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Intraspecific maternal competition in insect parasitoids induces summer diapause in insect parasitoids

Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1080-1088页

作者： k.vin Tougeron George Hraoui cécile Le Lann Joan van Baaren Jacques Brodeur UMR-cNRS 6553Ecobio Universitéde Rennes 1RennesFrance Université Bretagne Loire Cité InternationaleRennesFrance Département de Sciences Biologiques Institut de Recherche en Biologie VegétaleUniversitéde MontréalMontréalCanada

Organisms often live in unpredictable environments and have to adopt life history strategies that optimize their fitness under these *** to bet-hedging theory,individuals can reduce variation in fitness outcomes by investing in different strategies at the same *** arthropods,facultative summer diapause enables survival during dry and hot periods of the year,and can be triggered by a decrease in resource abundance. However,the effect of resource depletion on diapause induction has never been disentangled from the effect of the perception of the presence of *** two solitary parasitoid species of cereal aphids as a model system,Aphidius avenae (Haliday)and Aphidius rhopalosiphi (De Stefani-Perez)(Hymenoptera:Braconidae),we tested whether (i)low absolute host density and/or (ii)high levels of parasitoid females'competition lead to maternal-induced summer diapause in parasitoid *** summer-like climatic conditions,emerging parasitoid females were (i)reared alone and exposed to different host densities (from 5 to 130 aphids),or (ii)reared together with competing females (from 2 to 20 females)and then exposed individually to 50 *** both parasitoid species, low aphid densities did not induce summer ***,the incidence of summer diapause increased up to a maximum of 11% with increasing levels of competition expe rienced by female *** than 60% of the females produced both diapausing and nondiapausing offspring after being kept at the two highest competition densities. Such a "spreading-the-risk"strategy has likely evolved to optimize parasitoid fitness by preventing the following generation from exposure to low populations of suitable hosts and high mortality from *** results provide the first experimental evidence of direct maternal competition-induced diapause in insects,and may change the way we apprehend the evolution of arthropod seasonal ecology,by considering intraspecific c

关键词： aestivation bet-hedging host density intraspecific competition superparasitism

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Positive effect of spring advance on the diet quality of an alpine herbivore

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 78-92页

作者： Johan ESPUNYES Emmanuel SERRANO Sara cHAVES Jordi BARTOLOMÉ Pierre MENAUT Elena ALBANELL Pascal MARcHAND k.vin FOULcHÉ Mathieu GAREL Wildlife Ecology and Health group(WE&H)i Servei d’Ecopatologia de la Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Wildlife conservation Medicine Research Group(WildcoM) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Research and conservation Department Zoo de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Group of Ruminant Research(G2R) Department of Animal and Food ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain French Agency for Biodiversity Direction Régionale OccitanieService d’Appui aux Acteurs et Mobilisation du TerritoireVilleneuve de RivièreFrance French Agency for Biodiversity Direction de la Recherche et Appui ScientifiqueUnitéOngulés SauvagesGièresFrance

changes in vegetation phenology related to global warming are having alarming effects on the life history traits of many herbivore *** changes are particularly critical in alpine ecosystems,where strong climate limitations on plant growth make seasonal synchronization imperative for the growth,reproduction and survival of ***,despite the pivotal role of resource-use strategies on the performances of such species,few studies have explicitly assessed the mechanistic impact of climate change on their *** aimed to fill this gap by studying the effect of spring onset on the dietary composition and quality of a medium-size alpine herbivore while considering density-dependent processes and age-and sex-specific differences in foraging *** an exceptional,long-term(24 years)direct individual-based dietary monitoring of a Pyrenean chamois population(Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica),we showed that ongoing earlier onsets of spring are leading to an earlier access to high-quality forage and therefore a higher diet quality at a fixed date,without apparent changes in diet *** also showed that at high densities,intraspecific competition reduced diet quality by driving animals to feed more on woody plants and less on nutritious forbs and *** assessing the mechanistic effects of global warming on the dietary patterns of species at the center of trophic networks,this study is an essential step for predictive models aiming at understanding the ongoing ecosystem consequences of the global climatic crisis.

