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High temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

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电池 2006年第5期36卷 347-353页

作者： k.Scott M.Mamlouk School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials Universityof NewcastleNE1 7RUUK

One of the majorissuesli mitingtheintroduction of polymer electrolyte membranefuel cells(PEMFCs) is thelowtemperature ofoperation which makes platinum-based anode catalysts susceptible to poisoning by the trace amount of CO,inevitably present in *** order to alleviate the problemof COpoisoning andi mprove the power density of the cell,operating at temperature above 100 ℃***-type perfluorosulfonated polymers have been typically used for ***,the conductivity of Nafion-typepolymers is not high enoughto be usedfor fuel cell operations at higher temperature(>90 ℃) and atmospheric pressure because they dehy-drate under these *** additional problem which faces the introduction of PEMFCtechnology is that of supplying or storing hydrogen for cell operation,especially for vehicular *** the use of alternative fuels such as methanol and ethanol is of interest,especially if thiscan be used directlyinthe fuel cell,without reformationto *** mitation of the direct use of alcohol is thelower activity of oxida-tionin comparison to hydrogen,which means that power densities are considerably *** to i mprove activity and power outputhigher temperatures of operation are *** achieve this goal,requires a newpolymer electrolyte membrane which exhibits stabilityand high conductivityin the absence of liquid *** mental data on a polybenzi midazole based PEMFC were *** mple steady-stateisothermal model of the fuel cell is alsoused to aidin fuel cell performance opti *** governing equations involve the coupling of kinetic,ohmic and mass *** also considers the advances madeinthe performance of direct methanol and solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells and considers theirli mi-tations in relation to the source and type of fuels to be used.

关键词： polybenzi midazole(PBI) high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell methanol ethanol

Chemical composition and antifungal potential of apricot,sour cherry,and cherry tree bio-products(resins)against food-borne molds

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 240-244页

作者： Oktay Tomar Gökhan Akarca Veli Gök Ömer İstek kocaeli University Faculty of AgricultureArslanbey Campus41285KocaeliTurkey Afyon kocatepe University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Food Engineering03200AfyonkarahisarTurkey Ahmet İpek Meat Co Organized Industrial Zone1st StreetAfyonkarahisar03200Turkey

In this study,the chemical components of ethanol extracts from the resins of apricot(Prunus armeniaca L.),sour cherry(Prunus cerasus L.)and cherry(Prunus avium L.)trees were *** extracts'antifungal activity,minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC)values were determined on seven different food-borne mold *** was the most abundant phenolic compound in Prunus cerasus and Prunus avium resin extracts,while chlorogenic acid had the highest concentration in Prunus armeniaca resin *** highest antifungal activity and the lowest MIC and MFC values were in the sour cherry tree resin's ethanol extracts(P<0.05).The highest antifungal activity was in the sour cherry tree resin's ethanol extract with a 19.24 mm zone diameter on Aspergillus *** contrast,the lowest effect was on Cladosporium cladosporioides with an 8.00 mm zone diameter in apricot tree resin's ethanol extracts(P<0.05).The lowest MIC and MFC values were recorded using the sour cherry tree resin's ethanol extracts on Rhizopus nigricans(16.6μg/mL)and Aspergillus flavus(47.3μg/mL)***,apricot,sour cherry,and cherry tree resins extracts can be used as natural antifungals against molds.

关键词： Prunus Resin Ethanol extract Naringenin Aspergillus flavus Antifungal

Marker-Assisted Pyramiding of Genes Conferring ResistanceAgainst Bacterial Blight and Blast Diseases into Indian RiceVariety MTU1010

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 306-316页

作者： k.arunakumari c.v.durgarani v.satturu k.r.sarikonda p.d.r.chittoor b.vutukuri g.s.laha a.p.k.nelli s.gattu m.jamal a.prasadbabu s.hajira r.m.sundaram Institute of Biotechnology Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural UniversityRajendranagarHyderabad 500030India Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural UniversityMaruteruWest Godavari District 534122India Agriculture Research Station Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural UniversityNellore 524004India Crop Improvement Section ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendranagarHyderabad 500030India Urmatt Ltd.Wang Chai Chaingrai 57210Thailand

