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Audits of death in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents Followed up in the Pediatric department of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2005 to 2020

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 285-296页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo Mohamed Falilatou Agbeille dénagan kévin Amoussou Médétinmè Gérard kpanidja Lahanatou Séidou Chantal Chabi Réckya kilaya Julien didier Adédémy Agossou Joseph Mother and Child department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Pediatric department Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori Parakou Benin

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major public health problem with high morbidity and mortality among children. The objective of this work was to audit the deaths of children and adolescents with HIV infection followed up in the pediatric department of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUdB/A) the from 2005 to 2020. Patients and Method: This was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted in the pediatric department of CHUd/B-A in Parakou. All children with HIV infection who died from January 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 were included. data collection was carried out in three stages: a phase of medical records processing, a phase of community survey and a phase of death audits. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary. Results: Over the study period, the data of 464 infected children were recorded, including 92 deaths, representing a case fatality rate of 19.83%. Severe acute malnutrition (69.23%), gastro-intestinal tract infections (43.58%) and serious opportunistic pulmonary infections (24.36% pulmonary tuberculosis and 19.23% pneumocystis) were the main causes of death. The main dysfunctions found were: the delayed diagnosis of HIV infection (79.35%), the absence or delay in consultation when the child’s clinical condition deteriorates (32.61% and 47.83%), delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment (42.39%) and non-adherence to treatment (38.04%). Non-adherence to treatment was predominant in adolescents (90.49%). Conclusion: Specific interventions for early detection, adequate nutritional care, psychosocial support for adolescents and mothers of children are necessary to reduce mortality due to HIV among children and adolescents.

关键词： HIV death Children Adolescents dysfunctions Benin

Predicting major adverse cardiovascular events after orthotopic liver transplantation using a supervised machine learning model:A cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 193-210页

作者： Jonathan Soldera Leandro Luis Corso Matheus Machado Rech vinícius Remus Ballotin Lucas Goldmann Bigarella Fernanda Tomé Nathalia Moraes Rafael Sartori Balbinot Santiago Rodriguez Ajacio Bandeira de Mello Brandão Bruno Hochhegger Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom Postgraduate Program in Pathology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil department of Engineering Universidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do Sul 95070-560Brazil School of Medicine Universidade de Caxias do SulCaxias do Sul 95070-560Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACkGROUNd Liver transplant(LT)patients have become older and *** rate of post-LT major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)has increased,and this in turn raises 30-d post-LT *** cardiac stress testing loses accuracy when applied to pre-LT cirrhotic *** To assess the feasibility and accuracy of a machine learning model used to predict post-LT MACE in a regional *** This retrospective cohort study involved 575 LT patients from a Southern Brazilian academic *** developed a predictive model for post-LT MACE(defined as a composite outcome of stroke,new-onset heart failure,severe arrhythmia,and myocardial infarction)using the extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)machine learning *** addressed missing data(below 20%)for relevant variables using the k-nearest neighbor imputation method,calculating the mean from the ten nearest neighbors for each *** modeling dataset included 83 features,encompassing patient and laboratory data,cirrhosis complications,and pre-LT cardiac *** performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC).We also employed Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)to interpret feature *** dataset was split into training(75%)and testing(25%)*** was evaluated using the Brier *** followed Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or diagnosis guidelines for ***-learn and SHAP in Python 3 were used for all *** supplementary material includes code for model development and a user-friendly online MACE prediction *** Of the 537 included patients,23(4.46%)developed in-hospital MACE,with a mean age at transplantation of 52.9 *** majority,66.1%,were *** XGBoost model achieved an impressive AUROC of 0.89 during the training *** model exhibited accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score values of 0.84,0.85,0.80,and 0.79,***

关键词： Liver transplantation Major adverse cardiac events Machine learning Myocardial perfusion imaging Stress test

Intraspecific maternal competition in insect parasitoids induces summer diapause in insect parasitoids

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Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1080-1088页

