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Corneal blindness and current major treatment concerngraft scarcity

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第7期10卷 1154-1162页

作者： kah Hie Wong ka wai kam Li Jia Chen Alvin L.Young Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales Hospital

According to World Health Organization, the global prevalence of blindness in 2010 was 39 million people, among which 4% were due to corneal opacities. Often, the sole resort for visual restoration of patients with damaged corneas is corneal transplantation. However, despite rapid developments of surgical techniques, instrumentations and immunosuppressive agents, corneal blindness remains a prevalent global health issue. This is largely due to the scarcity of good quality corneal grafts. In this review, the causes of corneal blindness, its major treatment options, and the major contributory factors of corneal graft scarcity with potential solutions are discussed.

关键词： corneal blindness keratoplasty corneal graft corneal donation eye banking

Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling:from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 401-441页

作者： Bonan Chen Peiyao Yu wai Nok Chan Fuda Xie Yigan Zhang Li Liang kam Tong Leung Kwok wai Lo Jun Yu Gary M.K.Tse Wei kang ka Fai To Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease Institute of Digestive DiseaseThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina Department of Pathology Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical CollegeSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor PathologyGuangzhouChina Institute of Biomedical Research Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body.A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis,often coinciding with disease *** an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium,cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease *** research suggests zinc’s involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells,despite its low tissue *** has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc’s cellular metabolism,particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer *** transportation is under the control of two major transporter families:SLC30(ZnT)for the excretion of zinc and SLC39(ZIP)for the zinc ***,the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins(MTs).This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression,with a special focus on *** also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc *** the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane,the potential for targeted therapies,including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies,offers promising avenues for future exploration.

关键词： metabolism invasion involvement

Modulation doping of p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)toward improving thermoelectric performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 71-79页

作者： Khak Ho Lim Mingquan Li Yu Zhang Yue Wu Qimin Zhou Qingyue Wang Xuan Yang Pingwei Liu Wen-Jun Wang ka wai Wong ka Ming Ng Yu Liu Andreu Cabot Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Ostia Technologies Limited United Kingdom Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23Barcelona 08010Spain Catalonia Energy Research Institute-IREC Sant Adria del BesosBarcelona 08930Spain

The commercial viability of thermoelectric(TE)devices relies heavily on two factors:cost reduction and efficiency *** this study,we first produce p-type Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(16-x)(x=0,3,4)using a low-temperature bottom-up approach and demonstrate Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)to show the best TE performance among the three tested ***,the TE energy conversion efficiency of Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)is further enhanced by optimizing its electronic band structure through the incorporation of small amounts of *** an optimal Te content of 5 mol%,more than a twofold increase in the TE figure of merit(zT)is *** gain insight into the mechanism of improvement on the transport properties of the mate-rial,we compare the interphase transport mechanism by incorporating nanodomains of different metals(Ag and Cu)into the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** improved electrical conductivity obtained with Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te nanocomposites is attributed to a charge flooding of the Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)*** contrast,excessive down-ward band-bending at the interphases of Ag/Cu metal-semiconductor drastically reduces the electrical ***,a weighted mobility(μw)analysis shows a dominant thermal activation of carri-ers in Cu_(12)Sb_(4)S_(13)-Te *** this material,a strong decrease in lattice thermal conductivity is also found,which is associated with a phonon-carrier scattering *** work shows the impor-tance of proper band-engineering in TE nanocomposites to decouple electrical and thermal transport to enhance TE performance,and the efficacy ofμw for electrical and thermal transport analysis.