关键词： cuticle microhistological analysis diet composition near-infrared spectroscopy Rupicapra pyrenaica

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Spatial distribution and impacts of climate change on Milicia excelsa in Benin,West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 143-150页

作者： Sunday Berlioz kakpo Augustin kossi Nounangnon Aoudji Denis Gnanguènon-Guéssè Alain Jaures Gbètoho kourouma koura Géoff roy k.vin Djotan Jean cossi Ganglo Laboratory of Forest Sciences Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBP 1493 Abomey-CalaviBenin

African teak(Milicia excelsa(Welw.)***)is an endangered multi-use *** the impact of climate change on the distribution of this species may improve the ability to anticipate or recognize its decline or expansion and to take appropriate conservation measures if *** niche modeling was projected in geographical space to study the current and future distribution of *** in Bé*** was used to estimate the potential geographic distribution of the species under two Representative concentration Pathways(RcP).Miroc 5 summaries and two RcP 4.5 and RcP 8.5 scenarios were used as predictor variables for projections of the geographic potential of this *** performance of the model was assessed by the area under the curve(AUc),true skill statistics(TSS)and partial receiver operating characteristics(Partial ROc).From the results,*** was more a secondary species in the Guinean climatic zone and part of the Sudanian-Guinean and Sudanian climatic *** projections show a signifi cant decrease in suitable habitats for the species from the two RcP *** a part of the Guinean climatic zone remained suitable and few protected areas will conserve in situ *** the sustainable conservation of ***,it is essential to strengthen the protection of sacred forests located in the Guinean climatic zone.

关键词： Ecological niche modeling climate change Milicia excelsa Benin West Africa

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Methodology for constructing a Short-Term Event Risk Score in Heart Failure Patients

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Applied Mathematics 2018年第8期9卷 954-974页

作者： k.vin Duarte Jean-Marie Monnez Eliane Albuisson cNRS INRIA Institut Elie Cartan de Lorraine Université de Lorraine Nancy France cHRU Nancy INSERM Université de Lorraine CIC Plurithématique Nancy France IUT Nancy-charlemagne Université de Lorraine Nancy France Institut Elie cartan de Lorraine Université de Lorraine CNRS Nancy France cHRU Nancy BIOBASE P&ocirc le S2R Université de Lorraine Nancy France Faculté de Médecine InSciDenS Université de Lorraine Nancy France

We present a methodology for constructing a short-term event risk score in heart failure patients from an ensemble predictor, using bootstrap samples, two different classification rules, logistic regression and linear discriminant analysis for mixed data, continuous or categorical, and random selection of explanatory variables to build individual predictors. We define a measure of the importance of each variable in the score and an event risk measure by an odds-ratio. Moreover, we establish a property of linear discriminant analysis for mixed data. This methodology is applied to EPHESUS trial patients on whom biological, clinical and medical history variables were measured.

关键词： Ensemble Predictor Linear Discriminant Analysis Logistic Regression Mixed Data Scoring Supervised classification

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Water Dynamics combined with a Supply of NPk Solutes and Urea in a 3-Layer Soil Profile under Drip Irrigation

