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A systematic review of urban terrorism literature:Root causes,thematic trends,and future directions

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第3期5卷 249-265页

作者： Muhammad Noor E Elahi Mirza Irfan Ahmad rana Departnent of Urban&Regional Planning School of Civil&Environmental Engineering(SCEE) National University of Sciences&Technology(NUST)Sector H-12IslamabadPakistan

Urban terrorism is a significant global concern,prompting extensive scholarly inquiry into its underlying causes and ***,a comprehensive literature review summarizing this body of knowledge is notably ***,this study seeks to address this gap by conducting a thorough examination of existing literature on terrorism,particularly focusing on urban contexts,to identify key patterns and recurring *** study identified 515 research articles using the keywords"urban"and"terrorism"through the Web of Science and Scopus databases.A bibliometric review was conducted,which included a historical background,author keywords,country and institution,citation,and co-citation *** findings revealed an increase in the number of studies on urban terrorism following the 9/11 attacks in the United States,which accounted for the highest number of publications in the *** studies were conducted in government law,international relations,and urban *** analysis revealed that counterterrorism,security,and disasters were more closely linked to *** analysis identified six main themes related to urban spaces and terrorism:tourism,governance,resilience,public health,economy,security,and *** study emphasizes the importance of involving the public in counterterrorism efforts in addition to traditional approaches to addressing urban terrorism.

关键词： Urban terrorism War on terror Intentional hazards Counterterrorism Resilient cities

Assessment of Nanoparticle-Enriched Solvents for Oil Recovery Enhancement

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第11期19卷 2827-2835页

作者： Muayad M.Hasan Firas k.Al-Zuhairi Anfal H.Sadeq rana A.Azeez Department of Petroleum Technology University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology-IraqBaghdadIraq

Solvents are generally used to reduce the viscosity of heavy crude oil and ultimately enhance oil ***,a new method has been introduced where nanoparticles(NPs)are exploited to induce enhanced oil recovery owing to their ability to improve the mobility ratio,dampen the interfacial tension,and alter rock *** study investigated the integration of nano-alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))NPs with an n-hexane *** parti-cular,a Brookfield viscometer has been used to measure the crude oil viscosity and it has been found that NPs can effectively lead to a significant decrease in the overall oil viscosity(70 cp using the solvent only,45 cp when NPs are added).

关键词： Nanotechnology viscosity reduction organic solvents degree of viscosity reduction(DVR) enhanced oil recovery(EOR)

Nano CuO/g-C_3N_4 sheets-based ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced interfacial affinity,antifouling and protein separation performances for water treatment application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 57-69页

作者： Thanigaivelan Arumugham Reshika Gnanamoorthi Amimodu Noel Jacob kaleekkal Dipak rana Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Department of Integrative Biology School of Bioscience and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Industrial Membrane Research Institute University of Ottawa

To improve the interfacial affinity and antifouling properties of polyphenylsulfone(PPSU)membrane, nano CuO/g-C3 N4(g-CN) sheets were synthesized via facile calcination route as one pot synthesis method. The uniformly assembled nanohybrid fillers, CuO on g-CN sheets were confirmed by using XRD, TEM, EDX and FTIR analysis. The non-solvent induced phase inversion technique was used to fabricate the nanohybrid ultrafiltration(UF)membranes by doping different concentration(0.5–1 wt.%) of nano CuO/g-C_3 N_4(g-CN)sheets within the PPSU matrix. The results of contact angle, atomic force microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal that surface structure and physico-chemical properties of nanohybrid membrane plays lead role in solute interaction and rejection compared to bare membrane, M0. Furthermore, the interfacial affinity of membrane was explored in detail via surface free energy, spreading coefficient, wetting tension and reversible work of adhesion analysis. Nanohybrid UF membrane, with 0.5% of the filler(M1)displayed remarkable permeation flux of 202, 131 L/m2/hr for pure water and protein solution, respectively while maintaining a high protein rejection(96%). Moreover, the exceptional dispersion of the nanosheets in the polymer matrix enhanced FRR(79%) and decreased the overall resistance of M1 compared to the pristine membrane(M0). Overall results suggest that the incorporation of nano sheets is a facile modification technique which improves the comprehensive membrane performance and holds a great potential to be further explored for water treatment.

