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Optical and Microstructural Characterisations of Pulsed rf Magnetron Sputtered Alumina Thin Film

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第10期29卷 929-936页

作者： I.Neelakanta Reddy v.Rajagopal Reddy N.Sridhara S.Basavaraja A.k.sharma Arjun Dey Thermal Systems Group ISRO Satellite CentreVimanapura Post Department of Physics Sri Venkateswara University Bruker India Nanotechnology Laboratory Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientifc Research (JNCASR)

Alumina thin films were deposited on fused quartz and SS304 substrate by pulsed rf magnetron sputtering with both direct and reactive methods. The films were characterised by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to reveal the microstructure, surface morphology and topography of thin films. Transmittance and reflectance of alumina thin film were evaluated after deposition on the quartz substrate. Transmittance of the quartz remains almost un-altered when alumina was deposited by the reactive sputtering. A marginal decrease of ~4% in the transmittance of quartz was, however, observed after deposition of alumina by direct sputtering. Infrared emittance of the substrate also remains almost constant after deposition of thin alumina film. Further, as-deposited alumina on SS304 obtained by both direct and reactive sputtering process was amorphous in nature. However, after annealing crystalline peaks were observed.

关键词： Alumina Thin film rf magnetron sputtering Microstructure Transmittance Reflectance Infrared emissivity

Corrosion behavior of ultrafine-grained AA2024 aluminum alloy produced by cryorolling

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第11期24卷 1293-1305页

作者： P. Laxman Mani kanta v.C. Srivastava k. venkateswarlu sharma Paswan B. Mahato Goutam Das k. Sivaprasad k. Gopala krishna Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Thiruchirappalli 620015 India National Metallurgical Laboratory Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Jamshedpur 831007 India National Aerospace Laboratories Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Bangalore 560017 India

The objectives of this study were to produce ultrafine-grained(UFG) AA2024 aluminum alloy by cryorolling followed by aging and to evaluate its corrosion behavior. Solutionized samples were cryorolled to ~85% reduction in thickness. Subsequent aging resulted in a UFG structure with finer precipitates of Al_2CuMg in the cryorolled alloy. The(1) solutionized and(2) solutionized and cryorolled samples were uniformly aged at 160°C/24 h and were designated as CGPA and CRPA, respectively; these samples were subsequently subjected to corrosion studies. Potentiodynamic polarization studies in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution indicated an increase in corrosion potential and a decrease in corrosion current density for CRPA compared to CGPA. In the case of CRPA, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies indicated the presence of two complex passive oxide layers with a higher charge transfer resistance and lower mass loss during intergranular corrosion tests. The improved corrosion resistance of CRPA was mainly attributed to its UFG structure, uniform distribution of fine precipitates, and absence of coarse grain-boundary precipitation and associated precipitate-free zones as compared with the CGPA alloy.

关键词： AA2024 alloy cryorolling ultrafine grains precipitation corrosion behavior

Axial variations in anatomical properties and basic density of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid(Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla)clones

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 739-744页

作者： S. k. sharma S. R. Shukla S. Shashikala v. Sri Poornima Wood Properties and Engineered Wood Division Institute of Wood Science and Technology P.O. MalleswaramBangalore 560 003 India

We studied two clones of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid （Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla）, GR283 and GR330, grown in Tumkur district of kamataka （India）, and felled 5-6 years old three trees of each clone. We recorded axial variations in heartwood content, bark properties, wood density and anatomical characteristics of wood in- cluding fibre length, fibre diameter, fibre wall thickness, lumen diameter, vessel frequency, vessel diameter and vessel element length. Clone GR283 had about 10 % heartwood, significantly lower than for clone GR330 （37 %）. Basic wood density along the tree height varied significantly within and between the clones. We observed significant variations in fibre length, fibre diameter and wall thickness within and between the two clones. vessel frequency and vessel element length did not vary but vessel diameter differed significantly between the clones. With a greater proportion of sapwood, clone GR283 can be uti- lized for paper and pulp applications. Clone GR330 had a higher proportion of heartwood and lower wood density and, hence, is more suitable for light-weight material applications.

