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Brain Tumor Segmentation through Level Based Learning Model

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 709-720页

作者： k.dinesh Babu C.Senthil Singh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Adhi College of Engineering and Technology631605India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Infant Jesus College of EngineeringVallanaduThoothukudi628851India

Brain tumors are potentially fatal presence of cancer cells over a human brain,and they need to be segmented for accurate and reliable planning of *** process must be carried out in different regions based on which the stages of cancer can be accurately *** patients exhibit a different level of challenge in terms of cancer or tumors detection as the Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)images possess varying sizes,shapes,positions,and *** scanner used for sensing the location of tumors cells will be sub-jected to additional protocols and measures for accuracy,in turn,increasing the time and affecting the performance of the entire *** this view,Convolutional Neural Networks deliver suitable models for efficient segmentation and thus delivered promising *** previous strategies and models failed to adhere to diversity of sizes and shapes,proving to be a well-established solution for detecting tumors of bigger *** tend to be smaller in size and shape during their premature stages and they can easily evade the algorithms of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).This proposal intends to furnish a detailed model for sensing early stages of cancer and hence perform segmentation irrespective of the current size and shape of *** size of networks and layers will lead to a significant weightage when multiple kernel sizes are involved,especially in multi-resolution *** the other hand,the proposed model is designed with a novel approach including a dilated convolution and level-based learning *** the convolution process is dilated,the process of feature extraction deals with multiscale objective and level-based learning eliminates the shortcoming of previous models,thereby enhancing the quality of smaller tumors cells and *** level-based learning approach also encapsulates the feature recon-struction processes which highlights the sensing of small-scale tumors ***,segmenting t

关键词： Glioma detection segmentation smaller tumour growth machine learning feature analysis

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Soy Protein Isolate Film by Incorporating Mandelic Acid as Well as Through Fermentation Mediated by Bacillus Subtilis

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第2期7卷 103-115页

作者： Rakesh k.mar Priya Rani k.dinesh k.mar Department of Biotechnology Central University of South BiharGaya-824236India Department of Materials Science&Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyPatna 801106India

Soy protein isolate(SPI)biopolymeric films were prepared by adding different contents of mandelic acid(1 to 5%wrt SPI)to glycerol plasticized SPI by solution casting ***,SPI was fermented by Bacillus subtilis to get fermented SPI films by solution *** mass determination of mandelic acid incorporated and fermented SPI films was carried out by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Mandelic acid incorporated and fermented SPI films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),tensile strength,water uptake and optical transmittance *** indicated that incorporation of mandelic acid in SPI resulted in high tensile strength(8.03 MPa)and highα-relaxation(Tα)as well as low water *** the other hand,films cannot be prepared from fermented SPI with SPI contents of 8%and 12%.However,film from fermented SPI with 16%SPI content could be prepared but it exhibited low tensile strength(3.18 MPa)and low Tαas well as high water *** resulting mandelic acid incorporated SPI films were also subjected to antimicrobial *** all the concentration of mandelic acid,we can easily observe the antimicrobial effect in mandelic acid incorporated SPI films unlike fermented SPI *** work will be helpful in fabricating antimicrobial SPI film from renewable resources.

关键词： Soy protein isolate mandelic acid fermentation film tensile properties antimicrobial properties

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Rapid Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Reishi and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 51-63页

作者： Akamu J. Ewunkem T’nasia Priester Desia Williams Bailey Ariyon Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany Justice dinesh k. Singh Department of Biological Sciences Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem North Carolina USA

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field in biomedical engineering with references to efficiency, safety, and cost-effective approaches. Herein, the objective of this study was to examine an innovative approach to rapidly synthesis silver nanoparticles from an aqueous extract of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (also known as reishi). The structural and dimensional dispersion of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Additionally, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from resihi were used to explore their potential antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae. The results from this study revealed that the silver nanoparticles mediated by reishi adopted a spherical shape morphology with sizes, less than 100 nm and revealed strong absorption plasmon band at 440 nm. Furthermore, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested S. aureus and M. luteus and E. coli and k. pneumoniae by altering their morphology which signifies their biomedical potential.