关键词： Ultrafiltration membrane Copper oxide Graphitic carbon nitride Interfacial affinity Antifouling Protein removal

Design and engineering of logic genetic-enzymatic gates based on the activity of the human CYP2C9 enzyme in permeabilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第3期9卷 406-415页

作者： rana Azeem Ashraf Matthias Bureik Mario Andrea Marchisio School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University300072TianjinChina

Gene circuits allow cells to carry out complex functions such as the precise regulation of biological metabolic *** this study,we combined,in the yeast ***,genetic regulatory elements with the enzymatic reactions of the human CYP2C9 and its redox partner CPR on luciferin substrates and *** cells were permeabilized and used as enzyme bags in order to host these metabolic *** engineered three different(genetic)-enzymatic basic Boolean gates(YES,NOT,and N-IMPLY).In the YES and N-IMPLY gates,human CYP2C9 was expressed under the galactose-inducible GAL1 *** carbon monoxide releasing molecule CORM-401 was used as an input in the NOT and N-IMPLY gates to impair CYP2C9 activity through inhibition of the Fe+2-heme prosthetic group in the active site of the human *** study provides a new approach in designing synthetic bio-circuits and optimizing experimental conditions to favor the heterologous expression of human drug metabolic enzymes over their endogenous *** new approach will help study precise metabolic attributes of human P450s.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 Drug metabolism Budding yeast Diclofenac Synthetic biology CORM-401 Boolean gates

The role of functional materials to produce high areal capacity lithium sulfur battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第3期29卷 195-209页

作者： Masud rana Bin Luo Mohammad Rejaul kaiser Ian Gentle Ruth knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland QLDSt Lucia 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO) Manufacturing Business Unit36 Bradfield RoadLindfieldNSW 2070Australia

The lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs) are considered as one of the promising next generation energy storage devices due to the high theoretical specific capacity of sulfur(1675 m Ah g-1), naturally available, low ***, the practical LSBs are impeded by the well-known "shuttle effect" combined with other technical drawbacks. The "shuttle effect" causes rapid capacity decay, severe self-discharging and low active material utilization. The polysulfide(PS) which has lone pair electrons in each sulfur atom is considered as Lewis base and shows strong affinity to various polar, Lewis acid and catenation interactive materials but very weakly interacts with the non-polar conductive carbons. The "shuttle effect" occurs due to the diffusion of high order PS from the cathode to the anode and then low-order PS back to the cathode. The PS is polar and, due to a lone pair of electrons associated with the sulfur atom, is considered a Lewis base. As such, the PS shows a strong affinity with various polar and Lewis acid materials. In addition, a more novel trapping can be performance through a catenation reaction. For LSBs to compete with the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries(LIBs), the LSB areal capacity need to be ~6 m Ah cm-2(which is proportional to sulfur loading). To achieve this target the PS shuttling needs to mitigate, which can be achieved through using functional materials. This review addresses the aforementioned phenomena by considering the PS phase interacts with the various functional materials and how this impacts areal capacity and cycling stability of LSBs.

关键词： Sulfur loading Specific capacity Areal capacity Polysulfides Chemical interaction

RBFk cipher:a randomized butterfly architecture‑based lightweight block cipher for IoT devices in the edge computing environment

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Cybersecurity 2023年第3期6卷 18-36页

作者： Sohel rana M.Rubaiyat Hossain Mondal Joarder kamruzzaman Institute of Information and Communication Technology Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhakaBangladesh Centre for Smart Analytics Federation University AustraliaGippslandVIC 3842Australia

Internet security has become a major concern with the growing use of the Internet of Things(IoT)and edge computing *** though data processing is handled by the edge server,sensitive data is generated and stored by the IoT devices,which are subject to *** most IoT devices have limited resources,standard security algorithms such as AES,DES,and RSA hamper their ability to run *** this paper,a lightweight symmetric key cipher termed randomized butterfly architecture of fast Fourier transform for key(RBFk)cipher is proposed for resource-constrained IoT devices in the edge computing *** butterfly architecture is used in the key scheduling system to produce strong round keys for five rounds of the encryption *** RBFk cipher has two key sizes:64 and 128 bits,with a block size of 64 *** RBFk ciphers have a larger avalanche effect due to the butterfly architecture ensuring strong *** proposed cipher satisfies the Shannon characteristics of confusion and *** memory usage and execution cycle of the RBFk cipher are assessed using the fair evaluation of the lightweight cryptographic systems(FELICS)*** proposed ciphers were also implemented using MATLAB 2021a to test key sensitivity by analyzing the histogram,correlation graph,and entropy of encrypted and decrypted *** the RBFk ciphers with minimal computational complexity provide better security than recently proposed competing ciphers,these are suitable for IoT devices in an edge computing environment.

