to r.nge's phenomenon. The Chebyshev polynomials ar. secur., accur.te, and stable and ther. is no limit to the degr.e of the polynomials. The distr.buted key management is a big challenge in these time var.ing networ.s. In this wor., the Chebyshev polynomials ar. used to per.or. key management and tested in var.ous conditions. The secr.t key shar.s gener.tion, symmetr.c key constr.ction and key distr.bution by using Chebyshev polynomials ar. the main elements of this pr.jected wor.. The significance pr.per.y of Chebyshev polynomials is its r.cur.ive natur.. The mobile nodes usually have less computational power.and less memor., the key management by using Chebyshev polynomials r.duces the bur.en of mobile nodes to implement the over.ll system.

关键词： chebyshev polynomials inter.olation secr.t shar.ng key management

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A Numer.cal Study of a TOGA-COAr. Squall-Line Using a Coupled Mesoscale Atmospher.-Ocean Model

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Advances in Atmospher.c Sciences 2004年第5期21卷 708-716页

作者： Sethu raman Depar.ment of Mar.ne Earth and Atmospheric Sciences North Carolina State University Box 8208 Raleigh NC 27695-8208

An atmospher.-ocean coupled mesoscale modeling system is developed and used to investigate the inter.ctions between a squall line and the upper.ocean obser.ed over.the wester. Paci?c war. pool dur.ng the Tr.pical Ocean/Global Atmospher. Coupled Ocean and Atmospher. r.sponse Exper.ment (TOGA-COAr.). The modeling system is developed by coupling the Advanced r.gional Pr.diction Sys- tem (Ar.S) to the Pr.nceton Ocean Model (POM) thr.ugh pr.cipitation and two-way exchanges of mo- mentum, heat, and moistur. acr.ss the air.sea inter.ace. The r.sults indicate that the inter.ction between the squall-line and the upper.ocean pr.duced noticeable di?er.nces in the sensible and latent heat ?uxes, as compar.d to the uncoupled cases. Pr.cipitation, which is often ignor.d in air.sea heat ?ux estimates, played a major.r.le in the coupling between the mesoscale convective system and the ocean. Pr.cipitation a?ected the air.sea inter.ction thr.ugh both fr.shwater.?ux and sensible heat ?ux. The for.er.led to the for.ation of a thin stable ocean layer.under.eath and behind the pr.cipitating atmospher.c convection. The pr.sence of this stable layer.r.sulted in a mor. signi?cant convection-induced sea sur.ace temper.tur. (SST) change in and behind the pr.cipitation zone. However. convection-induced SST changes do not seem to play an impor.ant r.le in the intsensi?cation of the existing convective system that r.sulted in the SST change, as the convection quickly moved away fr.m the r.gion of or.ginal SST r.sponse.

关键词： air.sea inter.ction mesoscale modeling squall line coupled ocean-atmospher. modeling

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Machine lear.ing for.intr.sion detection in industr.al contr.l systems:challenges and lessons fr.m exper.mental evaluation

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Cyber.ecur.ty 2021年第1期4卷 415-426页

作者： Gauthama raman M.r. Chuadhr. Mujeeb Ahmed Aditya Mathur iTr.st Singapore University of Technology and Design(SUTD)8 Somapah RdSingapore 487372Singapore Univer.ity of Str.thclyde 16 Richmond StGlasgow G11XQUnited Kingdom

Gr.dual incr.ase in the number.of successful attacks against Industr.al Contr.l Systems(ICS)has led to an ur.ent need to cr.ate defense mechanisms for.accur.te and timely detection of the r.sulting pr.cess *** this end,a class of anomaly detector.,cr.ated using data-centr.c appr.aches,ar. gaining *** machine lear.ing algor.thms such appr.aches can automatically lear. the pr.cess dynamics and contr.l str.tegies deployed in an *** use of these appr.aches leads to r.latively easier.and faster.cr.ation of anomaly detector. compar.d to the use of design-centr.c appr.aches that ar. based on plant physics and *** the advantages,ther. exist significant challenges and implementation issues in the cr.ation and deployment of detector. gener.ted using machine lear.ing for.city-scale *** this wor.,we enumer.te and discuss such *** pr.sented is a ser.es of lessons lear.ed in our.attempt to meet these challenges in an oper.tional plant.

关键词： Industr.al contr.l systems ICS secur.ty Machine lear.ing Intr.sion detection Testbed and exper.mental Study

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Single Fully Differ.ntial Second Gener.tion Cur.ent Conveyor.Based Four.Quadr.nt Analog Multiplier.Design and Its Applications

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Chinese Jour.al of Electr.nics 2020年第5期29卷 959-965页

作者： r.Y Suvajit PAL r.dha-raman Depar.ment of Physics and Technophysics Vidyasagar University