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第11期12卷 1321-1341页

作者： Siguibnoma k.vin Landry Ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom kébré François Zougmoré Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement UFR/ST Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The intensive and inappropriate use of water, fertilizers and phytosanitary products is sources of water and soil pollution. It is thus necessary to improve the management of irrigation water in order to optimize its use and productivity, especially in regions where water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The water flow and non-reactive solutes’ transport simulation under drip irrigation were carried out in a 3-layered soil profile distributed from top to bottom i.e., sandy, sandy-silty, silty-sandy-clay. The aim of this study was thus, to provide a good practice of water management associated with solutes’ application, in order to retain as much solute as possible in the root zone, which will increase the residence time of the solutes. Three treatments of water flux corresponding to 100% ETc, 75% ETc, 50% ETc, combined with 100 mmol /L/ m2 of NPk and 246 mmol/L/m2 of urea applicable in two doses, were carried out over a period of 110 days corresponding to the duration of the cropping cycle for the intermediate variety of maize. The 100% ETc and 75% ETc treatments cause more loss of water and solutes, because of the sandy texture of the soil. However, a 50% ETc water flux would reduce more water loss through drainage, and solutes’ loss due to leaching beyond the root zone, which would increase the residence time of solutes in the soil profile. Application tests of the NPk solute on different days before the 15th day after sowing were also carried out according to the technical itinerary for maize production in Burkina Faso, in order to find a favorable day for application of the solute. For the different dates of solute’s application, there was more loss of the solute as we approach the 15th day after sowing. To limit this loss and i

关键词： Drip Irrigation Hydrus 1D Solute and Water Management Residence Time

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sTREM-1 is a specific biomarker of TREM-1 pathway activation

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第8期18卷 2054-2056页

作者： Lucie Jolly k.vin carrasco Margarita Salcedo-Magguilli Jean-Jacques Garaud Simon lambden Tom van der Poll Alexandre Mebazaa Pierre-François Laterre Sebastien Gibot Amir Boufenzer Marc Derive Inotrem Vandœuvre-lès-NancyFrance Division of Infectious Diseases Amsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Intensive care Unit Saint Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal University HospitalAssistance Publique Hôpitaux de Parisand Universitéde ParisInserm MASCOTParisFrance Intensive care Unit UniversitéCatholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium Intensive care Unit CHRU de Nancyand Universitéde LorraineNancyFrance

TREM-1(triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1)is a transmembrane receptor expressed by innate immune cells,including endothelial cells and ***-1 is a crucial mediator of septic shock that acts by synergizing with Toll-like receptors(TLRs)to amplify the inflammatory responses to pathogens,thus promoting sepsis-induced immune dysregulation and organ dysfunction[1,2,3].

关键词： immune myeloid activation

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Unveiling an important interaction in forestry:Ectomyelois muriscis and khaya grandifoliola cankers and tree growth

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1287-1293页

作者： Lísias coelho AndréRTerra Nascimento Jean carlos Santos vinícius Flabes Silva Instituto de ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de UberlandiaUberlandiaBrazil Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de UberlandiaUberlandiaBrazil Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de SergipeSergipeBrazil

African mahogany,khaya grandifoliola ***.,is the most planted mahogany species in Brazil,and became the choice species when plantations of Brazilian mahogany,Swietenia macrophyla king became unsustainable due to their susceptibility to the shoot borer Hypsipyla grandella *** study evaluated plantation growth and the occurrence of cankers associated with Ectomyelois muriscis Dyar *** recorded plantation volume,survival,and canker incidence of a plantation established in 2010 at 6 m×5.5 m *** were collected and reared on canker bark fragments until final adult *** were frequently associated with Ectomyelois muriscis *** average incidence of the moth(2.9%)was not a significant concern,however,an extreme incidence of 45%would indicate that management strategies should be *** is the first report of Ectomyelois muriscis attacking the bark of khaya grandifoliola in the cerrado biome.

关键词： African mahogany Stem cankers Potential pest Stand growth

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Physico-chemical characterization of Wood Ash for Agronomic Purposes

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Journal of Agricultural chemistry and Environment 2024年第2期13卷 235-250页

作者： Ayi k.vin Ajavon Bassaï Magnoudéwa Bodjona Diyakadola Dihéénane Bafai Laboratory Waste Management Treatment and Recovery (GTVD) Faculty of Sciences University of Lome Lome Togo

