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Medical training fails to prepare providers to care for patients with chronic hepatitis B infection

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第22期21卷 6914-6923页

作者： Stephanie D Chao Bing-Mei wang Ellen T chang Li Ma Samuel k So Department of Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Asian Liver Center at Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto Asian Liver Center at Stanford University Stanford University School of Medicine Asian Liver Center at Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto Division of Epidemiology Department of Health Research and Policy Stanford University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate physicians' knowledge including chronic hepatitis B(CHB) diagnosis, screening, and management in various stages of their ***: A voluntary 20-question survey was administered in Santa Clara County, CA where Asian and Pacific Islanders(API) account for a third of the population. Among the 219 physician participants,there were 63 interns, 60 second-year residents, 26 chief residents and 70 attending physicians. The survey asked questions regarding respondents' demographics,general hepatitis B virus knowledge questions(i.e.,transmission, prevalence, diagnostic testing, prevention,and treatment options), as well as, self-reported practice behavior and confidence in ***: knowledge about screening and managing patients with CHB was poor: only 24% identified the correct tests to screen for CHB, 13% knew the next steps for patients testing positive for CHB, 18% knew the high prevalence rate among API, and 31% knew how to screen for liver cancer. wald chi-square analysis determined the effect of training level on knowledge; in all cases except for knowledge of liver cancer screening(p = 0.0032), knowledge did not significantly increase with length in residency training or completion of ***: Even in a high-risk region, both medical school and residency training have not adequatelyprepared physicians in the screening and management of CHB.

关键词： Liver cancer Hepatitis B Asian PacificIslander Liver disease Health disparity

Comparing imaging capabilities of spectral domain and swept source optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy subjects and central serous retinopathy

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 182-190页

作者： Fupeng wang Qinqin Zhang Anthony J.Deegan Jun chang Ruikang k.wang Department of Bioengineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98105USA School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

Background:There are two forms of system implementation of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in ophthalmic imaging,i.e.,spectral domain(SD-)and swept source OCTA(SS-OCTA).The purpose of this paper is to compare the SD-OCTA and SS-OCTA for elucidating structural and vascular features associated with central serous retinopathy(CSR),and to evaluate the effects of CSR on SD-and SS-OCTA’s imaging ***:Normal subjects and CSR patients were imaged by SD-and SS-OCTA using 3×3 mm and 6×6 mm scan *** signal strengths at the superficial retina,deep retina,Sattler’s layer and Haller’s layer were used to compare the ability of SD-and SS-OCTA to image structural *** addition,the ability to acquire angiograms were discussed by evaluating retinal vessel *** serous volume(CSV)was measured and it was correlated with difference in signal strengths(ΔS)between two OCTA ***:Seven normal eyes and seven diseased eyes were *** showed no significant differences between SD-and SS-OCT in detecting structural features of the retinal layer according to the paired ***,when imaging the Sattler’s layer for normal eyes,a significant difference is found between SD-and SS-OCT(pwhile for CSR eyes,the corresponding values were pwere p=0.0004 and p=0.0014;and for CSR eyes,p=0.0004 and pweenΔS and CSV was observed in the Sattler’s layer(3×3 mm–p=0.0031 and R^(2)=0.951;6×6 mm–p=0.0075 and R^(2)=0.911)and Haller’s layer(3×3 mm–p=0.0026 and R^(2)=0.955;6×6 mm–p=0.0013 and R^(2)=0.972).Conclusions:The results suggest no differences between SD-and SS-OCTA for imaging the retinal layers however,when imaging beyond retinal layers,SS-OCTA appears advantageous in detecting returning *** CSR cases,the CSV may have an impact on sub-C

关键词： Optical coherence tomography Spectral domain OCTA Swept source OCTA Central serous retinopathy Signal strength Central serous volume

On the Turán Density of Uniform Hypergraphs

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2023年第3期39卷 638-646页

作者： An chang Guo-rong GAO Center for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Let p,q be two positive *** 3-graph F(p,q)is obtained from the complete 3-graph k_(p)^(3)by adding q new vertices and P_(q/2)new edges of the form vxy for which v∈V(k_p~3)and{x,y}are new *** frequently appears in many literatures on the Turán number or Turán density of *** this paper,we first construct a new class of r-graphs which can be regarded as a generalization of the 3-graph F(p,q),and prove that these r-graphs have the same Turán density under some ***,we investigate the Turán density of the F(p,q)for small p,q and obtain some new bounds on their Turán densities.

关键词： Hypergraph Turán density Bound

Velocity Profiles between Two Baffles in a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Thermal Science 2015年第4期24卷 356-363页

作者： Tae-Hyun chang chang-Hoan Lee Hae-Soo Lee kwon-Soo Lee Senior Research Fellow of RESEAT Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Postdoctoral Research Fellow School of Mechanical Engineering of Kyungnam University International University of korea

Heat exchangers are extensively utilized for waste heat recovery,oil refining,chemical processing,and steam *** this study,velocity profiles are measured using a 3D particle image velocimetry(PIV)system between two baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger for parallel and counter *** PIV and computational fluid dynamics results show the occurrence of some strong vectors near the *** vectors are assumed due to the clearance between the inner tubes and the front ***,the major parts of the vectors are moved out through the bottom opening of the rear baffle,and other vectors produce a large circle between the two *** simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of the baffle on the heat exchanger using the Fluent *** k-εturbulence model is employed to calculate the flows along the heat exchanger.

