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Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 108-117页

作者： Sanjay k Thakur Anil k Sinha Santosh k Sharma Aarzoo Jahan Dinesh k Negi Ruchika Gupta Sompal Singh Regional Blood Transfusion Centre Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAra 802301BiharIndia Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Pathology Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Cytopathology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACkGROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood *** India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood ***,HCV,HBV,and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/*** highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic ***,millions of blood donations take place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood *** To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor *** The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,*** included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp *** for HIV,HBV,and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card *** prevalence of HBV,HCV,HIV,and syphilis,expressed as *** in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).RESULTS The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in *** overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBV,HCV,HIV-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,***-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the l

关键词： Blood donors Transfusion transmissible infections Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Malaria parasite Syphilis

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Hybrid and enhanced electrokinetic system for soil remediation from heavy metals and organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 424-450页

作者： Faris M.Hamdi Namuun Ganbat Ali Altaee Akshaya k.Samal Ibrar Ibrar John L.Zhou Adel O.Sharif Centre for Green Technology School of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayNSW 2007Australia Department of Civil Engineering Jazan UniversityJazan 82822Saudi Arabia Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain UniversityRamanagaraBangaloreKarnataka 562112India School of Mechanical Sciences Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyAustralia

The electrokinetic(Ek)process has been proposed for soil decontamination from heavy metals and organic *** advantages of the Ek process include the low operating energy,suitability for fine-grained soil decontamination,and no need for *** the last three decades,enhanced and hybrid Ek systems were developed and tested for improving the efficiency of contaminants removal from *** enhanced-Ek processes exhibited excellent efficiency in removing contaminants by controlling the soil pH or the chemical reaction of *** hybrid systems were tested to overcome environmental hurdles or technical drawbacks of decontamination *** of the Ek process with phytoremediation,bioremediation,or reactive filtermedia(RFM)improved the remediation process performance by capturing contaminants or facilitating biological agents’movement in the ***,Ek process coupling with solar energy was proposed to treat off-grid contaminated soils or reduce the Ek energy *** study reviews recent advancements in the enhancement and hybrid Ek systems for soil remediation and the type of contaminants targeted by the *** study also covered the impact of operating parameters,imperfect pollution separation,and differences in the physicochemical characteristics and microstructure of soil/sediment on the Ek ***,a comparison between various remediation processes was presented to highlight the pros and cons of these technologies.

关键词： Electrokinetic Soil remediation Reactive filter media Enhanced electrokinetic Contaminants

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Biomolecular condensates modulate membrane remodeling

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Molecular Plant 2025年第1期18卷 17-18页

作者： Emma k.Meese Lucia C.Strader Department of Biology Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Cellular function relies on numerous diverse processes,all happening *** means by which cells manage these processes is through the use of biomolecular *** membrane-less compartments,often created through phase separation,influence cellular mechanisms ranging from reaction kinetics to biomolecule sequestration(Banani et al.,2017).In plants,biomolecular condensates play roles in desiccation tolerance(Belott et al.,2020),transcriptional control(Powers et al.,2019;Bondos et al.,2021),and a myriad of other diverse processes(Emenecker et al.,2021).Recently,condensates have been discovered to have the ability to exert forces through interactions with cellular *** example,capillary interaction between condensates and other cellular components can generate force;however,more study is necessary to elucidate these mechanisms and interactions(kusumaatmaja et al.,2021;Gouveia et al.,2022).A recent work by Wang et al.(2024)has revealed new insights into how biomolecular condensates may exert forces on membranes through bending and ***,they provide in silico methods and a model to investigate the forces at play during membrane wetting.

