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Substrate temperature Dependent Properties of Cu Doped NiO Films Deposited by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2013年第7期29卷 647-651页

作者： Yarraguntla Ashok kumar reddy Akepati Sivasankar reddy Pamanji Sreedhara reddy Department of Physics Sri Venkateswara UniversityTirupathi 517502India Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Kongju National UniversityBudaedongCheonan CitySouth Korea

the NiO-Cu composite films were deposited on a glass substrate at various substrate temperatures by DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique. the effect of substrate temperature on the structural, optical, morphological and electrical properties of the films was mainly investigated. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that when the substrate temperature increased to above 200 ℃, the preferred orientation tended to move to another preferred site from （220） to （111） and had a band gap values increased with increasing substrate observed that the grain size and root mean square stable cubic structure. the optical transmittance and temperature. From the morphological studies, it was roughness were increased with increasing substrate temperature. the electrical resistivity of the film decreased to 0.017 Ωcm at high substrate temperature of 400 ℃.

关键词： Sputtering NiO-Cu composite films Substrate temperature Crystallite size Electrical resistivity

Properties of Al_2O_3-Sm_2O_3-CeO_2 electrolyte

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2012年第6期22卷 1486-1494页

作者： S.RAMESH k.C.J.RAJU C.V.reddy School of Physics University of HyderabadHyderabad 500046India Department of Physics Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Cel-xSmxO2 （x=0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3） and Sm-doped ceria＋（2%-8%）Al2O3 were synthesized through sol-gel process followed by low temperature combustion. the synthesis, structure, densification, conductivity and thermal expansion were studied, and the structure and phase were confirmed by XRD. Dense ceramics were obtained through sintering the pellets at 1300 ℃. 2% and 4% Al2O3 were added into Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 to promote the densification at 1250 ℃. the surface morphology of the sintered pellets was analyzed using SEM. A two-probe AC impedance spectroscopy was used to study the total ionic conductivity.

关键词： sol-gel process XRD-rietveld impedance spectroscopy ionic conductivity electrolyte ceramics

Interactive effects of carbon dioxide, low temperature, and ultrav｜olet-B radiation on cotton seedling root and shoot morphology and growth

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 607-620页

作者： David BRAND Chathurika WIJEWARDANA Wei GAO k. Raja reddy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Starkwille MS 39762 USA USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Program Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory and Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

Interactive effects of multiple environmental stresses are predicted to have a negative effect on cotton growth and development and these effects will be exacerbated in the future climate. the objectives of this study were to test the hypothesis that cotton cultivars differ in their responses to multiple environmental factors of （CO2） [400 and 750 μ*** 1 （＋（CO2）], temperature [28/20 and 20/12℃ （-t）], and UV-B radiation [0 and 10 kJ. m2. d ^-1（＋ UV- B）]. A genetic and molecular standard （tM-1） and three modern cotton cultivars （DP1522B2XE PHY496W3R, and St4747GLB2） were grown in eight sunlit, controlled environment chambers with control treatment 400 μ***^-1 [CO2], 28/21℃ temperature, and 0 kJ UV B. the results showed significant differences among the cultivars for most of the shoot and root parameters. Plants grown under low temperature alone or as a combination with ＋ UV B treatment caused more detrimental effects on root and shoot vigor. Although the elevated CO2 treatments weakened the damaging effects of higher UV-B levels on cotton growth on all cultivars, increased CO2 could not mask the negative effects of low temperature. When comparing all cultivars, genetic standard tM-1 produced the smallest values for the majority of traits under CO2, UV-B, and low temperature either alone or in combination with other treatments. Based on principal component analysis, the four cultivars were classified as tolerant （DP1522B2XF）, intermediate （PHY496W3R and St4747GLB2） and sensitive （tM-1） to multiple environmental *** temperature was identified as the most damaging treatment to cotton early seedling vigor while elevated CO2 caused the least. Existing variability of cotton cultivars in response tomultiple environmental stresses could allow for selection of cultivars with the best coping ability and higher lint yield for future climate change environments.