The oil refinery of the food products company SOPAL, located in the port area of TOGO, produces an average of 200 kg of eucalyptus wood ash per day. This ash is stored in large quantities within the premises of the refinery, without any disposal solution. The aim of this study is to identify the physico-chemical properties of SOPAL’s wood ash for agronomic valorization. Physico-chemical analyses reveal the presence of major and secondary elements such as potassium (15.71 g/kg DM), phosphorus (27.90 g/kg DM), calcium (9.76 g/kg DM), magnesium (0.03 g/kg DM), sodium (1.24 g/kg DM), iron (1.49 g/kg DM) and manganese (7.82 g/kg DM). The pH is alkaline (12.97) with fairly high conductivity (24.10 mS/cm). Heavy metals identified are cobalt (0.19 mg/kg DM), cadmium (0.10 mg/kg DM), lead (1.14 mg/kg DM), copper (19.77 mg/kg DM) and nickel (12.82 mg/kg DM). The results show that the ash contains considerable amount of major and secondary elements for agronomic uses.

关键词： Industry Wood Ash Heavy Metals Valorization

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Emotional context Distorts Both Time and Space in children

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第9期10卷 371-385页

作者： Julie Fonseca cruz k.vin Vidaud-Laperrière claire Brechet Pom charras EA 4556 EPSYLON Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Univercity Montpellier Montpellier France cHU Montpellier University of Montpellier Saint Eloi Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (MPEA1) Montpellier France

According to a generalized magnitude system, the representation of time, space and number relies on a common cognitive mechanism. However, in the context of negative emotional stimuli, temporal durations undergo a subjective overestimation, while numerosity judgments are underestimated. This finding clearly challenged the existence of a generalized magnitude system. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether angry faces biases both temporal and spatial estimates compared to neutral faces in children aged 5 - 6-year-old and 9 - 10-year-old. children were to judge as short or long either the temporal interval or the distance separating two visual stimuli in a bisection task. Overall, the study suggests that negative emotion with high arousal (angry faces) leads to a distortion of both duration and distance. Such distortion is reported early in development, even before the maturation of time perception.

关键词： Emotion Time Space children AToM

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New patterns of the tree beta diversity and its determinants in the largest savanna and wetland biomes of South America

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Plant Diversity 2023年第4期45卷 369-384页

作者： karla J.P.Silva-Souza Maíra G.Pivato vinícius c.Silva Ricardo F.Haidar Alexandre F.Souza Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteRNBrazil curso de Engenharia Ambiental Universidade Federal do TocantinsTOBrazil

clear and data-driven bioregionalizations can provide a framework to test hypotheses and base biodiversity *** we used occurrence and abundance data in combination with objective analytical methods to propose two bioregionalization schemes for tree species of the cerrado and the Pantanal in South *** also evaluated the contribution of three sets of determinants of the occurrence-and abundance-based *** compiled data on tree species composition from 894 local assemblages based on species occurrences,and from 658 local assemblages based on species *** used an unconstrained community-level modelling approach and clustering techniques to identify and map tree subregions for the occurrence and the abundance data sets,*** clustering analyses were conducted to investigate floristic affinities between the subregions and to map broader floristic *** used multinomial logistic regression models,deviance partitioning,and rank-sum tests to assess the main subregion *** identified 18 occurrence-and four abundance-based subregions in the *** hierarchical classifications grouped the occurrence-based subregions into nine floristic zones and abundance-based subregions into two broad floristic *** in subregions were explained mainly by environmental factors and spatial structure in both occurrence and abundance data *** occurrence-and abundance-based subregions are complementary approaches to disentangle macroecological patterns and to plan conservation efforts in the cerrado and the *** findings based on occurrence data revealed more complex and interdigitated boundaries between subregions of tree species than previously *** environment,historical stability,and human effects act in a synergetic way on the distribution of the ***,the relevance of contemporary environmental factors to the subregion patterns we found alert us to the profound im

关键词： cerrado Pantanal Savanna Biogeographical regionalization Biodiversity hotspot South America

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