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Effect of Stress-Adaptation on Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>

Advances in Microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 76-82页

作者： geetha S. kumar-Phillips Irene Hanning Michael Slavik Department of Food Science and Technology University of Tennessee Knoxville USA Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of human gastroenteritis. Campylobacter jejuni requires special conditions and media in the laboratory for its growth. In nature, however, this organism is able to survive in very diverse and hostile environments and produce disease in humans and animals. The different mechanisms by which C. jejuni survives stressful conditions in the environment still remain unclear. Stress-adaptation may be one of the factors helping this organism to survive stresses. Some C. jejuni strains have been found to have increased antibiotic resistance in last several years. To determine the effect of acid adaptation on the antibiotic sensitivity profile of C. jejuni, 4 different isolates of C. jejuni (a human isolate and 3 poultry isolates) were exposed to an acid pH of 5.5 and then rechallenged with different stresses. The antibiotic sensitivity profiles of C. jejuni after stress-adaptation were compared with antibiotic sensitivity profiles of non-stressed C. jejuni using the kirby Bauer agar disc diffusion assay. The antibiotic sensitivity profiles of the C. jejuni isolates used in this study were found to change when the acidadapted bacteria were subjected to further stresses such as an acidic pH of 4.5, aerobic atmosphere and starvation. In the majority of the cases, antibiotic-resistant C. jejuni isolates were found to be more sensitive to antibiotics after stress-adaptation, but in a few cases C. jejuni showed increased resistance. These results indicate that increasing various stresses in a sequential pattern may, in some cases, reduce antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolates.

关键词： Campylobacter jejuni Stress Stress-Adaptation Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotics

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CHEBYSHEV CENTERS PROXIMINALITY AND FARTHEST POINTS IN STRONG NORMED ALMOST LINEAR SPACES

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 1997年第4期13卷 99-111页

作者： geetha S. Rao T. L. Bhaskaramurthi University of Madras IndiaUniversity of Madras India

Some results from the theory of best (or best simultaneous) approximation in a narmed linear space have been extended to a normed almost linear space [strong normed almost linear space].

关键词： CHEBYSHEV CENTERS PROXIMINALITY AND FARTHEST POINTS IN STRONG NORMED ALMOST LINEAR SPACES

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Use of inflammatory markers as predictor for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients with stagesⅢb-Ⅴchronic kidney disease?

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第5期12卷 286-295页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel geetha Sushmita Prabhu Abinesh Sekar Maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh Ajay k Mishra George M Abraham Suzanne Martin Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas Health-San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78201United States Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Nephrology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

BACkGROUND Studies have shown elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)to predict mechanical ventilation(MV)in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Its utility is unknown in patients with chronic kidney disease(CkD),who have elevated baseline CRP levels due to chronic inflammation and reduced renal *** To assess whether an association exists between elevated inflammatory markers and MV rate in patients with stagesⅢb-ⅤCkD and *** We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with COVID-19 and stagesⅢb-Ⅴ*** primary outcome was the rate of invasive MV,the rate of noninvasive MV,and the rate of no *** analyses used unpaired t-test for continuous variables and chi-square analysis for categorical *** for variables were CRP:100 mg/L,ferritin:530 ng/mL,D-dimer:0.5 mg/L,and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH):590 U/*** 290 were screened,and 118 met the inclusion ***,D-dimer,and ferritin were significantly different among the three *** univariate analysis for invasive MV(IMV),CRP had an odds ratio(OR)-5.44;ferritin,OR-2.8;LDH,OR-7.7;D-dimer,OR-3.9,(PkD *** AUROC demonstrates a good sensitivity for CRP levels in detecting the need for MV in patients with stagesⅢb-Ⅴ*** may be because of the greater magnitude of increased inflammation due to COVID-19 itself compared with increased inflammation and reduced clearance due to CkD alone.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Chronic kidney disease Inflammatory markers C-reactive protein Invasive mechanical ventilation Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

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Multi-Constrained QoS Opportunistic Routing by Optimal Power Tuning in Low Duty-Cycle WSNs

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第10期7卷 2928-2939页

作者： V. P. Jayachitra G. geetha Durbaka Aishwarya Department of Computer Technology MIT Campus Anna University Chennai India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Jerusalem College of Engineering Anna University Chennai India

