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Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale santosh s.sutar Atul c.khot Tae Geun kim school of Electrical Engineering Korea University computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao chavan school of Rural Development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(Oscs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering Oscs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance Oscs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PcE) of ternary Oscs(TOscs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOscs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOscs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOscs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PcE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref kevin k.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas kobeissy Department of surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse school of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

Occurrence and fate of endogenous steroid hormones,alkylphenol ethoxylates, bisphenol A and phthalates in municipal sewage treatment systems

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第11期29卷 49-58页

作者： Qian Wu James c.W.Lam karen Y.kwok Mirabelle M.P.Tsui Paul k.s.Lam state key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (skLMP) Department of Biology and Chemistry Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Sustainable Use of Marine Biodiversity City University of Hong Kong Department of science and Environmental studies The Education University of Hong of Kong

steroid hormones, alkylphenol ethoxylates（APEOs） and phthalic acid esters（PAEs） are emerging endocrine disrupting chemicals（EDcs） that can interfere with the endocrine function in organisms at low concentrations. The occurrence, distribution behavior, removal rate and the fate of 31 target EDcs in sewage treatment plants, which consist of various treatment facilities and receiving water in Hong kong, were investigated. Estrone,nonylphenol-di-ethoxylate and diethyl phthalate were found to be dominant in each group of influent samples with concentrations ranging from 11–33, 747–3945 and 445–4635 ng/L,respectively. conversely, progesterone, nonylphenol-mono-ethoxylate and bis（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate were the most abundant in dewatered sludge, with concentrations ranging from 0.9–237, 75–19,743 and 4310–37,016 ng/g（dry weight）. The removal rates of primary sedimentation and disinfection approaches were lower than 30% for most of the chemicals,while those of activated sludge and reverse osmosis were greater than 80% for more than two-thirds of the compounds, noticeably decreasing the estrogenic risk of sewage discharged into the environment. steroid hormones were removed via biological degradation, while some APEOs and PAEs adsorbed to the sludge. Victoria Harbor poses a low to medium estrogenic risk mainly contributed by estrone and estradiol and deserves attention.

关键词： Endocrine disruptor steroid hormone Alkylphenol ethoxylate Phthalic acid ester Risk assessment

A six-year descriptive epidemiological study of human coronavirus infections in hospitalized patients in Hong kong

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Virologica sinica 2016年第1期31卷 41-48页

作者： cyril c.Y.Yip carol s.F.Lam Hayes k.H.Luk Emily Y.M.Wong Rodney A.Lee Lok-Yee so kwok-Hung chan Vincent c.c.cheng kwok-Yung Yuen Patrick c.Y.Woo susanna k.P.Lau Department of Microbiology The University of Hong Kong Department of Microbiology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Research centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong Kong state key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong Kong

We conducted a six-year epidemiological study on human coronaviruses（HcoVs） circulating in Hong kong, using 8275 nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute respiratory tract infections. HcoVs were detected in 77（0.93%） of the samples by a pan-HcoV RT-PcR assay. The most frequently detected HcoV species was HcoV-Oc43（0.58%）, followed by HcoV-229E（0.15%）,HcoV-HkU1（0.13%） and HcoV-NL63（0.07%）. HcoVs were detected throughout the study period（september 2008–August 2014）, with the highest detection rate from september 2010 to August2011（22/1500, 1.47%）. Different seasonal patterns of each HcoV species in Hong kong were ***-Oc43 was predominant in the fall and winter, whereas HcoV-HkU1 showed peak activity in winter, with a few cases occurred in spring and summer. HcoV-229 E mainly occurred in winter and spring, while HcoV-NL63 was predominant in summer and autumn. HcoVs most commonly infect the elderly and young children, with median age of 79.5 years（range, 22 days to 95 years）.Intriguingly, the detection rate of HcoV-Oc43 in the age group of ＆gt; 80 years（26/2380, 1.09%） was significantly higher than that in the age group of 0–10 years（12/2529, 0.47%）（P 〈 0.05）. These data provides new insight into the epidemiology of coronaviruses.