作者： kévin Tougeron George Hraoui Cécile Le Lann Joan van Baaren Jacques Brodeur UMR-CNRS 6553Ecobio Universitéde Rennes 1RennesFrance Université Bretagne Loire Cité InternationaleRennesFrance département de Sciences Biologiques Institut de Recherche en Biologie VegétaleUniversitéde MontréalMontréalCanada

Organisms often live in unpredictable environments and have to adopt life history strategies that optimize their fitness under these *** to bet-hedging theory,individuals can reduce variation in fitness outcomes by investing in different strategies at the same *** arthropods,facultative summer diapause enables survival during dry and hot periods of the year,and can be triggered by a decrease in resource abundance. However,the effect of resource depletion on diapause induction has never been disentangled from the effect of the perception of the presence of *** two solitary parasitoid species of cereal aphids as a model system,Aphidius avenae (Haliday)and Aphidius rhopalosiphi (de Stefani-Perez)(Hymenoptera:Braconidae),we tested whether (i)low absolute host density and/or (ii)high levels of parasitoid females'competition lead to maternal-induced summer diapause in parasitoid *** summer-like climatic conditions,emerging parasitoid females were (i)reared alone and exposed to different host densities (from 5 to 130 aphids),or (ii)reared together with competing females (from 2 to 20 females)and then exposed individually to 50 *** both parasitoid species, low aphid densities did not induce summer ***,the incidence of summer diapause increased up to a maximum of 11% with increasing levels of competition expe rienced by female *** than 60% of the females produced both diapausing and nondiapausing offspring after being kept at the two highest competition densities. Such a "spreading-the-risk"strategy has likely evolved to optimize parasitoid fitness by preventing the following generation from exposure to low populations of suitable hosts and high mortality from *** results provide the first experimental evidence of direct maternal competition-induced diapause in insects,and may change the way we apprehend the evolution of arthropod seasonal ecology,by considering intraspecific c

关键词： aestivation bet-hedging host density intraspecific competition superparasitism

Positive effect of spring advance on the diet quality of an alpine herbivore

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 78-92页

作者： Johan ESPUNYES Emmanuel SERRANO Sara CHAVES Jordi BARTOLOMÉ Pierre MENAUT Elena ALBANELL Pascal MARCHANd kévin FOULCHÉ Mathieu GAREL Wildlife Ecology and Health group(WE&H)i Servei d’Ecopatologia de la Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group(WildCoM) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Research and Conservation department Zoo de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Group of Ruminant Research(G2R) Department of Animal and Food ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain French Agency for Biodiversity Direction Régionale OccitanieService d’Appui aux Acteurs et Mobilisation du TerritoireVilleneuve de RivièreFrance French Agency for Biodiversity Direction de la Recherche et Appui ScientifiqueUnitéOngulés SauvagesGièresFrance

Changes in vegetation phenology related to global warming are having alarming effects on the life history traits of many herbivore *** changes are particularly critical in alpine ecosystems,where strong climate limitations on plant growth make seasonal synchronization imperative for the growth,reproduction and survival of ***,despite the pivotal role of resource-use strategies on the performances of such species,few studies have explicitly assessed the mechanistic impact of climate change on their *** aimed to fill this gap by studying the effect of spring onset on the dietary composition and quality of a medium-size alpine herbivore while considering density-dependent processes and age-and sex-specific differences in foraging *** an exceptional,long-term(24 years)direct individual-based dietary monitoring of a Pyrenean chamois population(Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica),we showed that ongoing earlier onsets of spring are leading to an earlier access to high-quality forage and therefore a higher diet quality at a fixed date,without apparent changes in diet *** also showed that at high densities,intraspecific competition reduced diet quality by driving animals to feed more on woody plants and less on nutritious forbs and *** assessing the mechanistic effects of global warming on the dietary patterns of species at the center of trophic networks,this study is an essential step for predictive models aiming at understanding the ongoing ecosystem consequences of the global climatic crisis.