关键词： Modulation doping Thermoelectric Interphase transport Charge flooding Phonon-carrier scattering

Tracking Source Variations of Inhalation Cancer Risks and Ozone Formation Potential in Hong Kong over Two Decades(2000−2020)Using Toxic Air Pollutant Monitoring Data

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 411-421页

作者： Yee ka Wong wai wai Chan Dasa Gu Jian Zhen Yu Alexis K.H.Lau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China

Toxic air pollutants(TAPs)are a class of airborne chemicals known or suspected to cause serious health *** study,applying positive matrix factorization and inhalation unit risk estimates of TAPs,quantifies the changes in significant sources contributing to inhalation cancer risks(ICRs)from 2000 to 2020 in Hong Kong,*** ICR decreased from 1701 to 451 cases per million between 2000−2004 and 2016−2020,largely attributed to the reduction in diesel particulate matter(DPM),gasoline and solvent use-related volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and coal/biomass combustion-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal(loid)*** regional contribution of VOCs associated with industrial and halogenated solvent sources increased substantially,representing the largest non-DPM ICR contributor(37%)in 2016−2020,stressing the need for a more comprehensive risk evaluation across the fast-growing and densely populated Greater Bay Area(GBA).ICRs in Hong Kong and the GBA will likely remain over 100 cases per million by *** contributions to ozone formation potential of VOC/carbonyl sources were quantified,which show a notable shift from being solvent/gasoline-dominant in 2000−2004 to being more evenly shared by various sources in 2016−*** a similar TAP monitoring network in the GBA is anticipated to provide the monitoring data needed to facilitate the development of more informed air quality management strategies.

关键词： toxic air pollutant hazardous air pollutant health risk assessment source apportionment ozone formation potential air quality management

从《类编南北经验医方大成》论元代南北医学融合

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文史哲 2024年第4期 70-78,166页

作者：范家伟香港城市大学中文及历史学系中国香港

元代孙允贤撰《医方大成》,之后经熊彦明增补而成《类编南北经验医方大成》。对于南宋金元经历一百五十多年分裂后南北医学文化重新融合的问题,过去学者多集中于金元北方医学南传所带来的影响,以及南方医者接受金元北方医学理论后对《... 详细信息

元代孙允贤撰《医方大成》,之后经熊彦明增补而成《类编南北经验医方大成》。对于南宋金元经历一百五十多年分裂后南北医学文化重新融合的问题,过去学者多集中于金元北方医学南传所带来的影响,以及南方医者接受金元北方医学理论后对《局方》的批判,此为一个方面。《类编南北经验医方大成》所引方书,提供另一方面的了解,南方医者将南北医方融合一书之中,代表南方医者在接受金元北方医学传统时,也同时传承南宋以来南方医学传统。尽管金元医学四大家医学影响往后医学发展极为深远,但是南宋以来南方医学传统仍然在元明两代保存其活力,此却为学者忽略。

关键词：《类编南北经验医方大成》孙允贤熊彦明元代医学南北医学传统

Effectiveness of post-COVID-19 primary care attendance in improving survival in very old patients with multimorbidity:a territory-wide target trial emulation

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 25-35页

作者： Cuiling Wei Vincent ka Chun Yan Camille Maringe Wenxin Tian Rachel Yui Ki Chu Wenlong Liu Boyan Liu Yuqi Hu Lingyue Zhou Celine Sze Ling Chui Xue Li Eric Yuk Fai Wan Ching Lung Cheung Esther wai Yin Chan William Chi wai Wong Ian Chi Kei Wong Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Health Services Research and Policy Faculty of Public Health and PolicyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong KongHong Kong Advanced Data Analytics for Medical Science(ADAMS)Limited Hong KongHong Kong Department of Medicine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Department of Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPeople's Republic of China Aston Pharmacy School Aston UniversityBirminghamUK School of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacao

Objectives Older individuals with multimorbidity are at an elevated risk of infection and complications from *** of post-COVID-19 interventions or care models in reducing subsequent adverse outcomes in these individuals have rarely been *** study aims to examine the effectiveness of attending general outpatient within 30 days after discharge from COVID-19 on 1-year survival among older adults aged 85 years or above with *** Retrospective cohort study emulating a randomised target trial using electronic health *** We used data from the Hospital Authority and the Department of Health in Hong Kong,which provided comprehensive electronic health records,COVID-19 confirmed case data,population-based vaccination records and other individual characteristics for the *** Adults aged 85 years or above with multimorbidity who were discharged after hospitalisation for COVID-19 between January 2020 and August *** Attending a general outpatient within 30 days of last COVID-19 discharge defined the exposure,compared to no outpatient *** outcome measures Primary outcome was all-cause mortality within one *** outcomes included mortality from respiratory,cardiovascular and cancer *** A total of 6183 eligible COVID-19 survivors were included in the *** all-cause mortality rate following COVID-19 hospitalisation was lower in the general outpatient visit group(17.1 deaths per 100 person-year)compared with non-visit group(42.8 deaths per 100 person-year).After adjustment,primary care consultations within 30 days after discharge were associated with a significantly greater 1-year survival(difference in 1-year survival:11.2%,95%CI 8.1%to 14.4%).We also observed significantly better survival from respiratory diseases in the general outpatient visit group(difference in 1-year survival:6.3%,95%CI 3.5%to 8.9%).In a sensitivity analysis for different grace period lengths

关键词： morbidity visit records

铜绿假单胞菌对肺血管内皮细胞功能的影响及其机制

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中国医学科学院学报 2024年第1期46卷 1-10页

作者：张雷王俊轶何翔吴敏李国平黄锦伟澳门科技大学中药质量研究国家重点实验室中国澳门999078 成都市第三人民医院呼吸健康研究所过敏与精准医学实验室成都610000 北达科他大学医学与健康科学院生物医学科学系美国北达科他州大福克斯58203 中国科学院大学温州研究院浙江温州325000

目的探究铜绿假单胞菌(PA)感染对肺血管内皮细胞功能的影响,并探讨其加重小鼠肺部炎症反应的可能机制。方法PAO1菌株感染人肺微血管内皮细胞HULEC-5a 2 h后,采用逆转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测自噬相关基因5(ATG5)、6-磷酸果糖-2-... 详细信息

目的探究铜绿假单胞菌(PA)感染对肺血管内皮细胞功能的影响,并探讨其加重小鼠肺部炎症反应的可能机制。方法PAO1菌株感染人肺微血管内皮细胞HULEC-5a 2 h后,采用逆转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测自噬相关基因5(ATG5)、6-磷酸果糖-2-激酶/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶3(PFKFB3)和钙黏蛋白5(CDH5)的mRNA表达,免疫荧光检测ATG5、PFKFB3和血管内皮钙黏蛋白(VE-cadherin)的蛋白表达。采用小干扰RNA(siRNA)分别敲减ATG5、PFKFB3后,RT-qPCR检测ATG5、PFKFB3和CDH5的mRNA表达,免疫荧光检测PFKFB3和VE-cadherin的蛋白表达,并采用乳酸测定试剂盒检测细胞内乳酸的水平。采用PAO1菌株感染小鼠后,肺组织切片病理染色观察小鼠肺部炎症,激光共聚焦显微镜观察并分析荧光标记的内皮细胞PFKFB3和VE-cadherin的表达量。结果与对照组比较,PAO1感染HULEC-5a细胞后,PFKFB3 mRNA和蛋白表达均增加(P均<0.05),CDH5 mRNA表达减少(P=0.023),VE-cadherin蛋白表达减少(P<0.001),且连续性被破坏,乳酸含量升高(P=0.017)。与PAO1感染HULEC-5a细胞比较,PAO1感染敲减PFKFB3的HULEC-5a细胞后,CDH5 mRNA表达增加(P=0.043),VE-cadherin荧光连续性得到恢复,乳酸含量降低(P=0.047);PAO1感染敲减ATG5的HULEC-5a细胞后,PFKFB3 mRNA(P=0.013)和蛋白表达(P=0.003)均增加,CDH5 mRNA(P=0.020)和VE-cadherin蛋白表达(P=0.001)均减少,乳酸含量升高(P=0.015)。PAO1感染小鼠后,病理HE染色结果显示,肺泡内明显的红细胞渗漏,炎症细胞浸润,肺泡间隔增宽和部分血管内皮细胞脱落。免疫荧光染色结果显示,与正常小鼠比较,PAO1感染小鼠内皮细胞PFKFB3表达增加,VE-cadherin荧光减弱,且不连续。结论PA可能通过AGT5调控PFKFB3通路,破坏肺血管内皮细胞功能,进而加重小鼠肺部炎症反应。