Designing a multi-constrained QoS (Quality of service) communication protocol for mission-critical applications that seeks a path connecting source node and destination node that satisfies multiple QoS constrains such as energy cost, delay, and reliability imposes a great challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In such challenging dynamic environment, traditional routing and layered infrastructure are inefficient and sometimes even infeasible. In recent research works, the opportunistic routing paradigm which delays the forwarding decision until reception of packets in forwarders by utilizing the broadcast nature of the wireless medium has been exploited to overcome the limitations of traditional routing. However, to guarantee the balance between the energy, delay and reliability requires the refinement of opportunistic routing through interaction between underlying layers known as cross-layer opportunistic routing. Indeed, these schemes fail to achieve optimal performance and hence require a new method to facilitate the adoption of the routing protocol to the dynamic challenging environments. In this paper, we propose a universal cross-layered opportunistic based communication protocol for WSNs for guaranteeing the user set constraints on multi-constrained QoS in low-duty-cycle WSN. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed work, Multi-Constrained QoS Opportunistic routing by optimal Power Tuning (MOR-PT) effectively achieves the feasible QoS trade-off constraints set by user by jointly considering the power control and selection diversity over established algorithms like DSF [1] and DTPC [2].

关键词： Cross-Layer Transmission Power Control Latency Control Energy Efficiency Network Throughput Multi-Hop Wireless Networks Mission Critical Applications

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Re-Challenge with Clozapine after Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Seizure in a Patient with Di-George Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第1期10卷 9-14页

作者： geetha Chandrashekar Ganesh Gopalakrishna Austin Campbell katherine Edwards Muaid Ithman Department of Psychiatry University of Missouri Columbia USA Department Psychiatry University of Arizona Tucson USA Department of Pharmacy University of Missouri Health Care Columbia USA

Background: Individuals with 22q11.2DS, a genetic subtype of Schizophrenia, respond as well to clozapine as those with other forms of Schizophrenia. It has been reported that serious and rare adverse events like seizures, and myocarditis have been associated with clozapine treatment in this population. To the best of our knowledge, the incidence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) as an adverse effect of antipsychotic use in patients with this disorder has not yet been reported. Aim: In this article, we discuss a case of clozapine-induced NMS and subsequent re-challenge in a patient with 22q11.2DS-associated schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to accumulate scientific data about rare presentations, and serve as a major educational tool, and highlight the unique challenges faced when using clozapine in a patient with DiGeorge Syndrome. Methods: This is a descriptive case report of a patient encountered in the inpatient unit which includes retrospective review of the patient’s electronic medical record and a literature review of antipsychotic medications-induced NMS. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a successful re-challenge with clozapine after the patient developed NMS and seizures during the initial treatment and also highlights how, in addition to drug level monitoring, considering pharmacogenetic testing early in treatment might help minimize adverse drug reactions in individuals with known genetic disorders such as 22q11.2DS.

关键词： Clozapine DiGeorge Syndrome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) Seizure Re-Challenge

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Antineoplastic effects of deoxyelephantopin,a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopusscaber, on lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第4期11卷 269-277页

作者： Farha A. kabeer geetha B. Sreedevi Mangalam S. Nair Dhanya S. Rajalekshmi LathaP. Gopalakrishnan Sujathan kunjuraman Remani Prathapan Division of Cancer Research Regional Cancer Centre Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology

OBJECTIVE： Deoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber, showed inhibition of the growth of various tumor cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing capacity of deoxyelephantopin on lung adenocarcinoma （A549） cells. METHODS： The cytotoxic effect of deoxyelephantopin on A549 cells and normal lymphocytes was evaluated using 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay and 50% inhibitory concentration （IC50） value was determined. The self-renewal and proliferating potential of A549 cells after treatment with deoxyelephantopin were examined by colony formation assay. Cellular morphology of deoxyelephantopin-treated cells was observed using phase- contrast microscopy. The induction of apoptosis was evaluated using acddine orange and ethidium bromide staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling （TUNEL） assay, DNA fragmentation analysis and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining by flow cytometry. Activation of caspases was detected using fluorogenic substrate specific to caspases 2, 3, 8 and 9 and flow cytometric analysis. The total cellular DNA content and expression of cleaved poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase was also analyzed. RESULTS： Deoxyelephantopin exhibited cytotoxicity to A549 cells （IC50 = 12.287 μg/mL）, however, there was no toxicity towards normal human lymphocytes. Deoxyelephantopin suppressed the colony-forming ability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Acridine orange, ethidium bromide and Hoechst 33342 staining showed cell shrinkage, chromosomal condensation and nuclear fragmentation, indicating induction of apoptosis. Deoxyelephantopin increased apoptosis of A549 cells, as evidenced by more TUNEL-positive cells. DNA fragmentation and Annexin V staining revealed late-stage apoptotic cell population. Deoxyelephantopin inhibited A549 cell growth by cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase an

关键词： herbal medicine lung neoplasms Elephantopus scaber , deoxyelephantopin apoptosis caspases cell line, tumor A549 cells