关键词： Avalanche effects Block ciphers Butterfly architecture Edge computing FELICS IoT Lightweight cryptosystems MATLAB

Bulk etch rates of CR-39 at high etchant concentrations:diffusionlimited etching

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第12期31卷 41-49页

作者： E.M.Awad M.A.rana Mushtaq Abed Al-Jubbori Physics Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityShebin El-KoomMenoufia 32511Egypt MERADD Instrumentation Control and Computer Complex(ICCC)PARAS Building18-KM Multan RoadP.O.ChungLahorePakistan Department of Physics College of Education for Pure SciencesUniversity of MosulMosul 41001Iraq

Systematic CR-39 bulk etching experiments were conducted over a wide range of concentrations(2–30 N)of NaOH-based *** analysis and a deep discussion of the results are presented.A comprehensive nuclear track chemical etching data bank was *** regimes of CR-39 bulk etching were *** I spans etchant concentrations from 2 to 12 *** II spans concentrations from 12 to 25 *** call this the dynamic bulk etching *** III is for concentrations greater than 25 *** this regime,the bulk etch rate is saturated with respect to the etchant *** classification is discussed and *** role of ethanol in NaOH-based etchants is explored and discussed.A parameter called the “reduced bulk etch rate” is defined here,which helps in analyzing the dependence of bulk etching on the amount of ethanol in the *** bulk etch rate shows a natural logarithmic dependence on the density of ethanol in the etchant.

关键词： CR-39 detector Ethanol Bulk etch rate Reduced bulk etch rate Diffusion-limited etching Concentration-limited etching

The role of chemosensory protein 10 in the detection of behaviorally active compounds in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2020年第3期27卷 531-544页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Waris Aneela Younas Muhammad Muzammal Adeel Shuang-Gang Duan Sundas rana Quershi rana Muhammad kaleem Ullah Man-Qun Wang Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management key Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina College of informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

Chemosensory proteins(CSPs)play important roles in insects’chemoreception,although their specific functional roles have not been fully *** this study,we conducted the developmental expression patterns and competitive binding assay as well as knock‐down assay by RNA interference both in vitro and in vivo to reveal the function of NlugCSP10 from the brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(Stål),a major pest in rice *** results showed that NlugCSP10 messenger RNA was significantly higher in males than in females and correlated to gender,development and wing *** fluorescence binding assays revealed that NlugCSP10 exhibited the highest binding affinity with cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate,eicosane,and(+)‐β‐*** assay revealed that eicosane displayed attractant activity,while cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate,similar to(+)‐β‐pinene significantly repelled *** *** of NlugCSP10,which is responsible for cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate binding,significantly disrupted cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate ***,findings of the present study showed that NlugCSP10 could selectively interrelate with numerous volatiles emitted from host plants and these ligands could be designated to develop slow‐release mediators that attract/repel *** and subsequently improve the exploration of plans to control this insect pest.

关键词： behavioral responses chemosensory proteins expression patterns fluorescence competitive binding assays RNA interference

Habitual khat chewing and oral melanoacanthoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第2期11卷 449-455页

作者： Hamad Albagieh Ashwag Aloyouny rana Alshagroud Abdulaziz Alwakeel Shahad Alkait Fatimah Almufarji Ghadeer Almutairi rana Alkhalaf Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science Department College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Basic Dental Science College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Oral Medicine Ministry of HealthTabuk 00000Saudi Arabia Postgraduate College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

BACkGROUND Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chewing has been proven to cause numerous oral tissue changes. However, oral melanoacanthoma triggered by chronic khat chewing is rare. Oral melanoacanthoma is an uncommon, sudden, asymptomatic, benign pigmentation of the oral cavity. Under the microscope, the epithelial layer of the oral mucosa showed dendritic melanocyte proliferation and acanthosis. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chewing as a trigger for oral *** SUMMARY In the current study, we report a case of a 26-year-old male patient with a rare presentation of oral melanoacanthoma triggered by regular khat chewing. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause oral pigmentation. Chewing khat is an extrinsic factor that can cause several diseases, including oral pigmentation. In this case, the definitive diagnosis was oral melanoacanthoma. This diagnosis was made based on the patient’s history, clinical lesion presentation, and microscopic biopsy *** Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chewing causes many oral tissue changes including oral melanoacanthoma. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chewing as a trigger for oral melanoacanthoma.

关键词： Oral melanoacanthoma Oral lesion Qaat chewing Oral pigmentation Brown pigmentation Benign lesion Case report