Two major bacterial blight （BB） resistance genes （Xa21 and xa13） and a major gene for blastresistance （Pi54） were introgressed into an Indian rice variety MTU1010 through marker-assistedbackcross breeding. Improved Samba Mahsuri （possessing Xa21 and xa13） and NLR145 （possessingPi54） were used as donor parents. Marker-assisted backcrossing was continued till BC2 generationwherein PCR based functional markers specific for the resistance genes were used for foregroundselection and a set of parental polymorphic microsatellite markers were used for background selectionat each stage of backcrossing. Selected BC2F1 plants from both crosses, having the highest recoveriesof MTU1010 genome （90% and 92%, respectively）, were intercrossed to obtain intercross F1 （ICF1） plants,which were then selfed to generate 880 ICF2 plants possessing different combinations of the BB andblast resistance genes. Among the ICF2 plants, seven triple homozygous plants （xa13xa13Xa21Xa21Pi54Pi54）with recurrent parent genome recovery ranging from 82% to 92% were identified. All the seven ICF2plants showed high resistance against the bacterial blight disease with a lesion lengths of only 0.53–2.28 cm, 1%–5% disease leaf areas and disease scoring values of ‘1’ or ‘3’. The seven ICF2 plants wereselfed to generate ICF3, which were then screened for blast resistance, and all were observed to behighly resistant to the diseases. Several ICF3 lines possessing high level of resistance against BB andblast, coupled with yield, grain quality and plant type on par with MTU1010 were identified and advanced forfurther selection and evaluation.

关键词： gene pyramiding bacterial blight resistance blast resistance rice marker-assistedbackcross breeding

Torsional wave frequency in heterogeneous earth crust lying over dry sandy semi-infinite substratum

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第10期40卷 1399-1412页

作者： S.k.VISHWAkARMA R.kAUR T.R.PANIGRAHI Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology and SciencePilani Hyderabad Campus

The present study is carried out to investigate the transference of torsional surface waves in a heterogeneous anisotropic crust lying over a dry sandy half-space. The rigidities and densities as well as the initial stress are assumed varying as a function of depth in both the media. These variations are the product of the polynomial function of depth in degree n (n ∈ R) and the exponential function of depth. Following the theory of elastic waves, the mathematical model is established. Separation of variables is used to obtain the displacement in the layer and the half-space. Intrinsic boundary conditions are imposed to derive the dispersion equation. The inhomogeneity parameters associated with the rigidity, the density, and the initial stress of the medium are found to have substantial influence on the phase velocity of the torsional surface wave. The graphical presentations are drawn to exhibit the findings. The results thus obtained are significant for the investigation and characterization of torsional surface wave in the heterogeneous anisotropic layer.

关键词： hypergeometric function Laguerre function torsional wave inhomogeneity gravity initial stress sandy medium

Intriguing Origins of Protein Lysine Methylation:Influencing Cell Function Through Dynamic Methylation

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第6期17卷 551-557页

作者： Natalie Mezey William C.S.Cho kyle k.Biggar Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Introduction“There is a kink(shoulder)on[the]Lys peak...”These words scribed in Richard ***’s laboratory notebook marked the discovery of protein methylation and a segue into a new field of scientific research[1].Initially,through ion-exchange chromatography and two-dimensional paper chromatography of the hydrolysate of Salmonella typhimurium flagellin,this“kink”was interpreted as a“new amino acid”,the e-Nmethyl-lysine(NML).This discovery,bolstered by a subsequent examination of purified NML,was the first glimpse of protein methylation in living cells[1].

