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Sagittal crest morphology decoupled from relative bite performance in Pleistocene tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)

Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 254-277页

作者： Lisa VAN LINDEN kim STOOPS Larissa C.C.S.DuMBÁ Mario A.COZZuOL Jamie A.MACLAREN Functional Morphology Lab Department of BiologyCampus Drie EikenUniversiteit AntwerpenAntwerpenBelgium Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil Evolution and Diversity Dynamics Lab Department of GeologyUniversitéde LiègeQuartier AgoraLiègeBelgium

Bite force is often associated with speciﬁc morphological features,such as sagittal *** presence of a pro-nounced sagittal crest in some tapirs(Perissodactyla:Tapiridae)was recently shown to be negatively correlated with hard-object feeding,in contrast with similar cranial structures in *** aim of this study was to investi-gate bite forces and sagittal crest heights across a wide range of modern and extinct tapirs and apply a comparative investigation to establish whether these features are correlated across a broad phylogenetic *** examined a sample of 71 specimens representing 15 tapir species(5 extant,10 extinct)using the dry-skull method,linear measurements of cranial features,phylogenetic reconstruction,and comparative *** were found to ex-hibit variation in bite force and sagittal crest height across their phylogeny and between different biogeographical realms,with high-crested morphologies occurring mostly in Neotropical *** highest bite forces within tapirs appear to be driven by estimates for the masseter–pterygoid muscle complex,rather than predicted forces for the temporalis *** results demonstrate that relative sagittal crest height is poorly correlated with relative cranial bite force,suggesting high force application is not a driver for pronounced sagittal crests in this *** divergent biomechanical capabilities of different contemporaneous tapirids may have allowed multiple species to occupy overlapping territories and partition resources to avoid excess *** forces in tapirs peak in Pleistocene species,independent of body size,suggesting possible dietary shifts as a potential result of climatic changes during this epoch.

关键词： biogeography dry-skull method herbivory mastication niche partitioning Pleistocene

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A gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the duodenum masquerading as a pancreatic head tumor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第24期13卷 3396-3399页

作者： Sung Ho kwon Hee Jeong Cha Seok Won Jung Byung Chul kim Jae Serk Park In Du Jeong Jong Hwa Lee Yang Won Nah Sung Jo Bang Jung Woo Shin Neung Hwa Park Do Ha kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan Korea Department of Pathology University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan Korea Department of Radiology University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan Korea Department of Surgery University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Ulsan Korea

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents the most common kind of mesenchymal tumor that arises from the alimentary tract. GIST is currently defined as a gastrointestinal tract mesenchymal tumor showing CD117 (c-kit protein) positivity at immunohistochemistry. Throughout the whole length of the gastrointestinal tract, GIST arises most commonly from the stomach followed by the small intestine, the colorectum, and the esophagus. Only 3%-5% of GISTs occur in the duodenum, and especially, if GIST arises from the C loop of the duodenum, it can be difficult to differentiate from the pancreas head mass because of its anatomical proximity. Here, we report a case of duodenal GIST, which was assessed as a pancreatic head tumor preoperatively.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromall tumor Duodenum Pancreas head tumor

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Defect-Detection Model for underground Parking Lots using Image Object-Detection Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2493-2507页

作者： Hyun k.u Shin Si Woon Lee Goo Pyo Hong Lee Sael Sang Hyo Lee Ha Young kim Architectural Engineering Hanyang UniversityERICAAnsan15588Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence Ajou UniversitySuwon16499Korea Division of Architecture and Civil Engineering Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Korea Division of Smart Convergence Engineering Hanyang UniversityERICAAnsan15588Korea Graduate School of Information Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea

The demand for defect diagnoses is gradually gaining ground owing to the growing necessity to implement safe inspection methods to ensure the durability and quality of ***,conventional manpower-based inspection methods not only incur considerable cost and time,but also cause frequent disputes regarding defects owing to poor ***,the demand for an effective and efficient defect-diagnosis model for concrete structures is imminent,as the reduction in maintenance costs is significant from a long-term ***,this paper proposes a deep learning-based image objectidentification method to detect the defects of paint peeling,leakage peeling,and leakage traces that mostly occur in underground parking lots made of concrete *** deep learning-based object-detection method can replace conventional visual inspection methods.A faster region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN)model was used with a training dataset of 6,281 images that utilized a region proposal network to objectively localize the regions of interest and detect the surface *** defects were classified according to their type,and the learning of each exclusive model was ensured through test sets obtained from real underground parking *** a result,average precision scores of 37.76%,36.42%,and 61.29%were obtained for paint peeling,leakage peeling,and leakage trace defects,***,this study verified the performance of the faster RCNN-based defect-detection algorithm along with its applicability to underground parking lots.