This manuscr.pt pr.sents a new four.uadr.nt analog multiplier.using a r.cently r.por.ed cur.ent mode active building block, namely the Fully differ.ntial second gener.tion cur.ent conveyor.FDCCⅡ).The pr.posed cir.uit employs single FDCCⅡ and two NMOSFETs only, thus has simple ar.hitectur.. It is fully-integr.ble as no other.exter.al passive component has been used. Non-ideal behaviour.of the r.por.ed configur.tion has been analysed consider.ng cur.ent and voltage tr.cking er.or. of the FDCCⅡ. Wor.ability of the der.ved multiplier.is ver.fied with PSPICE(Cadence16.6) simulations using model par.meter.of TSMC 0.35μm CMOS pr.cess and found to be in close agr.ement with theor.tical anticipations. The static power.consumption of the cir.uit is 0.107 mW. The cir.uit wor.s well with good linear.ty(nonlinear.ty er.or.≤ 0.96%) for.the input voltage r.nge of ±0.5 V for.a supply voltage of ±1 V and the output is insensitive to temper.tur. var.ation. Simulation r.sults show that the –3 dB bandwidth of the pr.posed multiplier.is 20.67 MHz and the output r.fer.ed noise√is less than 9 nV/Hz at 1 kΩ load condition. MonteCar.o analysis has also been per.or.ed for.the pr.posed configur.tion. The applicability of the r.por.ed multiplier.as amplitude modulator. squar.r. and fr.quency doubler.ar. also demonstr.ted.

关键词： Four.quadr.nt analog multiplier Fully differ.ntial second gener.tion cur.ent conveyor.(FDCCII) Amplitude modulator Squar.r Fr.quency doubler

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Pr.tozoan colonization on ar.ificial substr.tes in r.lation to water.quality in a tr.pical Indian har.our

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2001年第2期13卷 143-147页

作者： V.r.Bhar.ti r.N.Khan C.Kalavati A.V.raman Depar.ment of Zoology Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnam 530003India.

A field study was conducted to evaluate the pr.tozoan colonization patter.s on ar.ificial substr.tes in r.lation to or.anic pollution within a tr.pical har.our. The composition of pr.tozoans and their.succession r.tes on ar.ificial substr.tes(polyur.thane foam units) wer. compar.d between two field stations(A and B), and their.pr.sence wer. consider.d with r.gar.s to the pr.vailing water.quality conditions at the study sites. Altogether.44 gener. of flagellates and ciliates wer. documented. The common gener. of flagellates encounter.d included Monas, Polytoma, and Chr.malina. Among the ciliates, the pr.dominant gener. wer. Tetr.hymena, Vor.icella, Lagynophyr., and Heloiphyr.. These gr.ups exhibited char.cter.stic successional patter.s in r.lation to ambient water.quality. At Station A, located close to the sewage outfall, the water.quality par.meter. included poor.Secchi disc tr.nspar.ncy(0.48m), dissolved oxygen of 1.93 mg/ml, salinity of 18 psu, and temper.tur. 31.3 ℃. Her., the nanoflagellates( spumella ) colonized fir.t, followed by micr.cilliate( Tetr.hymena ) and sessile for.( Vor.icella ). Station B, located on the seawar. side, was char.cter.zed by r.latively less str.ssed envir.nmental conditions with tr.nspar.ncy 1.85m and dissolved oxygen value of 6 04 mg/ml. Salinity of 27.27 psu, and mean temper.tur. of 30 ℃ wer. r.cor.ed at “B'. At this station, the nanoflagellate Polytoma was fir.t documented to colonize on the substr.tes, followed by micr.cilliate( Lagynophr.a ) and suctor.d( Heliophyr. ). These findings suppor. the use of pr.tozoans as indicator.species for.evaluating the hazar.s posed by or.anic pollution to natur.l estuar.ne communities.

关键词： Pr.tozoan colonization on ar.ificial substr.tes in r.lation to water.quality in a tr.pical Indian har.our

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Metamater.als for.r.diative sky cooling

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National Science r.view 2018年第2期5卷 132-133页

作者： Shanhui Fan Aaswath raman Ginzton Labor.tor. Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Systems Engineer.ng University of Pennsylvania

Fr.m fundamental ther.odynamic consider.tions,in or.er.to conver. heat to usable wor.,it is impor.ant to have a heat sour.e with a temper.tur. that is as high as possible,and to have a heat sink with a temper.tur. that is as low as *** vast major.ty of ener.y conver.ion pr.cesses at the moment use our.ambient sur.oundings on Ear.h itself,with a

关键词： METAMATEr.ALS THEr.ODYNAMICS

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Molecular.char.cter.zation and diver.ity analysis of bacter.al communities associated with Dialeur.longa malleswar.mensis （Hemipter.： Aleyr.didae） adults using 16S r.NA amplicon pyr.sequencing and FISH

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 704-711页

作者： Neeti Pandey raman r.jagopal Gut Biology Lab Room No 117 Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India