关键词： cuticle microhistological analysis diet composition near-infrared spectroscopy Rupicapra pyrenaica

Sand wave migration near the southeastern corner of Martha's vineyard, Massachusetts, USA

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第5期38卷 629-642页

作者： vinícius Santos Pessanha Peter Cheng Chu Matthew kenneth Gough Peter Traykovski Mara Morgenstern Orescanin department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Sand waves of approximately 2 m in height were observed to migrate nearly 40 m with counterclockwise rotation between two bathymetric surveys performed three months apart near the southeastern corner of Martha’s vineyard, Massachusetts. The region is characterized by strong tidal currents, intermittent energetic surface wave events, and shallow water with local depth ranging from 2 to 7 m. This study uses the process-based model, delft3d, with a three-dimensional approach to examine the sand wave dynamics by incorporating surface waves, winds, currents, and bathymetric observations. The model successfully simulates sand wave migration in comparisons to observations. Model sensitivity analyses show that the sand wave migration reduces by 65% with the absence of the surface waves. The modeled sand wave migration speed is correlated with the tidal current Shields parameter, and sharp increases in migration speed occur when the wave-driven Shields parameter increases in response to energetic surface wave events. The combined effect of tides, surface waves, and bathymetry is the origin of the rotational aspect of the sand wave, using the Shields parameter as an indicator of tidal currents and surface wave influence on sand wave dynamics.

关键词： Sand wave migration Numerical morphological modeling delft3d Sandy seafloor Martha's vineyard

Water dynamics Combined with a Supply of NPk Solutes and Urea in a 3-Layer Soil Profile under drip Irrigation

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第11期12卷 1321-1341页

作者： Siguibnoma kévin Landry Ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom kébré François Zougmoré Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement UFR/ST Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The intensive and inappropriate use of water, fertilizers and phytosanitary products is sources of water and soil pollution. It is thus necessary to improve the management of irrigation water in order to optimize its use and productivity, especially in regions where water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The water flow and non-reactive solutes’ transport simulation under drip irrigation were carried out in a 3-layered soil profile distributed from top to bottom i.e., sandy, sandy-silty, silty-sandy-clay. The aim of this study was thus, to provide a good practice of water management associated with solutes’ application, in order to retain as much solute as possible in the root zone, which will increase the residence time of the solutes. Three treatments of water flux corresponding to 100% ETc, 75% ETc, 50% ETc, combined with 100 mmol /L/ m2 of NPk and 246 mmol/L/m2 of urea applicable in two doses, were carried out over a period of 110 days corresponding to the duration of the cropping cycle for the intermediate variety of maize. The 100% ETc and 75% ETc treatments cause more loss of water and solutes, because of the sandy texture of the soil. However, a 50% ETc water flux would reduce more water loss through drainage, and solutes’ loss due to leaching beyond the root zone, which would increase the residence time of solutes in the soil profile. Application tests of the NPk solute on different days before the 15th day after sowing were also carried out according to the technical itinerary for maize production in Burkina Faso, in order to find a favorable day for application of the solute. For the different dates of solute’s application, there was more loss of the solute as we approach the 15th day after sowing. To limit this loss and i

关键词： drip Irrigation Hydrus 1d Solute and Water Management Residence Time

Sperm collection in Black-legged kittiwakes and characterization of sperm velocity and morphology

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Avian Research 2019年第1期10卷 89-100页

作者： Ségolène Humann?Guilleminot Pierre Blévin Antonin Azou?Barré Agathe Yacoumas Geir Wing Gabrielsen Olivier Chastel Fabrice Helfenstein Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecophysiology Institute of BiologyUniversity of Neuchatel Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé(CEBC) UMR 7372-CNRSUniversité de La Rochelle Norwegian Polar Institute Fram Centre

