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Eliciting CD4-mimicking broadly neutralizing antibodies:new avenues towards the rational design of an HIV vaccine

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Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2024年第3期9卷 836-838页

作者： Frauke Muecksch Oliver t.Fackler Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergVirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany Chica and Heinz Schaller(CHS)Research Group Department of Infectious DiseasesVirologyUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergIntegrative VirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

In a study recently published in Cell,Saunders et *** that a new anti-HIV vaccine triggers antibody responses resembling CD4-binding site broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in rhesus macaques.1 this study provid... 详细信息

关键词： al. vaccine rational

Recent Advances in Catalytic Carbonylation Reactions in Alternative Reaction Media

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 406-429页

作者： Csaba Árvai László t.Mika Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and BiotechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3H-1111 BudapestHungary

Since the discovery of the hydroformylation(oxo-synthesis or Roelen reaction)and the Reppe-reaction,the transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions,providing versatile,facile,and even atom-economic methods for the selective incorporation of C=O functionality to various skeletons,have gained tremendous importance in synthetic organic chemistry from laboratories to industrial *** carbonylation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds,aromatic halides,triflates,etc.,in the presence of various nucleophiles has led the way to produce aldehydes,carboxylic acids,esters,amides,etc.,in the fine chemical ***,these protocols usually proceed in conventional,fossil-based,and usually toxic reaction ***,several attempts have been directed to developing efficient carbonylation methods in alternative,less harmful,non-fossil-based and even in renewable reaction *** this review,we overview the recent applications of alternative solvents such as water,biomass-based alcohols,γ-valerolactone(GVL),2-methyltetrahydrofuran(2-MetHF),ionic liquids(ILs),deep eutectic solvents(DES),alkyl levulinates,limonene,α-pinene,and dimethyl carbonate as well as fluorous media to improve efficiency,safety and environmentally benign nature of carbonylation protocols.

关键词： Carbonylation Catalysis Solvents Green chemistry Carbon monoxide transition metals Homogeneous catalysis Palladium

D-type neuropeptide decorated AIEgen/RENP hybrid nanoprobes with light-driven ROS generation ability for NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging-guided through-skull photodynamic therapy of gliomas

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 185-195页

作者： Xuelu He Yuan Luo Yanying Li Yuanbo Pan Ryan t.k.kwok Lulu He Xiaolin Duan Pengfei Zhang Aiguo Wu Ben Zhong tang Juan Li Ningbo key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and technology Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and ApplicationChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesNingbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboP.R.China Guangdong key Laboratory of Nanomedicine Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and NanoformulationsCAS-HK Joint Lab for BiomaterialsResearch Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular ImagingShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular ImagingCAS Key Lab for Health InformaticsShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenP.R.China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(HKUST)KowloonP.R.China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenP.R.China

Glioma is one of the most common malignant tumors of the central nervous system,leading high mortality rates in ***-induced emission(AIE)photosensitizers-based photodynamic therapy(PDt)has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for least-invasive treatment of glioma,which involves local irradiation of the tumor using an external near-infrared(NIR)***,most AIE photosensitizers suffered from poorly penetration of the visible light excitation,bad spatiotemporal resolution in deep tissues and low efficient blood-brain barrier(BBB)crossing ability,which greatly limited the clinical practice of AIE photosensitizers for especially deep-seated brain tumor *** this work,we developed a multifunctional NIR-driven theranostic agent through hybrid of AIE photosensitizers tIND with rare-earth doping nanoparticles(RENPs)NaGdF4:Nd/Yb/tm with up/down dual-mode conversion *** theranostic agent was further decorated with D-type neuropeptide DNPY for crossing BBB and targeting *** the 808-nm light irradiation,the down-conversion NIR-II luminescence could indicate the position glioma and the upconversion NIR-I luminescence could trigger the AIE photosensitizers producing reactive oxygen species to inhibit orthotopic glioma tumor growth in *** results demonstrate that the integration of Dtype neuropeptide,AIE photosensitizers and RENPs could be promising candidates for in vivo NIR-II fluorescence image-guided through-skull PDt treatments of brain tumors.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission D-type neuropeptide glioma photodynamic therapy rare-earth doping nanoparticles

Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： J.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth k.Oksavik E.Donovon A.kavanagh S.E.Milan t.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors t.Yeoman X.tan M.G.G.t.taylor k.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.k.James L.Juusola k.kauristie E.A.kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick k.Sterne A.Steuwer t.Sun M.-t.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada EStEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

the joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conjunctions missions

EP Aquarii:A New Picture of the Circumstellar Envelope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 83-105页

作者： Pham t.Nhung Do t.Hoai Pierre Darriulat Pham tuan-Anh Pham N.Diep Nguyen B.Ngoc tran t.thai Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHa Noivietnam

New analyses of earlier ALMA observations of oxygen-rich AGB star EP Aquarii are presented,which complete a previously published analysis and offer a different interpretation of the morpho-kinematics of the circumstellar *** birth of the equatorial density enhancement(EDE)is shown to occur very close to the star where evidence for rotation has been *** to the star and where outflows have been observed:their interaction with the gas of the nascent EDE is seen to play an important role in the development of the wind and the evolution of its radial velocity from 8 to 10 km s^(-1) on the polar symmetry axis to~2 km s^(-1) at the *** implies complex morpho-kinematics:making reliable interpretations with reasonable confidence is *** particular,it questions an earlier interpretation implying the presence of a white dwarf companion orbiting the star at an angular distance of -0″4 from its *** proposes instead an interpretation in terms of a standard mass ejection associated with a shock wave leaving a void of emission in its *** Doppler velocity wings are seen to consist of two components,the upper velocity end of the global wind,reaching above±12 km s^(-1),and an effective line broadening,confined within 200 mas from the center of the star,reaching above±20 km s^(-1) and interpreted as caused by the pattern of shock waves resulting from the interaction between stellar pulsation and convective cell partition.

关键词： stars AGB and post-AGB-(stars) circumstellar matter-radio lines stars

RARRES2's impact on lipid metabolism in triplenegative breast cancer:a pathway to brain metastasis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 311-312页

作者： Quazi t.H.Shubhra Institute of Chemistry University of Silesia in Katowice41‑500 ChorzowPoland Department of Neurosurgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM)is a crucial and hard area of research which guarantees an urgent need to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.A recent study by Li et al.[1]published in Military Medical Research investigated the role of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2)in regulating lipid metabolism in BCBrM,highlighting the clinical relevance of alterations in lipid metabolites,such as phosphatidylcholine(PC)and triacylglycerols(tAGs),by RARRES2 through the modulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PtEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mtOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP1)signaling *** commentary aims to elaborate on the key findings and their relevance to the field.

关键词： Retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2) Lipid metabolism Cancer PtEN-mtOR-SREBP1 signaling Metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis

two-dimensional atomically thin Pt layers on MXenes: the role of electronic effects during catalytic dehydrogenation of ethane and propane

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1251-1258页

作者： Zhe Li tobias k.Misicko Fan Yang Xiaopeng Liu Zhenwei Wu Xiaoyang Gao tao Ma Jeffrey t.Miller Daniela S.Mainardi Collin D.Wick Zhenhua Zeng Yang Xiao Yue Wu Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State University618 Bissell RoadAmesIA 50011USA Institute for Micromanufacturing Louisiana Tech University505 Tech DriveRustonLA 71272USA Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University480 Stadium Mall DriveWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Michigan Center for Materials Characterization University of Michigan2800 Plymouth RdAnn Arbor MI 48109USA College of Engineering and Science Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71272USA

Atomically thin Pt nanolayers were synthesized on the surface of Mo2tiC2 MXenes and used for the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethane and propane into ethylene and propylene,two important chemicals for the petrochemical *** compared with Pt nanoparticles,the atomically thin Pt nanolayer catalyst showed superior coke-resistance(no deactivation for 24 h),high activity(turnover frequencies(tOFs)of 0.4–1.2 s^(-1)),and selectivity(>95%)toward ethylene and *** unique Pt nanolayer has a similar geometric surface to Pt nanoparticles,enabling the investigations of the electronic effect on the catalytic performance,where the geometric effect is *** is found that the electronic effect plays a critical role in dehydrogenative product selectivity and catalyst *** metal–support interaction is found dependent on the substrate and metal components,providing wide opportunities to explore high-performance MXene-supported metallic catalysts.

