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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák Ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

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Heating of nanoparticles and their environment by laser radiation and applications

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 78-115页

作者： Victor k.Pustovalov Belarusian National Technical University Pr.Independency65Minsk 220013Belarus

This review considers the fundamental dynamic processes involved in the laser heating of metal nanoparticles and their subsequent *** particular interest are the absorption of laser energy by nanoparticles,the heating of a single nanoparticle or an ensemble thereof,and the dissipation of the energy of nanoparticles due to heat exchange with the *** goal is to consider the dependences and values of the temperatures of the nanoparticles and the environment,their time scales,and other parameters that describe these *** results and analytical studies on the heating of single metal nanoparticles by laser pulses are discussed,including the laser thresholds for initiating subsequent photothermal processes,how temperature inﬂuences the optical properties,and the heating of gold nanoparticles by laser *** studies of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the results of an analytical study of the heating of an ensemble of nanoparticles and the environment by laser radiation are *** methods for nanoparticles under laser heating are considered,including changes in the refractive indices of metals and spectral thermometry of optical scattering of nanoparticles,Raman spectroscopy,the thermal distortion of the refractive index of an environment heated by a nanoparticle,and thermochemical phase transitions in lipid bilayers surrounding a heated *** the sequence of events after radiation absorption and their time scales underlies many applications of *** applicationﬁelds for the laser heating of nanoparticles are reviewed,including thermochemical reactions and selective nanophotothermolysis initiated in the environment by laser-heated nanoparticles,thermal radiation emission by nanoparticles and laser-induced incandescence,electron and ion emission of heated nanoparticles,and optothermal chemical *** of the laser heating of nanoparticles in la

关键词： Nanoparticles laser Heating Modeling Nanothermometry Applications

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High Seebeck Coefficient Thermally Chargeable Supercapacitor with Synergistic Effect of Multichannel Ionogel Electrolyte and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene-Based Composite Electrode

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 367-377页

作者： Zhongming Chen Zhijian Du la Li kai Jiang Di Chen Guozhen Shen School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Chinese PLA General HospitalInstitute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA&Key Laboratory of Digital Hepetobiliary SurgeryChinese PLABeijing 100853China

Thermally chargeable supercapacitors can collect low-grade heat generated by the human body and convert it into electricity as a power supply unit for wearable ***,the low Seebeck coefficient and heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency hinder further *** this paper,we designed a high-performance thermally chargeable supercapacitor device composed of ZnMn_(2)O_(4)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene composites(ZMO@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene)electrode and UIO-66 metal–organic framework doped multichannel polyvinylidene fluoridehexafluoro-propylene ionogel electrolyte,which realized the thermoelectric conversion and electrical energy storage at the same *** thermally chargeable supercapacitor device exhibited a high Seebeck coefficient of 55.4 mV k^(−1),thermal voltage of 243 mV,and outstanding heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency of up to 6.48%at the temperature difference of 4.4 *** addition,this device showed excellent charge–discharge cycling stability at high-temperature differences(3 k)and low-temperature differences(1 k),*** two thermally chargeable supercapacitor units in series,the generated output voltage of 500 mV further confirmed the stability of *** a single device was worn on the arm,a thermal voltage of 208.3 mV was obtained indicating the possibility of application in wearable electronics.

关键词： ionogel electrode Soret effect thermally chargeable supercapacitor Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene UIO-66 MOF

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Adenovirus F40/41 Gastroenteritis-Associated Emphysematous Gastritis:A Case Report

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 93-95页

作者： Maulik k.lathiya Abigail T.la Nou Maria E.Linnaus Susan M.Cullinan Emergency Department Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA General Surgery Department Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA

Emphysematous gastritis(EG)is a rare form of gastritis characterized by gastric wall *** is associated with a high mortality *** case report describes a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation treated with apixaban,prior stroke,and schizoaffective disorder who showed epigastric tenderness on ***,no peritonitis signs were recorded,and laboratory values revealed high lactate levels and the presence of adenovirus F40/*** computed tomography scan showed extensive portal venous gas in the left hepatic lobe of the liver,as well as pneumatosis involving the entire stomach,indicating *** diagnosis was histologically confirmed and initially managed medically,which proved inefficacious,necessitating surgical intervention in the form of a laparotomy and esophagojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y *** case report suggests a potential association between EG and adenovirus F40/41–induced gastroenteritis,thereby emphasizing the challenging nature of *** underscores the need for comprehensive research to enhance our understanding of its underlying causes and effective treatment strategies.

关键词： Emphysema Gastritis Human adenovirus F40/41 Immunocompromised

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Geochemistry and depositional environment of fuchsite quartzites from Sargur Group,western Dharwar Craton,India

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 555-570页

作者： C.S.Sindhuja G.Harshitha C.Manikyamba k.S.V.Subramanyam CSIR(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI) Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

Meso-Neoarchean fuchsite quartzites are present in different stratigraphic positions of Dharwar Craton including the oldest(~3.3 Ga)Sargur Group of western Dharwar *** present study deals with the petro-graphic and geochemical characteristics of the fuchsite quartzites from the Ghattihosahalli belt to evaluate their genesis,depositional setting and the enigma involved in the ancient sedimentation *** major mineral assemblages include quartz,fuchsite,and feldspars along with accessory kyanite and *** geochemical com-positions are characterized by high SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),low MgO,CaO,strongly enriched Cr(1326–6899 ppm),Ba(1165–3653 ppm),Sr(46–210 ppm),V(107–868 ppm)and Zn(11–158 ppm)contents compared to the upper continental crust(UCC).The UCC normalized rare earth element(REE)patterns are characterized by depleted light REE[(la/Sm)UCC=0.33–0.95]compared to heavy REE[(Gd/Yb)_(UCC)=0.42–1.65]with conspicuous positive Eu-anomalies(Eu/Eu^(*)=1.35–18.27)characteristic of hydrothermal solutions evidenced through the interlayered *** overall major and trace element systematics reflect a combined mafic-felsic provenance and suggest their deposition at a passive continental margin *** comprehensivefield,petrographic,and geo-chemical studies indicate that these quartzites are infiltrated by Cr-richfluids released during high-grade metamorphism of associated ultramafic *** Sargur and the subse-quent Dharwar orogeny amalgamated diverse lithounits from different tectonic settings,possibly leading to the release of Cr-richfluids and the formation of fuchsite quartzite during or after the *** sug-gest a pre-existing stable crust prior to the Sargur Group and the link between orogenic events and various mineral deposits in the Dharwar Craton.

关键词： Dharwar Craton Ghattihosahalli Fuchsite quartzite Provenance Depositional setting

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4-1BB transcriptomic expression patterns across malignancies:Implications for clinical trials of 4-1BB agonists

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Cancer Communications 2024年第10期44卷 1168-1172页

作者： Yuji Uehara Shumei kato Daisuke Nishizaki Hirotaka Miyashita Suzanna Lee Mary k.Nesline Sarabjot Pabla Jeffrey M.Conroy Paul DePietro Heidi ko Jason k.Sicklick Razelle kurzrock Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases CenterKomagome HospitalTokyoJapan Department of Precision Cancer Medicine Center for Innovative Cancer TreatmentTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoMoores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUnited States Dartmouth Cancer Center Hematology and Medical OncologyLebanonNew HampshireUnited States labcorp Oncology DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States OmniSeq Incorporation BuffaloNew YorkUnited States Division of Surgical Oncology Department of SurgeryCenter for Personalized Cancer TherapyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUnited States Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center and Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUnited States Department of Oncology Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer CenterMilwaukeeWisconsinUnited States Department of Oncology University of NebraskaOmahaNebraskaUnited States

4-1BB,a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily,is an important co-stimulatory molecule regulating the activity of immune cells across a range of physiological and pathological processes,which culminates in a potent immune response(Figure 1A and B)[1,2].Numerous clinical trials have been conducted utilizing 4–1BB agonists(Supplemental Table S1);however,previous and ongoing 4-1BB agonist trials are being conducted without biomarker selection,which potentially explains their modest ***,several studies suggest the potential value of utilizing transcriptomics in addition to genomics to identify the unique immunologic signature of individual tumors[3–7].