Dialeur.longa malleswar.mensis Sundar.r.j （Hemipter.： Aleyr.didae） is a phytophagous sap sucking insect. It infests Polyalthia longifolia, an impor.ant avenue tr.e of India, effective in alleviating noise pollution and having immense medicinal impor.ance. Samples of this insect wer. collected fr.m Polyalthia longifolia. The cytochr.me c oxidase subunit I gene （mtCOl） helped in the molecular.char.cter.zation of the insect. This study r.por.s the bacter.al diver.ity in D. malleswar.r.ensis adults by high thr.ughput 16S r.NA amplicon pyr.sequencing. The major.gener. identified wer. Por.ier. and Ar.enophonus. Other.bacter.al gener. detected wer. uncultur.d alpha pr.teobacter.um, Sphingopyxis and Methylobacter.um. We also employed fluor.scence in situ hybr.dization （FISH） in whole mount samples to confir. the pr.sence of dominant endosymbionts Por.ier. and Ar.enophonus to the bacter.ocyte of D. malleswar.mensis. This study concludes that combining techniques like 16S r.NA amplicon pyr.sequencing and FISH r.veal both dominant and r.r. bacter.a. The data also pr.dict the evolutionar. position of this pest with r.spect to other.whitefly species using a mitochondr.al mar.er.

关键词： 16S r.NA amplicon pyr.sequencing bacter.al diver.ity Dialeur.longamalleswar.mensis FISH mtC01

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Captur. the var.ation of the por. pr.ssur. with differ.nt geological age fr.m seismic inver.ion study in the Jaisalmer.sub-basin,India

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Petr.leum Science 2020年第6期17卷 1556-1578页

作者： raman Chahal Saur.bh Datta Gupta Depar.ment of Applied Geophysics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)DhanbadDhanbadJharkhand 826004India

Geoscientific evidence shows that var.ous par.meter. such as compaction,buoyancy effect,hydr.car.on matur.tion,gas effect and tectonic activities contr.l the por. pr.ssur. of sub-sur.ace *** contr.lled geoscientific data in the tectonically active ar.as is significantly useful for.r.bust estimation of pr.-dr.ll por. *** r.ser.oir.which is tectonically complex and por. pr.ssur. is changing fr.quently that cir.umfer.nce motivated us to conduct this *** changes in por. pr.ssur. have been captur.d fr.m the fine-scale to the br.ad scale in the Jaisalmer.*** pr.ssur. var.ation has been distinctly obser.ed in pr.-and post-Jur.ssic age based on the cur.ent ***-stack seismic inver.ion study was conducted to captur.ng the var.ation of por. *** of low-fr.quency spectr.m and integr.ted inter.al velocity model pr.vided a detailed featur. of por. pr.ssur. in each compar.ment of the study *** pr.ssur. estimated fr.m well log data was cor.elated with seismic inver.ion based *** on the cur.ent study one well has been pr.posed wher. por. pr.ssur. was estimated and two distinguished tr.nds ar. identified in the study *** appr.aches of the cur.ent study wer. analysed thor.ughly and it will be highly useful in complex r.ser.oir.condition wher. por. pr.ssur. var.es fr.quently.

关键词： Por. pr.ssur. Seismic inver.ion Clastic and car.onate r.ser.oir

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Ar.ificially Gener.ted Facial Images for.Gender.Classification Using Deep Lear.ing

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Computer.Systems Science & Engineer.ng 2023年第2期44卷 1341-1355页

作者： Valliappan raman Khaled ELKar.zle Patr.ck Then Coimbator. Institute of Technology Coimbatore641014India Swinbur.e Univer.ity of Technology Kuching95530Malaysia

Given the cur.ent expansion of the computer.visionﬁeld,sever.l appli-cations that r.ly on extr.cting biometr.c infor.ation like facial gender.for.access contr.l,secur.ty or.mar.eting pur.oses ar. becoming mor. common.A typical gender.classiﬁer.r.quir.s many tr.ining samples to lear. as many distinguishable featur.s as ***,collecting facial images fr.m individuals is usually a sensitive task,and it might violate either.an individual's pr.vacy or.a speciﬁc data pr.vacy *** or.er.to br.dge the gap between pr.vacy and the need for.many facial images for.deep lear.ing tr.ining,an ar.iﬁcially gener.ted dataset of facial images is *** acquir. a pr.-tr.ined Style-Gener.tive Adver.ar.ial Networ.s(StyleGAN)gener.tor.and use it to cr.ate a dataset of facial *** label the images accor.ing to the obser.ed gender.using a set of cr.ter.a that differ.ntiate the facial featur.s of males and females *** use this manually-labelled dataset to tr.in thr.e facial gender.classiﬁer.,a custom-designed networ.,and two pr.-tr.ined networ.s based on the Visual Geometr. Gr.up designs(VGG16)and(VGG19).We cr.ss-validate these thr.e classiﬁer. on two separ.te datasets containing labelled images of actual *** testing,we use the UTKFace and the Kaggle gender.*** exper.mental r.sults suggest that using a set of ar.iﬁcial images for.tr.ining pr.duces a compar.ble per.or.ance with accur.cies similar.to existing state-of-the-ar. methods,which uses actual images of *** aver.ge classiﬁcation accur.cy of each classiﬁer.is between 94%and 95%,which is similar.to existing pr.posed methods.

关键词： Facial r.cognition data collection facial images gener.tive adver.ar.al networ.s facial gender.estimation

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