关键词： epidemiology human coronaviruses respiratory tract infections

A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.kIRAN D.sINGH R.VAIsH V.s.cHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the c0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. Various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

关键词： Inverse problems

Laser surface Modification of Lean-alloyed Austenitic stainless steel for corrosion Resistance

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腐蚀与防护 2012年第S1期33卷 55-61页

作者： chan W k kwok c T chan M c Lo k H University of Macao Av.Padre Tomás Pereira Taipa Macao China

In order to reduce the cost of the austenitic stainless steels(Asss),the expensive austenite former(nickel) is often substituted by ***,manganese is generally seen to have a detrimental effect on the corrosion *** the present study,the feasibility of laser surface modification of a lean-alloyed Ass(FecrMn) for enhancing pitting corrosion resistance was *** surface modification of FecrMn was successfully achieved by a 2.3 kW high power diode laser(HPDL).cyclic polarization tests for FecrMn after laser surface modification in 3.5% Nacl solution at 25 ℃ were performed by using a *** pitting resistance of the laser-modified specimens was found to be significantly improved as reflected by the noble shift in pitting *** could be attributed to redistribution of manganese sulphide leading to a more homogenous and refined *** corrosion resistance of the laser-treated FecrMn followed by subsequent citric acid passivation was found to be further improved as reflected by the noble shift in pitting potential to 0.18 V.

关键词： laser surface melting HPDL lean-alloyed austenite stainless steel pitting corrosion citric acid passivation

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and c(PkA and Pkc)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PkA/Pkc activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Zinc-oxide/PDMs-clad tapered fiber saturable absorber for passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser

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chinese Physics B 2021年第5期30卷 384-389页

作者： F D Muhammad s A s Husin E k Ng k Y Lau c A c Abdullah M A Mahdi Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Wireless and Photonics Networks Research centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Tietotie 3Aalto University02150 EspooFinland

We propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)based on zinc-oxide/polydimethylsiloxane(ZnO/PDMs)saturable absorber(sA)that evanescently interacts with the light on a tapered *** ZnO/PDMs composite is coated on the whole surface of the tapered fiber to guarantee the maximum efficiency of the sA device,with a measured insertion loss of 0.87 dB and a modulation depth of 6.4%.The proposed laser can generate soliton mode-locking operation at a threshold power of 33.07 *** generated output pulse yields a repetition rate and pulse width of 9.77 MHz and 1.03 ps,*** results indicate that the proposed ZnO/PDMs-clad tapered fiber could be useful as an efficient,compatible,and low-cost sA device for ultrafast laser applications.

关键词： zinc-oxide saturable absorber tapered fiber mode-locked fiber laser

Amygdala neural ensemble mediates mouse social investigation behaviors

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National science Review 2023年第1期10卷 108-126页

作者： Ji-an Wei Qing Han Zhihua Luo Linglin Liu Jing cui Jiahui Tan Billy k.c.chow kwok-Fai so Li Zhang key Laboratory of cNs Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan University school of Biological sciences The University of Hong Kong state key Laboratory of Brain and cognitive science Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong center for Brain science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Bioland Laboratory(Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) co-Innovation center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute of clinical Research for Mental Health Jinan University

Innate social investigation behaviors are critical for animal survival and are regulated by both neural circuits and neuroendocrine *** understanding of how neuropeptides regulate social interest,however,is incomplete at the current *** this study,we identified the expression of secretin(scT) in a subpopulation of excitatory neurons in the basolateral *** distinct mole cular and physiological features,BLAscT+cells projected to the medial prefrontal cortex and were necessary and sufficient for promoting social investigation behaviors,whilst other basolateral amygdala neurons were anxiogenic and antagonized social ***,the exogenous application of secretin effectively promoted social interest in both healthy and autism spectrum disorder model *** results collectively demonstrate a previously unrecognized group of amygdala neurons for mediating social behaviors and suggest promising strategies for social deficits.

关键词： social interaction basolateral amygdala secretin