关键词： clinical utilizing Figure

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Virtual brain twins: from basic neuroscience to clinical use

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 72-86页

作者： Huifang E.Wang Paul Triebkorn Martin Breyton Borana Dollomaja Jean-Didier Lemarechal Spase Petkoski Pierpaolo Sorrentino Damien Depannemaecker Meysam Hashemi Viktor k.Jirsa Aix Marseille Université Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes(INS) UMR1106 Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacosurveillance AP–HM

Virtual brain twins are personalized, generative and adaptive brain models based on data from an individual's brain for scientific and clinical use. After a description of the key elements of virtual brain twins,we present the standard model for personalized whole-brain network models. The personalization is accomplished using a subject's brain imaging data by three means:(1) assemble cortical and subcortical areas in the subject-specific brain space;(2) directly map connectivity into the brain models, which can be generalized to other parameters; and(3) estimate relevant parameters through model inversion, typically using probabilistic machine learning. We present the use of personalized whole-brain network models in healthy ageing and five clinical diseases: epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and psychiatric disorders. Specifically, we introduce spatial masks for relevant parameters and demonstrate their use based on the physiological and pathophysiological hypotheses. Finally, we pinpoint the key challenges and future directions.

关键词： virtual brain twin personalized modeling inference neuroscience brain disorder

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Rainfall Sensitivity to Microphysics and Planetary Boundary layer Parameterizations in Convection-Permitting Simulations over Northwestern South America

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 805-825页

作者： k.Santiago HERNANDEZ Sebastian GOMEZ-RIOS Juan J.HENAO Vanessa ROBLEDO Alvaro RAMiREZ-CARDONA Angela M.RENDON Geolimna Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Grupo de Ingenieria y Gestion Ambiental(GIGA) Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

Convection-permitting modeling allows us to understand mechanisms that influence rainfall in specific ***,microphysics parameterization(MP) and planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes remain an important source of uncertainty,affecting rainfall intensity,occurrence,duration,and ***,we study the sensitivity of rainfall to three MP [Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) Single-Moment 6-class(WSM6),Thompson,and Morrison] and two PBL [the Yonsei University(YSU) and Mellor–Yamada Nakanishi Niino(MYNN)] schemes with a convection-permitting resolution(4 km) over northwestern South America(NWSA).Simulations were performed by using the WRF model and the results were evaluated against soundings,rain gauges,and satellite data,considering the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall over diverse regions prone to deep convection in *** and PBL schemes largely influenced simulated rainfall,with better results for the less computationally expensive WSM6 MP and YSU PBL *** rain gauges and satellite estimates,simulations with Morrison MP overestimated rainfall,especially westward of the Andes,whereas the MYNN PBL underestimated precipitation in the Amazon–Savannas *** found that the uncertainty in the rainfall representation is highly dependent on the region,with a higher influence of MP in the Colombian Pacific and PBL in the Amazon–Savannas *** analyzing rainfall-related processes,the selection of both MP and PBL parameterizations exerted a large influence on the simulated lower tropospheric moisture flux and moisture *** schemes significantly influenced the downward shortwave radiation,with MYNN simulating a greater amount of low clouds,which decreased the radiation ***,latent heat fluxes were greater for YSU,favoring moist convection and *** schemes had a marked impact on vertical ***,Morrison MP showed stronger convection and higher precipitation rates,which is assoc

关键词： sensitivity microphysics planetary boundary layer(PBL) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) processes

