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Influence of laser peening on microstructure and fatigue lives of Ti-6Al-4V

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第10期24卷 3111-3117页

作者： S.ANAND kumar R.SUNDAR S.ganesh SUNDARA RAMAN H.kumar R.kAUL k.RANGANATHAN S.M.OAk L.M.kUkREJA k.S.BINDRA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering IIT Madras Chennai-600036 India Solid State Laser Division RRCAT Indore 452013 India Laser Material Processing Division RRCAT Indore 452013 India

The influence of low energy laser peening on fatigue lives of Ti-6Al-4V was investigated. Laser peening was carried out on Ti-6Al-4V samples. Laser peened samples were characterized by residual stress analysis, surface roughness measurements, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, nanoindentation hardness tests, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and fatigue testing. Laser peening resulted in the formation of nanocrystallites on the surface and near surface regions with associated increase in hardness and introduction of compressive residual stress. Owing to positive influence of nanostructured surface and compressive residual stress, fatigue lives of the laser peened samples were significantly increased compared to the unpeened samples.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V laser peening fatigue nanostructured surface

Surgical Audit of Sino-Nasal Diseases in a Tertiary Care Centre—A Prospective Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第5期4卷 369-374页

作者： ganesh kumar Balasubramanian Ramanathan Thirunavukkarasu Ramesh Babu kalyanasundaram Gitanjali Narendran Thanjavur Medical College Thanjavur India

Aims of the study: 1) To study the distribution of various Sino-nasal diseases in our region;2) To emphasize the significance of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Material and methods: This surgical study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur. The study period was from 21st March 2014 to 20th March 2015 (267 cases). After a preliminary examination, all patients were subjected to Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy followed by radiological examination. Based on the symptoms and the findings, patients were treated by surgery (mainly FESS), pharmacotherapy, and chemo-radiotherapy. Results: In our study, the majority of cases were deviated nasal septum with sinusitis about 62% (165 cases). The other cases were antrochoanal polyp 8% (21 cases), ethmoidal polyposis 9% (23 cases) and others 21% (51 cases). The age group vulnerable for these diseases is 20 - 40 years. Males are affected more commonly than females. Conclusion: Majority of the cases were treated by Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. So we have to improve the surgical skills in this field to achieve a good outcome.

关键词： Pure Tone Audiogram Conductive Deafness Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Ototoxicity Presbyacusis Noise Induced Hearing Loss

Assessment of Hearing Status by Pure Tone Audiogram—An Institutional Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第5期4卷 375-380页

作者： ganesh kumar Balasubramanian Ramanathan Thirunavukkarasu Ramesh Babu kalyanasundaram Gitanjali Narendran Thanjavur Medical College Thanjavur India

Aim: To assess the hearing status of the study subjects in terms of degree and type of hearing loss, and establish the burden of this disability in the society. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study conducted in patients who attend our OPD. After an otorhinolaryngeal examination, all the patients were subjected to pure tone audiometry using MAICA-MA52 audiometer. Results: Our study comprises 1012 males (64%) and 563 females (36%). Out of this, about 15% have conductive deafness and 42% have sensorineural hearing loss. About 29% suffer from mild hearing loss, 26% moderate and 11% severe hearing loss. The alarming information is that about 5% have total hearing loss of Sudden Sensorineural type (SSNHL). Conclusion: Pure tone audiometry is cost effective and easy to perform. Early diagnosis and timely intervention will reduce the morbidity of deafness in our country. Hence it is necessary to identify and treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss and noise induced hearing loss at an early stage.

关键词： Pure Tone Audiogram Conductive Deafness Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Ototoxicity Presbyacusis Noise Induced Hearing Loss

New Approach in the Management of Adult Epiglottic Abscess—A Case Report

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第4期4卷 290-295页

作者： Ramesh Babu kalyanasundaram ganesh kumar Balasubramanian Ramanathan Thirunavukkarasu Prabhakharan Saroja Durairaju Department of ENT and Head & Neck surgery Thanjavur Medical College Thanjavur India

