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MR Visualization of Spinal Dural Arterio-Venous Fistula Using T2-Weighted 3D SPACE—A Spin-Echo Technique

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第5期8卷 327-332页

作者： Franz A. Fellner Christine M. Fellner Rene Chapot kaveh Akbari Institute of Radiology Kepler University Clinic Medical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Institute ofNeuroradiology Alfried-Krupp-Krankenhaus Essen Germany

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) account for about 70% of all spinal AV shunts. We re-port on a 56-year-old male patient with progressive neurological symptoms. Pre- and post-contrast MR imaging of the spine, including contrast-enhanced MR angiography was done on a 1.5 T MR scanner. In addition a special (pre-contrast) 3D turbo-spin-echo sequence with variable flip angle evolution (SPACE) was performed providing a slice thickness of 0.9 mm. T2-weighted images showed extensive widened and tortuous vascular structures with typical flow voids intradurally due to dilated pial veins. The origin of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula was found to be the radiculomeningeal artery at level D10/11 on the left side, visualized by the T2-weighted 3D SPACE sequence and CE MRA. After imaging the patient was referred to an interventional neuroradiology department for therapy. With the detailed information from MR imaging concerning the fistula level the interventional radiologist was able to find the fistula immediately and consequently treated it successfully by endovascular therapy. Interpreting the MR images of this obvious case of a SDAVF, SPACE sequence after post processing with 3D MPR software directly led to the location of the AV shunt at D10/11 on the left side, better than 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography did. Therefore, SPACE can be a useful adjunct in further evaluation of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula and especially in defining fistula level.

关键词： Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography (CE MRA) 3D Pulse Sequences 3D SPACE Spinal Dural Arterio-Venous Fistula (SDAVF)

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Compassionate Use of Midostaurin in Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasia with FGFR1 Abnormality

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2014年第10期3卷 560-565页

作者： Photis Beris Monika Nagy Daniel Robert kaveh Samii Tom Mckee Jovita Schuler Division of Haematology University Hospital of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Haematology Unilabs Coppet Coppet Switzerland Department of Pathology CMU Geneva Switzerland Novartis Pharma Switzerland Rotkreuz Switzerland

Background: Patients with stem cell myeloproliferative disorders have a particularly poor prognosis and limited treatment options, i.e. mainly aggressive chemotherapy or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In 2004, Chen et al. reported a patient presenting a t(8;13) (p11;q12) cytogenic anomaly who responded positively to treatment with PkC412 (midostaurin), an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Here, we report a second case treated with the above-mentioned drug. Patient: A 71-year-old woman was diagnosed as having chronic myelogenous leukaemia with eosinophilia secondary to t(8;13) with FGFR1 involvement. Due to her age, an allogeneic stem cell transplantation was not possible. Treatment: A treatment combining aggressive chemotherapy and midostaurin was explored. The patient received one cycle of hyper-CVAD chemotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with midostaurin. A relapse occurred after six months, and she was treated with four more cycles of hyper-CVAD chemotherapy. The patient entered a complete clinical, haematological and cytogenetic remission. A maintenance therapy with midostaurin continued for four months until she developed a chemoresistant relapse followed by acute leukaemia. Conclusion: This is the second case of a t(8;13) myeloid and lymphoid neoplasm with FGFR1 abnormalities treated successfully with midostaurin. Midostaurin is administered orally, allows for outpatient care and in this case showed only occasional and minimal side effects. The combination of hyper-CVAD and midostaurin extended survival by 21 months without allogeneic transplantation. This case further supports the possibility of using midostaurin for the treatment of other diseases with FGFR1 dysregulations;however, specific clinical trials are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

关键词： PkC412 Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms with Eosinophilia and FGFR1 Abnormality Translocation with an 8p11 Breakpoint FGFR1 Rearrangement

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网络构建基础

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作者： (美)kaveh·Pahlavan (美)Prashant·krishnamurthy

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Bortezomib-Induced Multiple Chalazia: A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2015年第1期4卷 32-35页

作者： Rania Mohamed Horace Massa Claude Schwarz Nicole Grandjean-Hallez kaveh Samii Hematology Department University of Geneva Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Ophtalmology Department University of Geneva Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Oncology Department University of Geneva Hospitals Geneva Switzerland

Bortezomib is a novel agent for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Several cutaneous lesions have been associated with its use and chalazia have been reported in a few cases with a delayed appearance ranging from 1 to 6 months. We describe the case of a 59-year-old man with multiple myeloma IgG kappa, ISS2, who developed a chalazion induced by bortezomib. Following the failure of conservative treatment, a biopsy was performed to exclude extramedullary plasmocytoma. Bortezomib was discontinued due to the persistence of lesions and a therapeutic approach combining systemic antibiotics with incision and curettage was adopted. An active inflammatory lesion developed after 1 month, similar to that observed under bortezomib therapy. Symptoms resolved only 5 months later and the patient remained free of any ocular manifestation. Physicians should be aware that chalazia may be resistant to conventional treatment and lead to local complications, such as cellulitis.