关键词： Cotton Climate change winRHIZO Princi-pal component analysis. Stress tolerance.

Welding of nickel free high nitrogen stainless steel: Microstructure and mechanical properties

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2017年第2期13卷 59-71页

作者： Raffi Mohammed G.Madhusudhan reddy k.Srinivasa Rao Department of Metallurgical Engineering Andhra University Visakhapatnam India Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory Hyderabad India

High nitrogen stainless steel(HNS) is a nickel free austenitic stainless steel that is used as a structural component in defence applications for manufacturing battle tanks as a replacement of the existing armour grade steel owing to its low cost, excellent mechanical properties and better corrosion *** fusion welding causes problems like nitrogen desorption, solidification cracking in weld zone, liquation cracking in heat affected zone, nitrogen induced porosity and poor mechanical *** above problems can be overcome by proper selection and procedure of joining process. In the present work, an attempt has been made to correlate the microstructural changes with mechanical properties of fusion and solid state welds of high nitrogen steel. Shielded metal arc welding(SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding(GtAW), electron beam welding(EBW) and friction stir welding(FSW) processes were used in the present work. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction were used to characterize microstructural changes. Hardness, tensile and bend tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of welds. the results of the present investigation established that fully austenitic dendritic structure was found in welds of SMAW. Reverted austenite pools in the martensite matrix in weld zone and unmixed zones near the fusion boundary were observed in GtA welds. Discontinuous ferrite network in austenite matrix was observed in electron beam *** recrystallized austenite grain structure was observed in the nugget zone of friction stir *** mechanical properties are obtained in friction stir welds when compared to fusion welds. this is attributed to the refined microstructure consisting of equiaxed and homogenous austenite grains.

关键词： High nitrogen austenitic stainless steel(HNS) Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) Gas tungsten arc welding (GtAW) Electron beam welding (EBW) Friction stir welding (FSW)

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA7075-t651 aluminum alloy thick plates

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第6期25卷 1770-1778页

作者： t.SRINIVASA RAO G.MADHUSUDHAN reddy S.R.kOtESWARA RAO Department of Mechanical Engineering Tagore Engineering College Metal Joining Group Defense Metallurgical Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering SSN College of Engineering

Friction stir butt welding of AA7075-t651 plates with thicknesses of 10 and 16 mm was investigated. Defect-free, full- penetration welds were obtained after careful process parameter selection. While the nuggets in both welds exhibited very fine reerystallized grains, and finer grains were observed in welds made on 10 mm thick plates. Microhardness surveys revealed that significant loss in hardness occurs in the heat-affected zone. the reduction in hardness due to the welding process is higher in the case of welds made on 16 mm thick plates. Welds made on 10 mm thick plates exhibited superior tensile properties compared with those made on 16 mm thick plates. Fracture during tensile test occurred in the heat-affected zone in both cases. tEM images of specimens revealed that the heat-affected zone consisted of widened precipitate-free zones along grain boundaries and partial dissolution of precipitates in the grain interiors. It is concluded that defect-free single pass welds can be made on AA7075-t651 thick plates using friction stir welding and the welds made on 10 mm thick plates exhibit high joint efficiency.

关键词： AA7075-t651 aluminum alloy friction stir welding microstructure mechanical properties

A comparative analysis of unsteady and steady Buongiorno’s Williamson nanoliquid flow over a wedge with slip effects

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1767-1777页

作者： R.Chandra Sekhar reddy P.Sudarsana reddy Department of Mathematics Rajeev Gandhi Memorial Collge of Engineering&TechnologyNandyalA.P.India

Comparison between unsteady and steady MHD Buongiorno’s model Williamson nanoliquid flow through a wedge with slip effects,chemical reaction and radiation is made in this *** and Brownian motion are also considered in this *** similarity variables are presented to transmute the governing PDEs into the set of non-linear *** most widely authenticated finite element method is implemented to analyze these set of ODEs *** behavior of concentration,temperature and velocity sketches for varied values of relevant parameters is numerically calculated and the outcomes are plotted through *** numerical values of dimensionless rates of mass transfer,heat and velocity are also evaluated and depicted through *** is noted that with upsurging values of angle of wedge parameter,the distributions of temperature of the liquid intensify in both steady and unsteady cases.