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Defining minimal invasive surgical therapy for benign prostatic obstruction surgery: Perspectives from a global knowledge, attitude, and practice survey

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 55-64页

作者： Bryan kwun-Chung Cheng Steffi kar-kei Yuen Daniele Castellani Marcelo langer Wroclawski Hongda Zhao Mallikarjuna Chiruvella Wei-Jin Chua Ho-Yee Tiong Yiloren Tanidir Jean de la Rosette Enrique Rijo Vincent Misrai Amy krambeck Dean S.Elterman Bhaskar k.Somani Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh Vineet Gauhar Department of Surgery United Christian HospitalHong KongChina S.H.Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Urology University Hospital“Ospedali Riuniti”and Polytechnic University of Marche RegionAnconaItaly Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Sao PauloSPBrazil BP—A Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo Sao PauloSPBrazil Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Santo AndreSPBrazil Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabadTGIndia Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology Marmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Medipol Mega University HospitalIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Hospital Quiron BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Urology Clinique PasteurToulouseFrance Department of Urology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS TrustSouthamptonUK Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalNUHSSingapore

Objective:To scrutinize the definitions of minimal invasive surgical therapy(MIST)and to investigate urologists’knowledge,attitudes,and practices for benign prostatic obstruction ***:A 36-item survey was developed with a Delphi *** on definitions of MIST and attitudes and practices of benign prostatic obstruction surgeries were *** were invited globally to complete the online *** was achieved when more than or equal to 70%responses were“agree or strongly agree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”(consensus agree),or when more than or equal to 70%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“agree or strongly agree”(consensus disagree).Results:The top three qualities for defining MIST were minimal blood loss(n=466,80.3%),fast post-operative recovery(n=431,74.3%),and short hospital stay(n=425,73.3%).The top three surgeries that were regarded as MIST were Urolift®(n=361,62.2%),Rezum®(n=351,60.5%),and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)(n=332,57.2%).Consensus in the knowledge section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,day surgery feasibility,and post-operative *** in the attitudes section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,and day surgery *** on both sections was achieved for EEP as the option with the better symptoms and flow improvement,lower retreatment rate,and better suitable for prostate more than 80 ***:Minimal blood loss,fast post-operative recovery,and short hospital stay were the most important qualities for defining ***®,Rezum®,and EEP were regarded as MIST by most urologists.

关键词： Benignprostate hyperplasia Minimalinvasive surgical therapy Surgery Bladderoutlet obstruction

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Effect of la on the Corrosion Behavior and Mechanism of 3Ni Weathering Steel in a Simulated Marine Atmospheric Environment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 308-324页

作者： Gang Niu Rui Yuan R.D.k.Misra Na Gong Zhi-Hui Zhang Hao-Xiu Chen Hui-Bin Wu Cheng-Jia Shang Xin-Ping Mao Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Department of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX79968USA Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnologyand ResearchSingapore138634Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3E4Canada

The corrosion behavior and mechanism of 3Ni weathering steel in a simulated oceanic atmospheric environment are investigated in order to comprehend the impacts of la,as determined through electrochemical analysis and rust layer *** results of this study demonstrate that the addition of la enhances the corrosion resistance of 3Ni weathering steel in the marine atmospheric environment,thereby reducing the corrosion rate and improving the protection of the rust *** influence of la on corrosion resistance can be attributed to two primary ***,la functions as a grain refiner,minimizing the potential difference of the micro-regions on the substrate surface,thereby significantly reducing the corrosion of bare steel in the marine ***,la inhibits the process of Fe_(3)O_(4) oxidation back toγ-FeOOH during corrosion at the local site,thus decreasing the formation ofγ-FeOOH and enhancing the charge transfer *** research work may serve as a reference for expanding the application of rare earth elements in the field of weathering steel.

关键词： Weathering steel Rare earth Rust layer Corrosion behavior Corrosion resistance

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