关键词： Bortezomib Chalazion Meibomian Gland

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CT and MR Imaging Findings in the Joubert Syndrome,a“Ciliopathy”

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第10期8卷 695-699页

作者： kaveh Akbari Christine M.Fellner Daniel Flory Franz A.Fellner Institute of Radiology Kepler University ClinicMedical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler UniversityLinzAustria Medical Faculty of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg ErlangenGermany

A 7-year-old boy presented with cerebellar ataxia with reduced tonicity, deficits of the fine and gross motor coordination skills and vestibular stimulus processing, as well as significantly delayed language development. MR imaging showed the so-called “molar tooth sign”, which was highly pathognomonic for the Joubert-Syndrome—an inherited cerebellar ataxia with a variety of clinical symptoms—and related entities. It is caused by a complex malformation of the cerebellar vermis and the midbrain. The cerebellar vermis is hypoplastic or completely absent;at the same time, the superior cerebellar peduncles are thickened. There is a lack of normal decussation of the fiber tracts in mesencephalon, which follow an abnormal horizontal course, as well as a lack of the decussation of the corticospinal fiber tracts in the caudal medulla oblongata and deformity of the 4th ventricle. Clinically, the triad of cerebellar ataxia, developmental retardation, and abnormal eye movements is indicating a related syndrome of this spectrum. The appearance of the involved children is characterized by dysmorphic facial features with epicanthus, broad nose bridge, low set ears and typically triangularly shaped and opened mouth. The diagnosis is usually made by imaging and clinical findings. Recently, advantages were made in genetic research on the Joubert syndrome and interesting findings published about diffusion tensor imaging and tractography. However, standard MR imaging, applying an adequate imaging protocol including sequences with excellent T1 contrast and 3D imaging with isotropic spatial resolution allowing reconstructions in all orientations, remains an essential tool for making this diagnosis.

关键词： Joubert Syndrome Ciliopathy Cerebellar Ataxia Molar Tooth Sign Magnetic Resonance(MR)Imaging

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A Finite Element Study of Crack Behavior for Carbon Na-notube Reinforced Bone Cement

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World Journal of Mechanics 2013年第5期3卷 13-21页

作者： kaveh PourAkbar Saffar Ahmad Raeisi Najafi Manssour H. Moeinzadeh Leszek J. Sudak Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana USA

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is a polymeric material that is widely used as a structural orthopedic material. However, it is not an ideal material for bone grafting due to its fragility. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been introduced in order to reinforce PMMA resulting in a composite material which exhibits improved tensile properties, increased fatigue resistance and fracture toughness. This improvement is potentially due to bridging and arresting cracks as well as absorption of energy. In this study, a two-dimensional finite element model is presented for the fracture analysis of PMMA-CNT composite material. Instead of the classical single fiber model, the present work considers an ensemble of CNTs interacting with a pre-existing crack. Casca is used to produce a two dimensional mesh and the fracture analysis is performed using Franc 2D. The model is subjected to uni-axial loading in the transverse plane and the interaction between the crack and CNTs is evaluated by determining the stress intensity factor in the vicinity of the crack tips. The effects of geometric parameters of the CNTs and the material structural heterogeneity on crack propagation trajectory are investigated. Furthermore, the effects of CNT diameter, wall thickness and elastic mismatch between the matrix and the nanotubes on crack growth are studied. The results illustrate that the CNTs repel cracks during loading as they act as barriers to crack growth. As a result, the incorporation of CNTs into PMMA reduces crack growth but more importantly increases the fracture resistance of bone cement.