Background:Collecting and studying live sperm is central to many important fields of ***,a simple method to collect live sperm is lacking in wild seabird ***,we describe a non?invasive method to collect viable sperm samples based on a simple massage technique applied to male Black?legged kittiwakes(Rissa tridactyla).Methods:We studied a colony breeding at kongsfjorden,Svalbard and successfully obtained sperm samples from 32 *** a subset of samples(n = 12 males),we compared the suitability of several extenders(0.9% NaCl,PBS,Earle's balance salt solution,dulbecco's modified Eagle medium) in maintaining sperm alive long enough for *** another 18 ejaculates,we conducted computer assisted sperm analyses using the CASA plugin for *** provide details about the settings to be used for such ***,droplets from 20 ejaculates were smeared on glass slides and preserved with formalin to characterize sperm morphology in terms of total sperm length,sperm head length,midpiece length and flagellum length,and percentage of abnormal ***:With this method and under field conditions,we were able to obtain sufficient amounts of live sperm to assess traits related to sperm quality(*** morphology,percentage of motile sperm,sperm velocity).We found that two extenders,Earle's balanced salt solution and dulbecco modified Eagle's medium,yielded similarly good ***,we investigated whether specific behaviours were associated with successful sperm collection and whether sperm collection success depended on how long before laying sperm collection was ***,we provide mean values for sperm morphology,sperm swimming ability and percentage of motile sperm,which may prove useful for future comparative analyses,and we report high levels of sperm abnormality and within?ejaculate variation in sperm ***:We discuss the high percentage of abnormal sperm and high within?ejaculate variation in sperm

关键词： Black-legged kittiwakes Sperm Spermatozoa Semen collection Non?invasive method Larids Sperm velocity Sperm morphology Abnormal sperm

Splenic artery ligature associated with endoscopic banding for schistosomal portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16734-16738页

作者： Renata Potonyacz Colaneri Fabrício Ferreira Coelho Roberto de Cleva Marcos vinícius Perini Paulo Herman department of Gastroenterology University of S?o Paulo Medical School

AIM: To propose a less invasive surgical treatment for schistosomal portal hypertension.

关键词： Endoscopic banding Esophageal varices Portal hypertension Schistosomiasis Variceal bleeding

Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Bissap (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale (L) Rose) Juices Sold in the Western Part of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第6期12卷 964-976页

作者： Gnamien Marcel Ahon Gbouhoury Eric-kévin Bolou Mamadou Fofana kouakou Ernest Amoikon National Pedagogical Institute for Technical and Professional Education (NPTPE) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Biology and Health Laboratory UFR Biosciences University Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire National Floristic Center UFR Biosciences University Félix HOUPHOU&Euml T-BOIGNY Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Juices made from the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae), commonly called Bissap, and the rhizome of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae), known as Gnamankoudji, are widely consumed in Côte d'Ivoire. The artisanal preparation of these juices often makes their quality problematic. The aim of this study is to determine some physicochemical and microbiological properties of these drinks sold in the city of Abidjan. To do this, samples of Bissap and Gnamankoudji juices were collected near schools in the Mamie Adjoua (Yopougon) and Abobodoumé (Attécoubé) districts. Physico-chemical and microbiological analyses were performed on these collected samples. The results show that the Bissap and Gnamankoudji juices have an acid pH (2.47 and 3.71), a low protein content (0.78% and 2.11%) and a high water content (80.13% and 85.21%), respectively. The reducing sugar content ranged from 1.20% to 3.34%, with high total sugar (695 mg/mL and 812 mg/mL), low ash (0.70 ± 0.07;0.91 ± 0.01). On the other hand, these juices contain variable concentrations of minerals from one site to another (magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium and iron). Potassium is the most abundant mineral element, followed by phosphorus and magnesium. Moreover, it is observed that the Gnamankoudji juices contain vitamin C (4.67 to 5.58 mg/100mL), contrary to the Bissap juice. The microbiological analysis indicates the presence of aerobic mesophilic germs (AMG) but a total absence of pathogenic germs in all juices. The important presence of nutrients and the total absence of pathogenic germs in these drinks justify their regular consumption by the population.

关键词： Juice Hibiscus sabdariffa Zingiber officinale Chemical Composition Microbiology