关键词： Nanotechnology Reishi Nanoparticles Antimicrobial Green Synthesis

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ZnSe Nanoparticles Reinforced Biopolymeric Soy Protein Isolate Film

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第8期7卷 749-761页

作者： Rakesh k.mar Reshma Praveen Shikha Rani k.Sharma k.P.Tiwary k.dinesh k.mar Department of Biotechnology Central University of South BiharGayaIndia Department of Applied Chemistry Birla Institute of Technology MesraPatna CampusPatnaIndia Department of Applied Physics Birla Institute of Technology MesraPatna CampusPatnaIndia Department of Materials Science&Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyPatnaIndia

ZnSe nanoparticles have been synthesized by microwave assisted method by using zinc chloride,selenium powder and ethylene *** synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized structurally by FT-IR and XRD as well as morphological characterization was done by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The crystallite size after synthesis was obtained around 30 nm for pure ZnSe ***,from SEM micrograph,agglomerated ZnSe nanoparticles of irregular shapes were *** as-synthesized ZnSe nanoparticles at different contents(1 to 5%w/w w.r.t SPI)were incorporated into soy protein isolate(SPI)to produce reinforced SPI films by solution casting *** ZnSe nanoparticles incorporated SPI suspensions were subjected to molecular mass and specific conductivity *** and ZnSe nanoparticles incorporated SPI films were structurally and mechanically characterized by FT-IR and tensile properties,*** and water uptake studies were also carried out for ZnSe nanoparticles incorporated SPI *** tensile strength and modulus increased from 5.80 MPa to 10.06 MPa and 18.84 MPa to 94.70 MPa with the increase in the contents of ZnSe nanoparticles from 0 to 5%.Moreover,the results also revealed a good antibacterial effect in ZnSe nanoparticles incorporated SPI *** main application of nanoparticles incorporated SPI film will be in the area of biodegradable packaging.

关键词： Soy protein isolate ZnSe nanoparticles reinforced film tensile properties antimicrobial properties

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Impact of phytoconstituents on oral health practices:a post COVID-19 observation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2386-2400页

作者： Harsh k.mar Reena Singh Daljeet Singh Dhanjal Chirag Chopra Natália Cruz-martins Gheyath k.Nasrallah Amin F.Majdalawieh Sivak.mar Manickam Shahida Anusha Siddiqui dinesh k.mar Indu Sharma Varun Sharma School of Bioengineering&Food Technology Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management SciencesSolan 173229India School of Bioengineering and Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab 144402India Faculty of Medicine University of PortoPorto 4200-319Portugal Institute for Research and Innovation in Health(i3S) University of PortoPorto 4200-135Portugal Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies(CESPU) RuaCentral de GandraGandra 4585-116Portugal TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health SciencesCESPUCRLGandra 4585-116Portugal Biomedical Research Center Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Biomedical Science College of Health SciencesQatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Biology Chemistryand Environmental SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesAmerican University of SharjahSharjah 26666United Arab Emirates Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi BruneiBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability Technical University of MunichStraubing 94315Germany Genetic Heritage Group New York UniversityAbu Dhabi 129188United Arab Emirates Bioinformatics Division NMC Genetics India Pvt.Ltd.Gurugram 122001India

Appropriate oral hygiene significantly reduces the possibility of oral ***,dental caries and periodontal diseases are major oral health issues causing chronic diseases due to poor oral ***,herbal compounds have gained interest in maintaining oral *** of burdock root(Arctium),noni fruit(Morinda citrifolia),and neem leaf(Azadirachta indica)are now used as intracanal medicaments in endodontics and *** amboinicus species and other plants produces essential oil likeβ-caryophyllene,p-cymene,andγ-terpinene can exhibit antibacterial activity;highlighting phytoconstituents plays a vital role in oral *** COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of hygiene and sanitization,to curb *** cavity is among the gateways for virus entry into *** is a potential reservoir of SARS-CoV-2,and there is an increased risk of infection if there is any fissure in the *** enables entry of virus into the vascular system through gingival or periodontal pocket,possibly reaching lung periphery then to lung vessels by interacting with endothelial surface receptors triggering pulmonary vasoconstriction and lung damage due to endothelial *** review aims to draw attention to the possible route of SARS-CoV-2 infection via the oral cavity and the importance of oral hygiene against COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Oral Hygiene Microbiota Phytochemicals

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Brillouin expanded time-domain analysis based on dual optical frequency combs

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1534-1544页

作者： Jae Hyeong Youn kwang Yong Song Sonia martin-Lopez Miguel Gonzalez-Herraez maría R.Fernández-Ruiz Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulKorea Dept.of Electronics Universidad de AlcaláMadridSpain

Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis(BOTDA)is a widely-used distributed optical fiber sensing technology employing pulse-modulated pump waves for local information retrieval of the Brillouin gain or loss *** spatial resolution of BOTDA systems is intrinsically linked to pulse duration,so high-resolution measurements demand high electronic bandwidths inversely proportional to the *** paper introduces Brillouin Expanded Time-Domain Analysis(BETDA)as a modified BOTDA system,simultaneously achieving high spatial resolution and low detection *** two optical frequency combs(OFCs)with different frequency intervals as pump and probe,local Brillouin gain spectra are recorded by their spectral beating traces in an expanded time domain.A 2-cm-long hotspot located in a 230m single-mode fiber is successfully measured in the time domain with a detection bandwidth of less than 100 kHz using dual OFCs with tailored spectral phase,line spacing,and bandwidth.