关键词： Bone Cement Carbon Nanotube Finite Element Crack Propagation Stress Intensity Factor

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection-Associated Mortality during Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment in Six Provinces of China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期28卷 421-428页

作者： LAI Yu Ji LIU Er Yong WANG Li Ming Jamie P MORANO WANG Ning kaveh kHOSHNOOD ZHOU Lin CHENG Shi Ming Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine University of South FloridaMorsani College of Medicine Yale University School of Public Health New Haven

Objective To investigate the risk factors attributable to tuberculosis-related deaths in areas with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection epidemics. Methods A prospective cohort study of newly registered patients in tuberculosis（TB） dispensaries in six representative Chinese provinces was conducted from September 1, 2009 to August 31, 2011. Risk factors for TB-associated death were identified through logistic regression analysis. Results Of 19,103 newly registered pulmonary TB patients, 925（4.8%） were found to be HIV-positive. Miliary TB and acid-fast bacillus smear-negative TB were more common among these patients. Out of a total of 322（1.7%） deaths that occurred during TB treatment, 85（26%） of the patients were co-infected with HIV. Multivariate analysis revealed that HIV infection was the strongest predictor of death [adjusted odds ratio（aO R） 7.86]. Other significant mortality risk factors included presentation with miliary TB（aO R 4.10; 95% confidence interval： 2.14-7.88）, ≥35 years of age（aO R 3.04）, non-Han ethnicity（aO R 1.67）, and farming as an occupation（aO R 1.59）. For patients with TB/HIV co-infection, miliary TB was the strongest risk factor for death（aO R 5.48）. A low CD4 count（≤ 200 cells/μL）（aO R 3.27） at the time of TB treatment initiation and a lack of antiretroviral therapy（ART） administration（aO R 3.78） were also correlated with an increased risk of death. Conclusion Infection with HIV was independently associated with increased mortality during TB treatment. Offering HIV testing at the time of diagnosis with TB, early TB diagnosis among HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients, and the timely provision of ART were identified as the key approaches that could reduce the number of HIV-associated TB deaths.

关键词： Tuberculosis Human immunodeficiency virus Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Mortality

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采用新颖碰撞检测器的CSMA无源星形局域网

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南邮科技译丛 1990年第3期 11-30页

作者： kaveh.,M 黄筱淑

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Bedside ultrasonography for verification of shoulder reduction： A long way to go

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第1期19卷 45-48页

作者： koorosh Ahmadi Amir Masoud Hashemian kaveh Sineh-Sepehr Monavvar Afzal-Aghaee Saba Jafarpour Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Emergency Department Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj lran Emergency Department Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashad lran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Neurosurgery Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran lran Research Centre for Neural Repair University of Tehran Tehran lran

Purpose： Shoulder dislocation is a common joint dislocation managed by the emergency physicians in the emergency departments. Pre- and post-reduction radiographic examinations have long been the standard practice to confirm the presence of dislocation and the successful reduction. However, shoulder ultrasonography has recently been proposed as an alternative to the radiographic examination. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of ultrasonography in evaluating proper reduction of the dislocated joint. Methods： This was a prospective observational study. All patients with confirmed anterior shoulder dislocation were examined by both ultrasonography and radiography after the attempt for reduction of the dislocated joint. The examiners were blinded to the result of the other imaging modality. Results of the two methods were then compared. Results： Overall, 108 patients with confirmed anterior shoulder dislocation were enrolled in the study. Ninety-one （84.3%） of the patients were males. Mean age of the participants was （30.11 ± 11.41） years. The majority of the patients had a recurrent dislocation. Bedside ultrasonography showed a sensitivity of 53.8% （95% CI： 29.1%-76.8%） and a specificity of 100% （95% CI： 96.1%-100%） in detecting inadequate reductions. The results of ultrasonography had a statistically significant agreement with the results of radiography （kappa - 0.672, p 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： The results suggest that the sensitivity of post-reduction ultrasound is not sufficient for it to serve as a substitute for radiography.

关键词： Shoulder dislocation Ultrasonography Radiography

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Statistical evaluation of 571 GaAs quantum point contact transistors showing the 0.7 anomaly in quantized conductance using cryogenic on-chip multiplexing

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 21-28页

作者： Pengcheng Ma kaveh Delfanazari Reuben k.Puddy Jiahui Li Moda Cao Teng Yi Jonathan P.Griffiths Harvey E.Beere David A.Ritchie Michael J.kelly Charles G.Smith Cavendish Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Electrical Engineering Division University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAUK

Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution *** is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and ***,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)*** single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFET)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs *** the measurements of 571 functioning QFETs taken at temperatures T[1.4 k and T[40 mk,it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and kondo effect do not fit our ***,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range *** approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.

关键词： Cryogenic chip Cryogenic quantum multiplexer Semi-conductor quantum integrated circuit Quantumfield effect transistors Quantum point contacts Chip-scale cryogenic electronics

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