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胡椒愈伤组织的离体诱导

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世界热带农业信息 1993年第4期 21-23页

作者： C.k.geetha 成翠兰

本文详述利用胡椒植株各部位的外殖体诱导愈伤组织的情况。

关键词：愈伤组织诱导愈伤外殖体根段离体培养体细胞变异无性繁殖喀拉拉邦激动素器官形成

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A Rare Case of Facial Palsy Due to Mucormycosis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第3期4卷 224-228页

作者： Vaishali Shah H. Ganapathy Ram Gopalakrishnan N. geetha ENT Department Apollo Main Hospital Chennai India Infectious Diseases Department Apollo Main Hospital Chennai India Pathology Department Apollo Main Hospital Chennai India

A very uncommon instance of facial nerve palsy involving isolated temporal bone with associated uncontrolled diabetes mellitus has been noticed. A 53-year-old diabetic male presented himself with facial asymmetry, ear pain, and discharge in the right ear of one-month duration. Clinical examination revealed grade IV [House-Brackmann] right sided facial palsy, and otoscopy of small central perforation. Clinically acute otitis media with facial palsy diagnosis was made. There was minimal response to medical treatment. As per CT scan and audiometry findings, patient was subjected for exploratory mastoidectomy showing pale granulation tissue involving geniculate ganglion of facial nerve. The histopathology was suggestive of mucormycosis, an unusual presentation in middle ear. The patient was treated with injectable Amphotericin B. This case highlights a rare cause of isolated facial palsy and physicians should be aware of such atypical clinical presentation.

关键词： Facial Palsy Diabetes Mellitus Mucormycosis

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Rapid LC-ESI-MS-MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Sitagliptin and Pioglitazone in Rat Plasma and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第12期3卷 849-858页

作者： Samanthula Gananadhamu Vaddepally Laxmikanth Saladi Shantikumar Veeraraghavan Sridhar Caringula geetha Chennupati Sandhya Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad India Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Department Incozen Therapeutics Private Limited Hyderabad India

A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based method was developed for the simultaneous monitoring plasma levels of Sitagliptin (STG) and Pioglitazone (PIO) for applicability to pharmacokinetic studies. The method was based on HPLC separation on the reversed phase Phenomenex Synergy C18 column (30 mm length, 4.6 mm internal diameter, and 4.0 μm particle size) at a temperature of 40?C using a binary gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate buffer pH adjusted to 4.5 with acetic acid, at a flow rate of 1 mL?min?1. Tolbutamide was used as an internal standard. Detection of analytes was achieved with LC-MS/MS system in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode. The method was validated over concentration range of 10.98 - 2091.77 ng?mL?1 for SIT and 8.25 - 1571.63 ng?mL?1 for PIO and lower limit of quantification was 10.98 ng?mL?1 and 8.25 ng?mL?1 for STG and PIO respectively. Recoveries from spiked controls were within acceptance criteria for all the analytes and internal standard at all QC levels. Within batch and between batch accuracy for STG was found within 96.9% - 100.3% and for PIO was found within 100.0% - 104.3%. Within batch and between batch precision for STG was less than 3.1% CV (coefficient of variation) and for PIO was less than 5.3% CV at all concentrations levels. This method was successfully applied to monitor pharmacokinetics profile of both STG and PIO on simultaneous oral administration to rats. This method can be applicable for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies.

关键词： Sitagliptin Pioglitazone LC-MS/MS Bioanalytical Method Validation

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Maxillofacial trauma in a pregnant patient:Contemporary management principles with a case report&review of literature

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2020年第2期23卷 78-83页

作者： geetha Sridharan Elavenil Panneerselvam keerthana Ponvel Swetha Tarun V.B.krishna kumar Raja Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery SRM Dental College and HospitalRamapuram CampusRamapuramChennai 600089Tamil NaduIndia

Trauma during pregnancy deserves special attention because of its management objectives,***-being of both pregnant woman and *** trauma directly affects the nutrition of foetus by interfering with the normal functions in a pregnant woman such as mouth *** and breathing,Hence early restitution of form and function of maxillofacial skeleton is ***,the gravid status is associated with numerous anatomical and physiological changes which present with clinical dilemma related to imaging and treatment.A careful scrutiny of the patient's systermic and gestational status is absolutely essential before,during and after instituting any interventional *** present a case of bilateral condyle fracture in a 30-year-old pregnant woman in the third trimester(32 weeks).She was treated with inter maxillary fixation using orthodontic brackets&*** successful restitution of occlusion,the patient was advised aggressive physiotherapy which ensured normal mouth *** weeks later,the patient delivered *** patient was followed up at one month and 3 month and demonstrated restitution of normal occlusion,mouth opening and lower|acial *** article aims at analyzing the contermporary principles in management of maxillfacial trauma in a pregnant woman and clarifying the common misconceptions.

关键词： Trauma Pregnancy Foetus Condyle fracture

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