Background: Epiglottic abscess in an otherwise healthy adult is seen as a rare sequelae of acute epiglottitis. It is a life threatening condition which requires emergency management, which if not done early, may result in fatality. Respiratory infections, exposure to environmental chemical or trauma which may lead to inflammation and infection of the structures around the throat which may lead on to epiglottitis, and an epiglottis abscess very rarely. In our case, patient was immediately managed by doing an emergency tracheostomy followed by incision and drainage in the OPD (outpatient department). This emphasizes on need for emergency airway management by doing a tracheostomy there by facilitating incision and drainage in a case of epiglottic abscess as a daycare procedure. Aim: The primary aim of this clinical record is to emphasize the need for immediate airway management in epiglottic abscess there by facilitating incision and drainage as an OPD (out-patient department) Procedure. Case Presentation: A 45-year-old man presented to the OPD (outpatient department) with complaints of dysphagia, odynophagia, muffled voice, noisy breathing for the previous 7 hours. On clinical examination pt was in stridor & respiratory distress. Since the pt was in stridor, it was immediately shifted to the OT (operation theatre), and an emergency tracheostomy was done and the airway was secured, following which a video laryngoscopic examination was done in the OPD, which revealed oedematous enlarged epiglottis with pus pointing obscuring the laryngeal inlet. Abscess was incised and drained, and pus was sent for culture & sensitivity. Pt was treated with I. V (intravenous) antibiotics as per culture reports and subsequent video laryngoscopic examination revealed near normal epiglottis with an adequate laryngeal inlet. Conclusion: Patients with epiglottic abscess are at increased risk of airway compromise, hence in such patients airway should be immediately secured by doing an emergen

关键词： Epiglottic Abscess Epiglottitis Tracheostomy Incision and Drainage

An Unusual Presentation of Fungal Mass in Concha Bullosa

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第5期3卷 263-266页

作者： ganesh kumar Balasubramaniam Ramanathan Thirunavukarasu Ramesh Babu kalyanasundaram Gitanjali Narendran Department of ENT Thanjavur Medical College Thanjavur India

Fungal infection usually involves the paranasal sinuses. This is a rare case of fungal mass in concha bullosa. A 19-year-old immunocompetent female patient presented with nasal obstruction. Anterior rhinoscopy revealed enlarged middle turbinate on left side. CT showed heterogenous opacity and enlargement of left middle turbinate. Intraoperatively, middle turbinate was found to be filled with cheesy material which was culture positive for Aspergillus fumigatus.

关键词： Concha Bullosa Fungal Ball Fungal Sinusitis Nasal Obstruction Aspergillus

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Cortical Bone Trajectory and Traditional Pedicle Screw Fixation in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第3期9卷 31-47页

作者： Sundar karki Shaodong Zhang Xiaohu Wang Arjun Sinkemani ganesh kumar Sah Department of Spine Surgery Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University Nanjing China

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is a common surgical procedure and widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disc disorders. Traditionally, posterior lumbar interbody fusion is done by using the traditional pedicle screw (PS) which offers great advantages, but at the same time it has some disadvantages which include the risk of superior facet joint violation and muscle damage. Recently, an alternative method of screw insertion via cortical bone trajectory (CBT) has been invented which has less invasive process and can be placed without the drawbacks associated with the traditional pedicle screw. However, it has to remain an interest whether CBT will provide similar or greater clinical outcomes compared to PS in PLIF. So the main aim of this review is to compare the clinical outcomes of cortical bone trajectory and traditional pedicle screw fixation in posterior lumbar interbody fusion based on the articles published on this topic. Compared to the traditional pedicle screw fixation, PLIF with CBT has similar clinical outcome based on pain intensity, ODI status and JOA score, as well as similar fusion rate and radiological evaluated complication such as loosening of screw. In addition PLIF with CBT has advantages of less facet joint violation, less blood loss, less intraoperative muscle damage and perioperative pain. On the basis of this study, we can suggest that PLIF with CBT can be considered as a reasonable alternative to PS in PLIF.

关键词： Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cortical Bone Trajectory Traditional Pedicle Screw Fixation Cortical Screw Pedicle Screw

Comparative Evaluation of Humic Substances: Effect at Cell Level and Chlorophyll Retention during Accelerated Senescence

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 638-652页

作者： Tirichy ganesh Prasad Joz Liza Bargur Jayaram Manjushree Ramarao Nagalakshmi kumar Devendra P J Margo Pvt. Ltd. Agritech Research Centre Bangalore India