关键词： pump optical fiber

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Impacts of PI3k/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-Núñez maría Fernanda González Ana maría Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3k)/protein kinase B(AkT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3k/AkT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3k/AkT/connexin 43,and Notch/PI3k/AkT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3k/AkT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3k/AkT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Improvement of Deep Groove Ball Bearing’s Performance Using a Bionic Textured Inner Race

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2021年第4期18卷 974-990页

作者： k.E.Ch.Vidyasagar R.k.Pandey dinesh kalyanasundaram Center for Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringOsmania UniversityHyderabad500007India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi110029India

Micro-textured surfaces have improved the tribological performance of contact surfaces under lubricated conditions;however,not practiced due to manufacturing *** addition to simpler micro-pits or straight-trench type textures,sophisticated bioinspired textures on commercial radial ball bearings have been scarcely *** this work,Dendroaspis polylepis(Mamba snake)skin-type textures were fabricated on the inner race of FAG radial ball bearings using a nanosecond fiber laser *** the snake textures were primarily meant to enhance friction,the dimensions of the texture have been carefully chosen to improve the tribological performance under lubricated *** textured bearings were assembled and experimented at various rotational speeds and lightly loaded conditions to measure vibrational amplitude,frictional torque,and temperature *** to untextured(conventional)bearing,the snake-skin type textured bearings resulted in improved tribo-dynamic performance.

关键词： bionic texture radial ball bearing frictional torque vibration temperature

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An exploration of frictional and vibrational behaviors of textured deep groove ball bearing in the vicinity of requisite minimum load

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Friction 2021年第6期9卷 1749-1765页

作者： k.E.Ch.VIDYASAGAR R.k.PANDEY dinesh kALYANASUNDARAM Center for Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringOsmania UniversityTelangana 500007India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

In case of lightly loaded radial ball bearings,failure mechanisms other than fatigue such as smearing of raceways due to increased frictional torque and vibrations often ***,attempts have been made herein for reducing the frictional torque and minimizing the vibrations of a radial deep groove ball bearing employing surface textures at the inner *** pulsed laser was used to create texture(involving micro-dimples having different dimple area density)on the inner race of test *** an in-house developed test rig,frictional torque and vibrational parameters were measured at different speeds and light loads(*** vicinity of 0.01C,where C is dynamic load capacity of radial ball bearing).Significant reduction in frictional torque and overall vibrations were found in the presence of micro-dimples on inner race at light loads irrespective of operating *** without satisfying the minimum load needed criteria for the satisfactory operation,substantial reduction in smearing marks was found on the races of textured ball bearings in comparison to conventional cases.

关键词： ball bearing textured inner race grease lubricated frictional torque vibration

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Time to detoxify medical literature from guideline overdose

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第26期18卷 3331-3335页

作者： dinesh Vyas Arpita k Vyas Department of Surgery Nanomedical OncoSepsis LabInstitute of International HealthCollege of Human MedicineMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States Pediatric Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics and Human DevelopmentMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824United States

The current financial turmoil in the United States has been attributed to multiple reasons including healthcare *** care spending has increased from 5.7 percent of the gross domestic product(GDP) in 1965 to 16 percent of the GDP in *** is driven with a goal to provide best possible care available at that period of *** are generally assumed to have the high level of certainty and security as conclusions generated by the conventional scientific method leading many clinicians to use guidelines as the final arbiters of *** provide the standard of care,physicians follow guidelines,proposed by either groups of physicians or various medical societies or government organizations like National Comprehensive Cancer *** has lead to multiple tests for the patient and has not survived the test of *** independence leads to lacunae in the standardization of guidelines,hence flooding of literature with multiple guidelines and confusion to patients and physicians and eventually overtreatment,inefficiency,and patient *** is an urgent need to restrict articles with Guidelines and develop some strategy like have an intermediate stage of pre-guidelines and after 5-10 years of trials,a systematic launch of the *** can be better ways than this for putting together guidelines as has been suggested by multiple authors and researchers.

关键词： Guidelines Controversies in medicine Conflict of interest Health economics Standard of care

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