关键词： Lys Intriguing Origins of Protein Lysine Methylation:Influencing Cell Function Through Dynamic Methylation

Mathematical expression for the relationship between internode number and internode length for bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第3期23卷 435-439页

作者： A. Inoue k. kuraoka F. kitahara Laboratory of Forest Ecology Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic SciencesPrefectural University of KumamotoKumamoto 862-8502Japan Shikoku Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteKochi 780-8077Japan

We analyzed the relationship between internode number and intemode length for one of the largest bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houz. For 50 sample culms with various sizes felled in a pure stand of P. pubescens, the intemode number was assigned from base to tip and the length for each internode was directly measured. The result indicated that the intemode length should be cumulated from base to tip, and then the cumulated internode length should be relativized by the total culm length. It was inappropriate to relativize the internode length by the maximum intenode length. In addition, the relationship between the relative internode number （the intemode number relativized by the total number of intemodes） and the relative cumulated internode length should be described not by a power function but by a sigmoid function such as the third-order function. The determined function enabled us to estimate the actual internode length, with the root mean squared error being 4 cm. In conclusion, the mathematical expression presented here, i.e., the relativization of the cumulated internode length by the total culm length and the application of the sigmoid function, will be useful in describing the relationship between internode number and internode length for P. pubescens.

关键词： culm form power function relative cumulated internode length relative internode number sigmoid function

Modes of a Plasma-Filled Waveguide Determined by a Numerical hp Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第2期5卷 413-425页

作者： k.Appert M.Azaiez R.Gruber Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland TREFLE (UMR CNRS 8505)Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie et de Physique de BordeauxPessacFrance Laboratory of Computational Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland.

We present the application of the recent physics-conforming COOL method[2,4]to the eigenvalue problem of a cylindrical waveguide filled with unmagnetized *** the Fourier transform only along the waveguide and not in poloidal direction,this is a relevant test case for a numerical discretization method in two dimensions(radial and poloidal).Analytically,the frequency spectrum consists of discrete electromagnetic parts and,depending on the electron density profile of the plasma,of infinitely degenerate and/or continuous,essentially electrostatic *** the plasma is absent,the latter reduces to the infinitely degenerate zero eigenvalue of electrostatics.A good discretization method for the Maxwell equations must reproduce these *** is shown here that the COOL method meets this demand properly and to very high precision.

关键词： COOL method physics-conforming continuous spectrum plasma waveguide spectral method

Duodenal heterotopic pancreatic tissue:a case report and literature review

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Gastroenterology Report 2015年第3期3卷 262-265页

作者： Rohit Mehra Aswini k.Pujahari Shyam S.Jaiswal Department of Surgery Armed Forces Medical CollegeWanowrieIndia

Heterotopic pancreas is an aberration in the developmental profile of the *** entity is rarely symptomatic and its malignant transformation is even ***,when present,it poses a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians,as little help comes from gastroenteroscopy and *** exploration remains the only option at times,and it is the histopathological examination that finally clears the *** case report reveals the elusive nature of malignancy in heterotopic pancreas in the duodenum.

关键词： heterotopic pancreas malignant transformation small bowel obstruction

Advanced casting technologies for lightweight automotive applications

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China Foundry 2010年第4期7卷 463-469页

作者： Alan A.Luo Anil k.Sachdev Bob R.Powell General Motors Global Research and Development Center

This paper provides an overview of alloy and process developments in aluminum and magnesium castings for lightweight automotive applications. Wear-resistant aluminum alloys, creep-resistant and high strength/ductility magnesium alloys have been developed for automotive applications. On the process front, vacuumassisted die casting and high vacuum die casting technologies have been developed for high-integrity body and chassis applications. Thin-wall and hollow casting components are being produced by low-pressure die casting processes for structural applications. Overcasting technology is gaining traction and has enabled mixed material designs for automotive sub-systems such as engine cradles and instrument panel beams. Simulation tools developed to predict the interfacial interactions of the dissimilar components and the structural integrity of the overcast systems are being validated in the casting trials.

关键词： lightweight aluminum alloy magnesium alloy die casting