关键词： Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptusgrandis × E. urophylla) Fibre characteristics - vesselcharacteristics - Wood density Bark density

Recent Advances in Dissecting Stress-Regulatory Crosstalk in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 250-260页

作者： Rita sharma David De vleesschauwer Manoj k. sharma Pamela C. Ronald Department of Plant Pathology and Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94710 USA Laboratory of Phytopathology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University B-9000 Ghent Belgium Department of Plant Molecular Systems Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute Kyung Hee University Yongin 446-701 Korea

Biotic and abiotic stresses impose a serious limitation on crop productivity worldwide. Prior or simultaneous exposure to one type of stress often affects the plant response to other stresses, indicating extensive overlap and cross-talk between stress-response signaling pathways. Systems biology approaches that integrate large genomic and prot-eomic data sets have facilitated identification of candidate genes that govern this stress-regulatory crosstalk. Recently, we constructed a yeast two-hybrid map around three rice proteins that control the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, namely the immune receptor XA21, which confers resistance to the Gram-negative bacterium, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; NH1, the rice ortholog of NPR1, a key regulator of systemic acquired resistance; and the ethylene-responsive transcription factor, SUBIA, which confers tolerance to submergence stress. These studies coupled with transcriptional profiling and co-expression analyses identified a suite of proteins that are positioned at the interface of biotic and abiotic stress responses, including mitogen-activated protein kinase 5 （OsMPk5）, wall-associated kinase 25 （WAk25）, sucrose non-fermenting-l-related protein kinase-1 （SnRk1）, SUBIA binding protein 23 （SAB23）, and several WRkY family tran- scription factors. Emerging evidence suggests that these genes orchestrate crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stresses through a variety of mechanisms, including regulation of cellular energy homeostasis and modification of synergistic and/or antagonistic interactions between the stress hormones salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid.

关键词： abiotic biotic crosstalk defense response hormone systems biology stress.

Design and evaluation of Swift routing for payment channel network

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第2期5卷 62-72页

作者： Neeraj sharma kalpesh kapoor v.Anirudh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039AssamIndia

Payment Channel Networks(PCNs)are a promising alternative to improve the scalability of a blockchain network.A PCN employs off-chain micropayment channels that do not need a global block confirmation procedure,thereby sacrificing the ability to confirm transactions *** uses a routing algorithm to identify a path between two users who do not have a direct channel between them to settle a *** performance of most of the existing centralized path-finding algorithms does not scale with network *** rapid growth of Bitcoin PCN necessitates considering distributed ***,the existing decentralized algorithms suffer from resource *** present a decentralized routing algorithm,Swift,focusing on fee *** concept of a secret path is used to reduce the path length between a sender and a receiver to optimize the ***,we reduce a network structure into combinations of cycles to theoretically study fee optimization with changes in cloud *** secret path also helps in edge load sharing,which results in an improvement of *** routing achieves up to 21%and 63%in fee and throughput optimization,*** results from the simulations follow the trends identified in the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Blockchain Payment channel networks Bitcoin Lightning network Routing protocols Layer 2 protocols

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

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World Journal of virology 2025年第1期14卷 108-117页

作者： Sanjay k Thakur Anil k Sinha Santosh k sharma Aarzoo Jahan Dinesh k Negi Ruchika Gupta Sompal Singh Regional Blood Transfusion Centre Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAra 802301BiharIndia Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Pathology Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Cytopathology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACkGROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood *** India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBv),hepatitis C virus(HCv),human immunodeficiency virus(HIv)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood ***,HCv,HBv,and HIv are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIv/HCv and HIv/*** highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic ***,millions of blood donations take place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood *** To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBv,HCv,HIv I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor *** The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,*** included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp *** for HIv,HBv,and HCv were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card *** prevalence of HBv,HCv,HIv,and syphilis,expressed as *** in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).RESULTS The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in *** overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBv,HCv,HIv-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,***-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the l

关键词： Blood donors Transfusion transmissible infections Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Malaria parasite Syphilis

Spectroscopic investigations and luminescence spectra of Sm3+ doped soda lime silicate glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第5期27卷 773-780页

作者： Y.k. sharma S.S.L. Surana R.k. Singh Department of Physics Govt. Post Graduate College Rudrapur 263153 (U S Nagar) India Department of Physics J. N. V. University Jodhpur-342001 India Department of Physics Govt. Post Graduate College Rudrapur 263153 (U S Nagar) India