关键词：铜绿假单胞菌肺血管内皮细胞 6-磷酸果糖-2-激酶/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶3 自噬相关基因5 感染

Unique anti-angiogenic effects,pharmacological targets and therapeutic mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines for endometriosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 63-65页

作者： Bo Liang Rui Dong Sze Wan Hung Yiran Li Yuezhen Lin Ling Wu Tao Zhang Gene Chi wai Man Hui Xu Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung Chi Chiu Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Reproduction and Development Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Endometriosis is a common and benign angiogenesisdependent gynecological disorder,which refers to the proliferation and growth of endometrium-like tissues with neovasculature formation outside of the uterus.1 Available medical treatments for endometriosis containing hormonal and non-hormonal treatments had been limited for longterm usage by their side effects.2 Ideal medical treatment for endometriosis with efficacy to relieve symptoms and suppress endometriotic lesion growth and minimal side effects has been longing for decades.3 Angiogenesis is a promising therapeutic target for endometriosis.

关键词： therapeutic endometriosis herbal

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in a cohort of Chinese patients in Hong Kong

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2223-2228页

作者： kam Hoi Chan Chun Wing Chan wai Hung Chow wai Keung Kwan Chi Kwan Kong ka Fung Mak Miu Yi Leung Lin Kiu Lau Department of Medicine Yan Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China Department of Surgery Yan Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China Department of Radiology Yah Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR Chin Department of Pathology Yah Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China

AIM： To investigate the prevalence and clinical pattern of gastrointestinal stromal tumors （GISTs） in Hong Kong Chinese, and to assess the impact of introduction of CD117 on the disease incidence. METHODS： From the database of the Department of Pathology of Yan Chai Hospital, 47 patients, with GISTs from September 1995 to December 2003 were included in this study. Ten GISTs were diagnosed before the introduction of CD117. The clinical features, tumor characteristics, and treatment were analyzed. Factors predicting tumor related death or recurrence were studied with Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS： The patients included 26 males and 21 females, with a mean age of 66.6 years （SD 13.1, range 29-87 years）. The estimated prevalence of GISTs was 13.4-15.6 per 100 000 people, with an annual inddence of 1.68-1.96 per 100 000 people. The annual incidence of GISTs before and after the introduction of CD117 was 1.1 per 100 000 people and 2.1 per 100 000 people respectively. Stomach （34 patients, 72.3%） was the most common location for the tumor, followed by the small intestine （8 patients, 17.0%）, esophagus （2 patients, 4.3%）, omentum （2 patients, 4.3%） and colon （1 patient, 2.1%）. Thirty-one patients （66%） had complete tumor resection. Eleven out of 16 deaths （23%） were tumor-related. The median survival time was 26 too. Five-year survival rate was 61.3%. The significant factors associated with tumor-related death or recurrence were incomplete resection, tumor size 5 cm or above, invasion to the adjacent organ or presence of metastasis, CONCLUSION： The incidence of GIST in Hong Kong is comparable to that in the United States but lower than that in Finland. The true incidence of GISTs could be underestimated before the introduction of CD117. Incomplete resection, tumor size 5 cm or above, invasion to the adjacent organ or presence of metastasis are factors predicting tumor-related death or recurrence.

关键词： Gastrointestinal tumor GIST Prognostic factors, Clinical features Incidence