关键词： forces kinetics bending

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Long-term follow-up result of short metaphyseal femoral stem in primary total hip arthroplasty:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2025年第1期16卷 40-45页

作者： Manoj kumar Ayush Sharma Vivek P ksheerasagar Akash k Ghosh Mukund Lal Department of Orthopaedics Indira Gandhi Medical College and HospitalShimla 171001Himāchal PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia

BACkGROUND Total hip arthroplasty(THA)has increased along with an increasing demand for improved quality of *** with prolonged life expectancy,the number of revision surgeries is expected to *** shielding is a significant issue with traditional femoral stems used in THA,making revision surgeries particularly challenging in younger *** has sparked renewed interest in studying safety and functional outcomes of short metaphyseal femoral stems,which have the potential to alleviate these challenges and simplify revision *** To evaluate the long-term outcomes of short-stem *** A total of 124 hips that underwent THA using the short femoral stem(TRILOCk®Depuy)between May 2006 and November 2008 were included in this *** were followed for a period of 15 *** were assessed in terms of pain relief,hip joint range of motion,improvement in mobility,and functional outcomes using the modified Harris Hip Score,Oxford hip score,and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index *** A total of 124 hips in 98 patients were *** improvements in functional outcomes were observed over the 15-year follow-up period,with no cases of subsidence,implant loosening,or complications necessitating revision *** only complication reported was heterotopic ossification in 1 *** Short metaphyseal stems provide better functional outcomes with early mobilization,and its long-term follow-up without subsidence,implant loosening,or proximal femoral bone loss simplifies revision surgery in younger patients.

关键词： Short stem total hip replacement Short metaphyseal stem Uncemented hip replacement Proximal femur osteolysis Proximal femur bone loss

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Detectability of Discrete Event Systems Under Sensor Attacks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 150-177页

作者： RITSUkA k. LIN Feng LAFORTUNE Stéphane WANG Caisheng Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University

The authors consider the property of detectability of discrete event systems in the presence of sensor attacks in the context of cyber-security. The authors model the system using an automaton and study the general notion of detectability where a given set of state pairs needs to be(eventually or periodically) distinguished in any estimate of the state of the system. The authors adopt the ALTER sensor attack model from previous work and formulate four notions of CA-detectability in the context of this attack model based on the following attributes: strong or weak; eventual or periodic. The authors present verification methods for strong CA-detectability and weak CA-detectability. The authors present definitions of strong and weak periodic CA-detectability that are based on the construction of a verifier automaton called the augmented CA-observer. The development also resulted in relaxing assumptions in prior results on D-detectability, which is a special case of CA-detectability.

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Trends in dentomaxillofacial radiology

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World Journal of Radiology 2025年第1期17卷 19-31页

作者： kıvançkamburoğlu Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Faculty of DentistryAnkara UniversityAnkara 06500Türkiye Department of Surgery and Pediatric Dentistry Faculty of StomatologyAkhmet Yassewi International Kazakh Turkish UniversityTurkestan 161200Kazakhstan

Oral and maxillofacial diagnostic imaging is of paramount importance in dental clinical diagnosis,treatment planning,and follow-up *** ra-diographic examination and numerous panoramic systems are used in routine clinical dental *** beam CT is widely used and currently the method of choice in oral and maxillofacial implantology,endodontics,maxillofacial surgery,periodontics,degenerative temporomandibular joint disease,orthodontics,airway studies,sleep disorders,and forensic *** innovative laboratory re-search tool that offers three-dimensional(3D)detailed high-resolution images of in vitro teeth and neighboring structures with submicrometric accuracy is micro-computed ***-high radiation doses,long scanning times,and high costs preclude its routine clinical *** response to the high demand for a te-chnique that could provide real-time images using a cost-effective,rapid,user-friendly,and portable technique without ionizing radiation,some authors pro-posed ultrasound imaging methods as an alternative to X-ray imaging *** can be used in the dentomaxillofacial region for various diagno-stic purposes such as salivary gland and superficial tissue ***,dedicated dental magnetic resonance imaging with appropriate software,hard-ware,sequences,and field of view tailored to fit dentomaxillofacial anatomy was ***,3D printing technologies and their application in dentistry has attracted *** 3D printing a given material is added in successive layers to create a 3D *** application of this technology has the potential to decrease operation time and minimize operator bias and the possibility of proce-dural *** hot topic regarding dentomaxillofacial radiology is artificial intelligence,which is a field related to computer science dedicated to developing systems or machines that can perform tasks traditionally associated with human ***

关键词： Dentomaxillofacial radiology Diagnostic imaging Cone beam CT Ultrasonography Microcomputed tomography Dental microcomputed tomography Three-dimensional printing Artificial intelligence

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Unveiling the impact:COVID-19's influence on bacterial resistance in the kingdom of Bahrain

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 83-98页

作者： Nermin k Saeed Safiya k Almusawi Noor A Albalooshi Mohammed Al-Beltagi Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexGovernmental HospitalsManama 12Bahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologyRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of BahrainBusaiteen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatric University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671AlgharbiaBahrain

BACkGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat,and understanding local trends in bacterial isolates and their susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective infection control and antimicrobial *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has introduced additional complexities,potentially influencing these *** To analyze trends in bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns at Salmaniya Medical Complex from 2018 to 2023,with a specific focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these *** A retrospective analysis of microbiological data was conducted,covering the period from 2018 to *** study included key bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli(***),klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Staphylococcus aureus,among *** antibiotic susceptibility profiles of these isolates were assessed using standard laboratory *** contextualize the findings,the findings were compared with similar studies from other regions,including China,India,Romania,Saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates,Malaysia,and United *** The study revealed fluctuating trends in the prevalence of bacterial isolates,with notable changes during the COVID-19 *** example,a significant increase in the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was observed during the pandemic years,while the prevalence of *** showed a more variable *** resistance rates varied among the different pathogens,with a concerning rise in resistance to commonly used antibiotics,particularly among klebsiella pneumoniae and ***,the study identified an alarming increase in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant(MDR)strains,especially within klebsiella pneumoniae and *** *** impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these trends was evident,with shifts in the frequency,resistance patterns,and the emergence of MDR bacteria among several key ***

关键词： Multidrug-resistant organisms Antibiotic susceptibility COVID-19 pandemic Antimicrobial stewardship Bacterial isolates Salmaniya Medical Complex Bahrain

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Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and role of dexmedetomidine in radical colon cancer surgery in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2025年第3期17卷 6-13页

作者： Chandra k Pandey Abhishek kumar Department of Anaesthesiology Medanta Hospital LucknowLucknow 226030Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Anaesthesia King George Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

This article explored the application of dexmedetomidine(Dex),a highly selective alpha-2 agonist,in managing postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)in elderly patients undergoing radical colon cancer *** is associated with a progressive decline in physiological functions and an increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes,including POCD,which encompasses many neurocognitive disorders that manifest during the perioperative *** aging population is at a higher risk for POCD,which can lead to prolonged hospital stays,delayed recovery,and increased healthcare *** has neuroprotective,opioid-sparing,and sympatholytic properties,which reduces the incidence and severity of *** was introduced for sedation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation but has since been adopted in anesthesia due to its multifaceted *** appli-cation extends to sedation,analgesia,maintenance of anesthesia,and controlling *** neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects have been explored in managing *** article discussed the broad range of patient and procedure-related risk factors for *** identification and intervention are crucial to prevent the progression of POCD,which can have severe physical,psychological,and economic *** article underscored the importance of a mul-tidisciplinary approach in managing POCD,involving the optimization of comor-bidities,depth of anesthesia monitoring,hemodynamic stability,and cerebral oxygenation monitoring.