关键词： MXene catalysis alkane dehydrogenation nanolayers

Basis for the diversity and extent in loss of digestible nutrients created by dietary phytin: Emphasis on fowl and swine

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动物营养学报 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin t. Moran Michael R. Bedford Poultry Science Department Auburn University AL 36830-5416 USA AB Vista Woodstock Court Blenheim Road Marlborough Wiltshire SN8 4AN UK

Phytin is the Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -k + salt of phytic acid that is created and deposited in the aleurone layer and/or germ of grains and legumes. Its high presence in feedstuffs for fowl and swine diets results in it being a universal and significant impediment to optimum performance. Phytin impairs gastrointestinal recovery of a wide array of nutrients, the effect varying with the nutrient concerned. On exposure to low pH during gastric digestion, phytin dissociates into phytic acid and solubilized Ca 2+ . Even at low gastric pH, phytic acid is negatively charged which forms the basis of its anti-nutritive behavior. Pepsinogen has extensive basic amino acids on its activation peptide that are presented as cations at low pH which are targeted by pepsin for activation. Partially crystalized Ca 2+ near the enzyme's active site further stabilizes its newly formed structure. thus, phytic acid appears to interfere with gastric digestion by several mechanisms; interfering with pepsinogen activation by binding to the polypeptide's basic amino acids; coordinating free Ca 2+ , destabilizing pepsin; binding some dietary proteins directly, further compromising gastric proteolysis. Upon digesta attaining neutrality in the duodenum, Ca 2+ and other cations re-bind with accessible anions, phytic acid being a significant contender. Phytate not only binds free cations but can also strip them from enzymes (e.g. Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ ) which reduces their structural resistance to autolysis and ability as co-factors (e.g. Zn 2+ ) to increase enzyme activity. Goblet cells initially employ Ca 2+ as an electronic shield between mucin layers enabling granule formation and cell storage. After mucin granule release, Ca 2+ is progressively displaced by Na + to free the viscous mucins enabling its translocation. Mucin entangles with the glycocalyx of adjacent enterocytes thereby constructing the unstirred water layer (USWL). Excessive removal of Ca 2+ from mucin by phytic acid increases its fluidity facilit

关键词： Digestive enzyme Calcium Endogenous protein Mucin Phytin

Nonlinear-Optical Analogies in Nuclear-Like Soliton Reactions:Selection Rules,Nonlinear tunneling and Sub-Barrier Fusion–Fission

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 1-7页

作者： t.L.Belyaeva V.N.Serkin Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av.Instituto Literario 100C.P.50000TolucaMexico Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Av.4 Sur 104C.P.72001PueblaMexico

the main goal of our study is to reveal unexpected but intriguing analogies arising between optical solitons and nuclear physics,which still remain hidden from *** consider the main cornerstones of the concept of nonlinear optics of nuclear reactions and the well-dressed repulsive-core *** the base of this model,we reveal the most intriguing properties of the nonlinear tunneling of nucleus-like solitons and the soliton selfinduced sub-barrier transparency *** describe novel interesting and stimulating analogies between the interaction of nucleus-like solitons on the repulsive barrier and nuclear sub-barrier *** main finding of this study concerns the conservation of total number of nucleons(or the baryon number)in nuclear-like soliton *** show that inelastic interactions among well-dressed repulsive-core solitons arise only when a“cloud”of“dressing”spectral side-bands appears in the frequency spectra of the *** property of nucleus-like solitons is directly related to the nuclear density distribution described by the dimensionless small shape-squareness *** the Fourier spectra of nucleus-like solitons are similar to the nuclear form *** show that the nuclear-like reactions between well-dressed solitons are realized by“exchange”between“particle-like”side bands in their spectra.

关键词： solitons soliton Nonlinear