关键词： Faster R-CNN deep learning defect detection concrete structures

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Prevalence and medical management of erectile ：lysfunction in Asia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第4期13卷 543-549页

作者： kwangsung Park Eu Chang Hwang Sun-Ouck kim Department of urology Chonnam National University Medical School Sexual Medicine Research Center Chonnam National University Gwangju 501-757 Korea

Erectile dysfunction （ED） is an important worldwide health issue that has a significant negative impact on the quality of life and life satisfaction of both the affected individual and his partner. Here we review the prevalence of ED in Asia, associated factors that may influence sexual attitudes and sexual behaviours, and randomized clinical trials （RCTs） of phosphodiesterase-5 （PDE-5） inhibitors to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of PDE-5 inhibitors in Asian men. We searched for English-language articles in MEDLINE and PubMed from January 2000 to September 2010. Our results showed that the overall reported prevalence rate of ED in Asia ranged widely, from 2% to 88%. This finding indicates that ED is a common and major health problem in this region. However, sociocultural and economic factors in Asia prevent people from seeking and obtaining appropriate medical care. We found reports on five kinds of PDE-5 inhibitors for the management of ED.＇ sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, udenafil and mirodenafih The results of RCTs showed that these five PDE-5 inhibitors are more effective than placebo in improving erectile function in Asian men with ED and that these drugs have similar efficacy and safety profiles.

关键词： Asia erectile dysfunction phosphodiesterase inhibitors prevalence

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Materials and extracellular matrix rigidity highlighted in tissue damages and diseases:Implication for biomaterials design and therapeutic targets

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 381-403页

作者： Jae Hee Park Seung Bin Jo Jung-Hwan Lee Hae-Hyoung Lee Jonathan Cknowles Hae-Won kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and Bk21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Cell&Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea uCL Eastman-korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering UCL Eastman Dental InstituteUniversity College LondonRoyal Free HospitalRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PFUnited Kingdom

Rigidity(or stiffness)of materials and extracellular matrix has proven to be one of the most significant extracellular physicochemical cues that can control diverse cell behaviors,such as contractility,motility,and spreading,and the resultant pathophysiological *** 2D materials engineered with tunable rigidity have enabled researchers to elucidate the roles of matrix biophysical cues in diverse cellular events,including migration,lineage specification,and mechanical ***,the recent findings accumulated under 3D environments with viscoelastic and remodeling properties pointed to the importance of dynamically changing rigidity in cell fate control,tissue repair,and disease ***,here we aim to highlight the works related with material/matrix-rigidity-mediated cell and tissue behaviors,with a brief outlook into the studies on the effects of material/matrix rigidity on cell behaviors in 2D systems,further discussion of the events and considerations in tissue-mimicking 3D conditions,and then examination of the in vivo findings that concern material/matrix *** current discussion will help understand the material/matrix-rigidity-mediated biological phenomena and further leverage the concepts to find therapeutic targets and to design implantable materials for the treatment of damaged and diseased tissues.

关键词： Matrix rigidity Biophysical cue Cell and tissue engineering 3D biomaterials conditions Therapeutic targets

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Neurocircuitry of Predatory Hunting

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第5期39卷 817-831页

作者： Zheng-Dong Zhao Li Zhang Xinkuan Xiang Daesoo kim Haohong Li Peng Cao Wei L.Shen School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Boston Children's Hospital Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA National Institute of Biological Sciences(NIBS) Beijing 102206China Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China MoE key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Engineering SciencesHuazhong University of Science and TechnoiogyWuhan 430074China Department of Cognitive Brain Science Korea Advanced Institute of Science&TechnologyDaejeon 34141South Korea MOE Frontier Research Center of Brain&Brain-machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Affiliated Mental Health Centre and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310013China

Predatory hunting is an important type of innate behavior evolutionarily conserved across the animal *** is typically composed of a set of sequential actions,including prey search,pursuit,attack,and *** behavior is subject to control by the nervous *** studies used toads as a model to probe the neuroethology of hunting,which led to the proposal of a sensory-triggered release mechanism for hunting *** recent stud-ies have used genetically-trackable zebrafish and rodents and have made breakthrough discoveries in the neuroethol-ogy and neurocircuits underlying this ***,we review the sophisticated neurocircuitry involved in hunting and summarize the detailed mechanism for the circuitry to encode various aspects of hunting neuroethology,including sensory processing,sensorimotor transformation,motivation,and sequential encoding of hunting *** also discuss the overlapping brain circuits for hunting and feeding and point out the limitations of current *** propose that hunting is an ideal behavioral paradigm in which to study the neuroethology of motivated behaviors,which may shed new light on epidemic disorders,including bingeeating,obesity,and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

关键词： Predatory hunting Neurocircuits Sensory processing Sensorimotor transformation Appetitive motivation Sequential encoding

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THE COHESIVE NATuRE OF THE LATE RAMESSIDE LETTERS

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2014年第1期29卷 36-49页

作者： kim Ridealgh university of East Anglia

*** When addressing language cohesion,an attempt must be made to identify how language is used to create cohesive and coherent communication,or how one utterance follows *** Labov describes the task at hand,stating that‘the fundamental problem of discourse analysis1is to show how one utterance follows another in a rational,rule governed manner—in other words,how

关键词： discourse cohesion utterance letters coherent atte

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The Impacts of Nonnative Japanese Eelgrass (<i>Zostera japonica</i>) on Commercial Shellfish Production in Willapa Bay, WA

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 625-633页

作者： kim Patten Long Beach Research and Extension unit Washington State University Long Beach WA USA

Eelgrass species worldwide are valued for the ecosystem service they provide to estuarine and marine habitats. One species, Zostera japonica, however, has some negative impacts outside its native range and is considered invasive. In Willapa Bay WA, uSA, the nonnative eelgrass has expanded to the level where the shellfish industry is concerned about its potential impacts on its livelihood. Studies were conducted using paired plots, Z. japonica controlled with the herbicide imazamox vs. untreated controls, to assess the effects of Z. japonica on Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Recruitment of new Manila clams was not affected by Z. japonica. The growth of young clams, total commercial clam harvests, clam quality and clam harvest efficiency, however, were greater on plots where Z. japonica was chemically controlled than where it was not treated. The response of oysters to Z. japonica control varied by site;there was no effect at one site, while the other sites had a 15% increase in shucked meat with Z. japonica control. The potential economic impact of a Z. japonica infestation of a shellfish bed was ~$47,000 ha-1 for Manila clams and $4000 ha-1 for oysters for each crop harvest cycle.

关键词： Shellfish Aquaculture Invasive Eelgrass Manila Clams Pacific Oyster

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Role of oregano and Citrus species-based essential oil preparation for the control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1089-1097页

作者： Francisco Xavier Gordillo Jaramillo Da-Hye kim Sang Hyeok Lee Sun-kwan kwon Rajesh Jha k.ung-Woo Lee Department of Animal Science and Technology Konkuk University120 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul 05029Republic of Korea Harim Bio Research Center Jeilfeed Co.LTD136 Techno2-roYuseong-guDeajeon-si 34025Republic of Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agricultural and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:Due to presence of drug-resistant Eimeria strains and raised public health safety concerns about drug residues in the meat,there is renewed interest in the search for natural alternatives to the coccidiosis control *** study was conducted to test the anticoccidial efficacy of oregano and Citrus spp.-based essential oils for ***:A total of 2807-day-old broiler chicks were fed a control diet or diets with salinomycin or essential oils for up to 35 d of *** d 14,half of the control groups and the treated groups were orally challenged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 25 times higher than the recommended vaccine *** diet-fed chickens that were gavaged with phosphate-buffered saline were considered non-challenged control ***:Eimeria challenge or dietary additives failed to affect growth performance during the 7 to 20 d growth period although essential oil-fed chickens exhibited the lowest body wight gain(P=0.332)and the highest feed conversion ratio(P=0.062).Oocysts in the litter were detected in the challenged control diet group and the challenged/essential oil-fed groups at 21 and 35 d,*** dismutase activity in the serum was elevated(P=0.059)in the salinomycin-fed chickens compared to the challenged ***-1-acid glycoprotein was decreased by 28.7%in the salinomycin-fed chickens but increased by 38.1%in the essential oil group compared with the challenged control *** control group exhibited a significantly higher cooking loss of the thigh meat,compared to the non-challenged control diet group,which was marginally mitigated by dietary supplementation with essential *** fed essential oil-added diet had the highest branched-chain fatty acids contents in the ***:In conclusion,this study shows that oregano and Citrus-based essential oil preparation did not affect growth performance in broiler chickens challenged with the coccidiosis vaccine nor did Eimeria-spec

关键词： Broiler chickens Coccidiosis Essential oils Growth performance Salinomycin

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Human Gait Recognition Based on Sequential Deep Learning and Best Features Selection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5123-5140页

作者： Ch Avais Hanif Muhammad Ali Mughal Muhammad Attique khan usman Tariq Ye Jin kim Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Science Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharaj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

Gait recognition is an active research area that uses a walking theme to identify the subject *** Gait Recognition(HGR)is performed without any cooperation from the ***,in practice,it remains a challenging task.under diverse walking sequences due to the covariant factors such as normal walking and walking with wearing a ***,over the years,have worked on successfully identifying subjects using different techniques,but there is still room for improvement in accuracy due to these covariant *** paper proposes an automated model-free framework for human gait recognition in this *** are a few critical steps in the proposed ***,optical flow-based motion region esti-mation and dynamic coordinates-based cropping are *** second step involves training a fine-tuned pre-trained MobileNetV2 model on both original and optical flow cropped frames;the training has been conducted using static *** third step proposed a fusion technique known as normal distribution serially *** the fourth step,a better optimization algorithm is applied to select the best features,which are then classified using a Bi-Layered neural *** publicly available datasets,CASIA A,CASIA B,and CASIA C,were used in the experimental process and obtained average accuracies of 99.6%,91.6%,and 95.02%,*** proposed framework has achieved improved accuracy compared to the other methods.

关键词： Human gait recognition optical flow deep learning features fusion feature selection

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