关键词： Colon cancer Dexmedetomidine General anesthesia Elderly Radical colon cancer surgery Cognitive function

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Enhanced engineering and biocidal polypropylene filaments enabling melt reduction of AgNO_(3) through PVP agent:A scalable process for the defense industry with MEX additive manufacturing

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 52-66页

作者： Markos Petousis Nikolaos Michailidis Vassilis Papadakis Apostolos Argyros Mariza Spiridaki Nikolaos Mountakis John Valsamos Nektarios k.Nasikas Amalia Moutsopoulou Nectarios Vidakis Department of Mechanical Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityHeraklion 71410Greece Physical Metallurgy Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentSchool of EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Centre for Research&Development of Advanced Materials(CERDAM) Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and InnovationBalkan CentreBuilding B’10th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi RoadThessaloniki 57001Greece Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser of the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas(IESL-FORTH)e Hellas N.Plastira 100mHeraklion 70013Greece Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering University of West AtticaAthens 12243Greece Division of Mathematics and Engineering Sciences Department of Military SciencesHellenic Army AcademyGR 16673VariAtticaGreece

This study focused on the production of polypropylene(PP)/silver(Ag)composites via additive *** study aimed to enhance the quality of medical-grade PP in material extrusion(MEX)three-dimensional printing(3DP)by improving its mechanical properties while simultaneously adding antibacterial *** latter can find extremely important and versatile properties that are applicable in defense and security ***/Ag nanocomposites were prepared using a novel method based on a reaction occurring while mixing appropriate quantities of the starting polymers and additives,namely polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as the matrix material and silver nitrate(AgNO_(3))as the *** process produced three-dimensional(3D)printed filaments,which were then used to create specimens for a series of standardized *** was found that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were enhanced in relation to pristine PP,especially for the PP matrix with various loadings of AgNO_(3)and PVP,such as 5.0 wt%and 2.5 wt%,*** voids,inclusions,and actual-to-nominal dimensions also showed improved *** 3DP specimens exhibited a more effective biocidal performance against Staphylococcus aureus than Escherichia coli,which developed an inhibition zone only in the case of PP with filler loading percentages of AgNO_(3)and PVP at 10.0 wt%and 5.0 wt%,respectively Compounds possessing such properties can be beneficial for various applications requiring increased mechanical properties and biocidal capabilities,such as in the Defence or medical industries.

关键词： Polypropylene(PP) Polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) Silver nitride(AgNO_(3)) In-situ reactive melt mixing process Material extrusion(MEX)3D printing Biocidal performance

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Strength through unity: Alkaline phosphatase-responsive AIEgen nanoprobe for aggregation-enhanced multi-mode imaging and photothermal therapy of metastatic prostate cancer

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 289-296页

作者： Ze Wang Hao Liang Annan Liu Xingchen Li Lin Guan Lei Li Liang He Andrew k.Whittaker Bai Yang Quan Lin State key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Department of Endocrinology Lequn Branch the First Hospital of Jilin University Department of Urology the First Hospital of Jilin University Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology the University of Queensland

Prostate cancer(PCa) is characterized by high incidence and propensity for easy metastasis, presenting significant challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Tumor microenvironment(TME)-responsive nanomaterials provide a promising prospect for imaging-guided precision therapy. Considering that tumor-derived alkaline phosphatase(ALP) is over-expressed in metastatic PCa, it makes a great chance to develop a theranostics system with ALP responsive in the TME. Herein, an ALP-responsive aggregationinduced emission luminogens(AIEgens) nanoprobe AMNF self-assembly was designed for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic PCa. The nanoprobe exhibited self-aggregation in the presence of ALP resulted in aggregation-induced fluorescence, and enhanced accumulation and prolonged retention period at the tumor site. In terms of detection, the fluorescence(FL)/computed tomography(CT)/magnetic resonance(MR) multi-mode imaging effect of nanoprobe was significantly improved post-aggregation, enabling precise diagnosis through the amalgamation of multiple imaging modes. Enhanced CT/MR imaging can achieve assist preoperative tumor diagnosis, and enhanced FL imaging technology can achieve “intraoperative visual navigation”, showing its potential application value in clinical tumor detection and surgical guidance. In terms of treatment, AMNF showed strong absorption in the near infrared region after aggregation, which improved the photothermal treatment effect. Overall, our work developed an effective aggregation-enhanced theranostic strategy for ALP-related cancers.

关键词： AIE ALP responsive Enhanced multi-mode imaging Enhanced photothermal therapy Prostate cancer

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