Sm3+ doped soda lime silicate glasses co-doped with As2O3 were prepared and characterised by measuring their absorption spectra in Uv-vIS/NIR regions and luminescence spectra in the visible region. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters, Ωλ, were evaluated from the measured intensities of the various absorption bands. Ωλ parameters of these glasses were compared with the Ωλ parameters of other reported Sm3+ glasses to study the bonding environment surrounding the Sm3+ in the present glasses. Presence of [AsO4]3– tetrahedra in the second coordination sphere around the central Sm3+ ion made these glasses less covalent as compared to other oxide glasses but the ratio Ω4/Ω6 of the 1.83 indicated them to be fairly stable. With the help of Ωλ parameters and luminescence data for various emission lines, radiative properties for different emission lines were calculated. The values of radiative properties indicated that 4G5/2→6H7/2 and 4G5/2→6H9/2 transitions responsible for orange luminescence might be used in the development of materials for LED's and other optical devices in the visible region.

关键词： rare earth glasses Judd-Ofelt theory absorption spectroscopy luminescence

Internal hernia as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction:An insight from 13 years of experience

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 21-27页

作者： Payal kaw Anu Behari Supriya sharma Ashok kumar Rajneesh k Singh Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014UPIndia

BACkGROUND Internal hernia(IH)is a rare culprit of small bowel obstruction(SBO)with an incidence of<1%.It poses a considerable diagnostic challenge requiring a high index of suspicion to prevent misdiagnosis,improper ... 详细信息

BACkGROUND Internal hernia(IH)is a rare culprit of small bowel obstruction(SBO)with an incidence ofvent misdiagnosis,improper treatment,and subsequent morbidity and *** To determine the clinico-demographic profile,radiological and operative findings,and postoperative course of patients with IH and its association with *** Medical records of 586 patients with features of SBO presenting at a tertiary care centre at Lucknow,India between September 2010 and August 2023 were *** Out of 586 patients,7(1.2%)were diagnosed with *** these,4 had congenital IH and 3 had acquired *** male-to-female ratio was 4:*** median age at presentation was 32 ***-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)was the most reliable investigation for preoperative identification,demonstrating mesenteric whirling and clumped-up bowel *** paraduodenal hernia and transmesenteric hernia occurred with an equal frequency(approximately 43%each).Intraoperatively,one patient was found to have bowel ischemia and one had associated malrotation of *** follow-up,no recurrences were *** IH,being a rare cause,must be considered as a differential diagnosis for SBO,especially in young patients in their 30s or with unexplained abdominal pain or discomfort post-surgery.A rapid imaging evaluation,preferably with CECT,is necessary to aid in an early diagnosis and prompt intervention,thereby reducing financial burden related to unnecessary investigations and preventing the morbidity and mortality associated with closed-loop obstruction and strangulation of the bowel.

关键词： Paraduodenal hernia Internal hernia Mesenteric whirling Bowel obstruction Computed tomography

Effect of corrosion behavior of cast and extruded Zk60 magnesium alloys processed via friction extrusion

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第9期12卷 3553-3573页

作者： A.sharma v.Beura D.Zhang J.Darsell S.Niverty v.Prabhakaran N.Overman D.R.Herling v.Joshi k.Solanki School for Engineering of Matter Transportand EnergyArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWAUSA

The increasing demand for high-strength,corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys in transportation has led to the development of new processing *** this work,cast and extruded Zk60 magnesium alloys were processed using the innovative solid-phase process,Friction Extrusion(FE).The microstructure was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS),showing a marked reduction in grain size,uniform solute distribution(Zn and Zr),and second phases after FE ***,optical micrographs and Electron Backscatter Diffraction(EBSD)were employed to further evaluate the alloy *** corro-sion resistance and electrochemical behavior were analyzed using potentiodynamic polarization,Scanning Electrochemical Cell Impedance Microscopy(SECCIM),and atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry analysis(AESEC).Time evolution surface imaging and post-corrosion microstructures were also analyzed to support the understanding of underlying corrosion *** initiation and propagation in FE-processed samples followed grain boundary patterns,differing from cast and extruded Zk60 *** measurements and in-situ time-dependent optical imaging demonstrated that FE processing enhanced corrosion potential,reduced corrosion current,and increased cathodic ***,FE processing reduced the disparity in pitting potential between cast and extruded samples,resulting in intermediate pitting *** Mg and lower Zn dissolution was observed in the lower anodic currents for FE-processed *** aggravated anodic current cycles,Mg dissolution equalized,but the Zn/Mg dissolution ratio increased for FE-processed extruded samples,suggesting less cathodic activation and better resistance to further pitting.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Corrosion Atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry analysis Scanning electron microscopy