The influence of humic substances (HS) formulations derived from sedimentary and compost sources was studied on plant growth at cell level and chlorophyll retention during accelerated senescence of leaf tissue. The direct effect of HS formulations was studied on cell expansion using cucumber and radish cotyledon expansion test. The cucumber hypocotyl elongation test was used to study the effect on cell elongation. Chlorophyll pigment retention in excised leaf tissue incubated in dark with high temperature was assessed to study the effect on leaf senescence. Explant tissues were incubated directly in the solutions of the formulations at the concentration recommended for foliar application to the crop plants. HS formulations showed significant variations in their direct bio-stimulatory effects. Formulations derived from compost sources were found superior in terms of inducing a direct stimulatory effect on cell expansion and cell elongation and in maintaining chlorophyll pigment retention during accelerated senescence. HS from sedimentary sources stimulated cell expansion and delayed chlorophyll degradation to a lesser extent compared to HS from compost. However, HS formulations derived from sedimentary sources used in this study were not effective in inducing cell elongation in the cucumber hypocotyl elongation test. The direct bio-stimulatory effect of HS formulations differed significantly between the formulations that were evaluated.

关键词： Biostimulants Chlorophyll Compost Cotyledon Humic Substances Hypocotyl Sedimentary

Satellite Clock Error and Orbital Solution Error Estimation for Precise Navigation Applications

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Positioning 2014年第1期5卷 22-26页

作者： Bharati Bidikar Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao Laveti ganesh MNVS Santosh kumar Department of ECE AITAM Tekkali India Department of ECE Andhra University Visakhapatnam India Department of ECE ANITS Visakhapatnam India

Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides a three-dimensional user position (x,y,z), velocity and time anywhere on or above the earth surface. The satellite-based position accuracy is affected by several factors such as satellite clock error, propagation path delays and receiver noise due to which the GPS does not meet the requirements of critical navigation applications such as missile navigation and category I/II/III aircraft landings. This paper emphasizes on modelling the satellite clock error and orbital solution (satellite position) error considering the signal emission time. The transmission time sent by each satellite in broadcast ephemerides is not accurate. This has to be corrected in order to obtain correct satellite position and in turn a precise receiver position. Signal transmission time or broadcast time from satellite antenna phase center is computed at the receiver using several parameters such as signal reception time, propagation time, pseudorange observed and satellite clock error correction parameters. This corrected time of transmission and broadcast orbital parameters are used for estimation of the orbital solution. The estimated orbital solution was validated with the precise ephemerides which are estimated by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), USA. The errors are estimated for a typical day data collected on 11th March 2011 from dual frequency GPS receiver located at Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam (17.73°N/83.319°E).

关键词： Satellite Clock Error Satellite Clock Offset Orbital Solution Broadcast Ephemerides

Comparative in-vitro analysis of different brands of paracetamol tablets available in Nepal

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第8期4卷 645-648页

作者： ganesh Man Singh Thakuri kailash kumar Yadav Rahul Rana Chhetri Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Doon(PG)Paramedical College and Hospital DehradunHemavati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal UniversityPauri GarhwalUttarakhandIndia Department of Microbiology Tribhuwan UniversityKathmanduNepal Department of Pharmacy Pokhara UniversityPokharaKaskiNepal

Objective:To examine the physico-chemical parameters of commercially available local and multinational brands of paracetamol tablets in ***:Different five paracetamol brands were explored by testing various parameters according to standard *** studied parameters included weight variation,friability,disintegration,dissolution and *** limits of the official test were referenced from official guidelines of Indian Pharmacopoeia(IP)and British Pharmacopoeia(BP).All brands were tested according to their pharmacopoeial claim and methods for these tests were successfully conducted to find out their *** methods were economic and ***:Requirements of weight variation and friability value were complied by all *** minutes of disintegration time were also complied by all the brands according to the BP/IP recommendation for uncoated *** brands showed not less than 80%drug release in 45 min as per BP and not less than 85%in 30 min as per *** of each brand was found to be within the range of 95%-105%.The present findings suggested that about every paracetamol brand which was accessible in Nepali market encountering the IP/BP ***:Although the physico-chemical examinations such as weight variation,friability,disintegration,dissolution and assay were detected varying brand wise,but were found interior to defined *** an over-the-counter drug,the consumption of paracetamol is too ***,it is important for each brand to be genuine,good manufactured and well ***,additional exploration over the quality of paracetamol is compulsory for safe human consumption.

关键词： Acetaminophen Comparative study In-vitro analysis Paracetamol Physico-chemical test Quality control parameters