关键词： Finite element method Chemical reaction Williamson nanoliquid thermophoresis thermal radiation Brownian motion

Characterization and Effect of Using Mahua Oil Biodiesel as Fuel in Compression Ignition Engine

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Journal of thermal Science 2009年第4期18卷 382-384页

作者： N.kapilan t.P.Ashok Babu R.P.reddy Department of Mechanical Engineering NITKSurathkal

there is an increasing interest in India, to search for suitable alternative fuels that are environment friendly. thisled to the choice of Mahua Oil (MO) as one of the main alternative fuels to diesel. In this investigation, MahuaOil Biodiesel (MOB) and its blend with diesel were used as fuel in a single cylinder, direct injection and compressionignition engine. the MOB was prepared from MO by transesterification using methanol and potassiumhydroxide. the fuel properties of MOB are close to the diesel and confirm to the AStM standards. From the enginetest analysis, it was observed that the MOB, B5 and B20 blend results in lower CO, HC and smoke emissionsas compared to diesel. But the B5 and B20 blends results in higher efficiency as compared to MOB. HenceMOB or blends of MOB and diesel (B5 or B20) can be used as a substitute for diesel in diesel engines used intransportation as well as in the agriculture sector.

关键词： Alternative fuel mahua oil biodiesel engine performance

Non-classical continuum theories for solid and fluent continua and some applications

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2019年第1期10卷 28-89,I0003页

作者： k.S.Surana D.Mysore J.N.reddy Mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

this paper presents two specific thermodynamically consistent nonclassical continuum theories for solid and fluent *** first non-classical continuum theory for solid continua incorporates Jacobian of deformation in its entirety in the conservation and the balance laws and the derivation of the constitutive *** second non-classical continuum theory for solid continua considers Jacobian of deformation in its entirety as well as the Cosserat rotations in the conservation and balance laws as well as the constitutive *** first non-classical continuum theory for fluent continua presented here considers velocity gradient tensor in its *** second non-classical continuum theory for fluent continua considers velocity gradient tensor in its entirety as well as Cosserat rotation rates in the derivation of the conservation and balance laws and the constitutive *** the non-classical continuum theories for solid and fluent continua considered here incorporate additional physics of deformation due to rotations and rotation rates compared to classical continuum mechanics,the conservation and balance laws of classical continuum mechanics are shown to require modification as well as a new balance law balance of moment of moments is required to accommodate the new physics due to rotations and rotation ***’s micropolar,micromorphic and microstretch theories,couple stress theories and nonlocal theories are also discussed within the context of the non-classical theories presented here for solid and fluent *** applications of these theories are also discussed.

关键词： Non-classical continuum theories micropolar Jacobian of deformation internal rotations Cosserat rotations Cosserat rotation rates

Pentachlorophenol degradation by Pseudomonas stutzeri CL7 in the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1608-1612页

作者： Santosh kr.karn S.k.Chakrabarty M.S.reddy Department of Biotechnology Thapar University thapar Centre for Industrial Research and Development

A pentachlorophenol （PCP） mineralizing bacterium was isolated from the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CL7. this isolate used PCP as its sole source of carbon and energy and was capable of degrading this compound as indicated by stoichiometric release of chloride and biomass formation. P. stutzeri （CL7） was able to mineralize a high concentration of PCP （600 mg/L） than any previously reported Pseudomonad with PCP as sole carbon source. As the concentration of PCP increased from 50 to 600 mg/L, the reduction in the cell growth was observed and the PCP degradation was more than 90% in all studied concentrations. this isolate was able to remove 66.8% of PCP from the secondary sludge of pulp and paper mill when supplemented with 100 mg/L of PCP and grown for two weeks. this study showed that the removal efficiency of PCP by CL7 was found to be very effective and can be used in PCP remediation of pulp paper mill waste in the environment.

关键词： pentachlorophenol 16S rRNA secondary sludge bioremediation pulp and paper mill