关键词： Baffle P1V Shell and tube heat exchanger Cut off ratio CFD

Magnetocaloric effect of Pr_2Fe_(17-x)Mn_x alloys

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Rare Metals 2014年第5期33卷 552-555页

作者： Xi-Chun Zhong Zhong-wu Liu De-chang Zeng karl A.Gschneidner Jr. Vitalij k.Pecharsky School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Ames Laboratory U.S.Department of Energy and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University

Polycrystalline Pr2Fe17-xMnx（x = 0, 1, and 2）alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, heat capacity, ac susceptibility, and isothermal magnetization measurements. All the alloys adopt the rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure. The Curie temperature increases from 283 k at x = 0 to 294 k at x = 1, and then decreases to 285 k at x = 2. The magnetic phase transition at the Curie temperature is a typical second-order paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition. For an applied field change from0 to 5 T, the maximum-△SM for Pr2Fe17-xMnxalloys with x = 0, 1, and 2 are 5.66, 5.07, and 4.31 J·kg^-1·k^-1,respectively. The refrigerant capacity（RC） values range from 458 to 364 J·kg^-1, which is about 70 %–89 % that of Gd. The large, near room temperature △SM and RC values,chemical stability, and a high performance-to-cost ratio make Pr2Fe17-xMnxalloys be selectable materials for room temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.

关键词： Pr2Fe17-xMnx alloys Magnetocaloric effect Magnetic entropy change

Arrayed Lensed Fibers Collectively Fabricated Utilizing UV-Curable Fluorinated Polymer

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 90-91页

作者： kyung-Rok kim Manjung Han Selee chang k. Oh Department of Information and Communications K-JIST 1 Oryong-dong Puk-gu Kwangju 500-712 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Information and Communications K-JIST 1 Oryong-dong Puk-gu Kwangju 500-712 Republic of KoreaLuvantix Co. ltd. 403-2 Moknae Ansan city Kyounggi Republic of KoreaDepartment of Information and Communications K-JIST 1 Oryong-dong Puk-gu Kwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea

A novel fabrication method for lensed fiber array has been proposed utilizing UV-curable fluorinated polymer, whose refractive index is matched to fused silica. The structure is composed of three segments; single mode fiber, coreless silica fiber and UV-curable polymer lens-tip. Flexible control of the curvature of lens-tip was realized by control of deposited volume of the liquid polymer and free-space interconnection performances are characterized.

关键词： UV in as of for were Arrayed Lensed Fibers Collectively Fabricated Utilizing UV-Curable Fluorinated Polymer CSF have mode

Identification of variable coefficients for vibrating systems by boundary control and observation

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控制理论与应用（英文版） 2008年第2期6卷 127-132页

作者： Jinde chang Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

we consider the identification problem of coefficients for vibrating systems described by a Euler-Bernoulli beam eq~. ation Or a string equation, with one end clamped and with an input exerted on the other end. For the beam equation, the observations are the velocity and the angle velocity at the free end, while for the string equation, the observation is the velocity at the free end. In the framework of well-posed linear system theory, we show that both the density and the flexural rigidity of the beam, and the tension of the string, can be uniquely determined by the observations for all positive times. Moreover, a general constructive method is developed to show that the mass density and the elastic modulus of the string are not determined by the observation.

关键词： Beam equation Identifiability well-posedness Variable coefficients Inverse problem

Application of the rotating-convection paradigm for tropical cyclones to interpreting medicanes:An example

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第3期11卷 131-145页

作者： Gerard kilroy Hongyan Zhu Minhee chang Roger k.Smith Meteorological Institute Ludwig-Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany Research Science and InnovationBureau of MeteorologyMelbourneAustralia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The rotating-convection paradigm for tropical cyclone behaviour is shown to provide an attractive and consistent framework for interpreting the dynamics of formation and intensification of at least some *** ideas are illustrated by a case study of the medicane that formed over the eastern Mediterranean in mid-December *** case study is based on analyses of data from the European Centre for Medium Range weather Forecasts(ECMwF),imagery from the European geostationary meteorological satellite,Meteosat Second Generation,and output from a convection permitting numerical simulation of the event using the United kingdom(Uk)Met Office regional model with the RAL2 physics *** of the currently widely accepted interpretation of medicanes in terms of the so-called wind-Induced Surface Heat Exchange(wISHE)intensification mechanism are discussed.

关键词： Tropical cyclone Hurricane Typhoon Deep convection Medicane

Sea level change under IPCC-A2 scenario in Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas

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water Science and Engineering 2014年第4期7卷 446-456页

作者： chang-lin CHEN Jun-cheng ZUO Mei-xiang CHEN Zhi-gang GAO C.-k.SHUM State key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai University National Marine Date and Information Service State Oceanic Administration School of Earth Sciences Ohio State University

Because of the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of anthropogenic sea level rise （SLR）, it is very important to understand the processes leading to past and present SLRs towards more reliable future SLR projections. A regional ocean general circulation model （ROGCM）, with a grid refinement in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas （BYECSs）, was set up to project SLR induced by the ocean dynamic change in the 21st century. The model does not consider the contributions from ice sheets and glacier melting. Data of all forcing terms required in the model came from the simulation of the Community Climate System Model version 3.0 （CCSM3） under the International Panel on Climate change （IPCC）-A2 scenario. Simulation results show that at the end of the 21st century, the sea level in the BYECSs will rise about 0.12 to 0.20 m. The SLR in the BYECSs during the 21st century is mainly caused by the ocean mass redistribution due to the ocean dynamic change of the Pacific Ocean, which means that water in the Pacific Ocean tends to move to the continental shelves of the BYECSs, although the local steric sea level change is another factor.

关键词： sea level rise steric sea level change IPCC-A2 scenario mass redistribution Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas