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Modern treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6720-6728页

作者： k.vin k.Roggin Mitchell C Posner Department of Surgery Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal smooth muscle sarcomas that can arise anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract. Sporadic mutations within the tyrosine k.nase receptors of the interstitial cells of Cajal have been identified as the k.y molecular step in GIST carcinogenesis. Although many patients are asymptomatic, the most common associated symptoms include: abdominal pain, dyspepsia, gastric outlet obstruction, and anorexia. Rarely, GIST can perforate causing life-threatening hemoperitoneum. Most are ultimately diagnosed on cross-sectional imaging studies (i.e., computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging in combination with upper endoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonographic localization of these tumors within the smooth muscle layer and acquisition of neoplastic spindle cells harboring mutations in the c-k.T gene is pathognomonic. Curative treatment requires a complete gross resection of the tumor. Both open and minimally invasive operations have been shown to reduce recurrence rates and improve long-term survival. While there is considerable debate over whether GIST can be benign neoplasms, we believe that all GIST have malignant potential, but vary in their propensity to recur after resection and metastasize to distant organ sites. Prognostic factors include location, size (i.e., > 5 cm), grade (> 5-10 mitoses per 50 high power fields and specific mutational events that are still being defined. Adjuvant therapy with tyrosine k.nase inhibitors, such as imatinib mesylate, has been shown to reduce the risk.of recurrence after one year of therapy. Treatment of locally-advanced or borderline resectable gastric GIST with neoadjuvant imatinib has been shown to induce regression in a minority of patients and stabilization in the majority of cases. This treatment strategy potentially reduces the need for more extensive surgical resections and increases the number of patients eligible for curative therapy. The modern surgical treatment of

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Laparoscopic resections of gastrointestinal stromal tumors Imatinib mesylate Gastrectomy

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Modeling of cylindrical surrounding gate MOSFETs including the fringing field effects

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第7期34卷 52-57页

作者： Santosh k.Gupta Srimanta Baishya Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadUttar Pradesh-211004India Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology SilcharAssam-788010India

A physically based analytical model for surface potential and threshold voltage including the fringing gate capacitances in cylindrical surround gate（CSG） MOSFETs has been *** on this a subthreshold drain current model has also been *** model first computes the charge induced in the drain/source region due to the fringing capacitances and considers an effective charge distribution in the cylindrically extended source/drain region for the development of a simple and compact *** fringing gate capacitances tak.n into account are outer fringe capacitance,inner fringe capacitance,overlap capacitance,and sidewall *** model has been verified with the data extracted from 3D TCAD simulations of CSG MOSFETs and was found to be work.ng satisfactorily.

关键词： physics based modeling source/drain extension (SDE) cylindrical surrounding gate (CSG) MOS- FETs fringing field surface potential threshold voltage

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Vacuum Preparation, Optimization of Cylinder Length and Postoperative Daily Inflation Reduces Complaints of Shortened Penile Length Following Implantation of Inflatable Penile Prosthesis

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2013年第1期3卷 14-18页

作者： Tom Sellers Martin Dineen Emad A. Salem Steven k. Wilson Daytona Beach USA Indio CA USA Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Introduction: The inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) has been used to treat erectile dysfunction for 40 years. Loss of penile length following IPP remains the single biggest patient complaint. We describe a preoperative and postoperative patient preparation protocol to assist in setting realistic patient expectations and decreasing the complaint of reduced penile length. Materials & Methods: 750 Patients are instructed to use a vacuum erection device for 10 minutes each day for up to 2 months prior to IPP implant. After two months, maximization of cylinder length is accomplished regardless of IPP manufacturer. Cylinders are left partially inflated in the post-operative period and daily inflation for 3 months immediately upon patient tolerance. The average implanted cylinder length has increased dramatically with the preoperative vacuum usage when compared to the authors’ previous implantations and when compared to the national average of implanted cylinders obtained from one manufacturer. Results: Preoperative use of the vacuum device has allowed maximization of cylinder length. After the vacuum program, patients tend to experience less pain following implantation allowing earlier device instruction cycling and use. The average implanted cylinder length continued to increase annually for the first 5 years as the protocol evolved and seems to have remained stable for the last five years. Conclusions: Preoperative vacuum usage and postoperative capsule management has nearly eliminated patient complaints of reduced penile length. We believe this to be the result of larger size cylinders being implanted when compared to our previous implantations absent of the patient participation protocol.

关键词： Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Vacuum Device Satisfaction

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EIT Image Reconstruction by Modified Data

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第10期9卷 99-106页

作者： B. Gong B. Schullck. S. k.ueger-Ziolek.k. Moeller Institute of Technical Medicine Furtwangen University Villingen-Schwenningen Germany

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a radiation-free imaging method. Canoni-cally, in lung EIT, 16 electrodes are placed horizontally on the thorax sk.n. By inject-ing currents through electrodes attached to the sk.n, a set of induced voltage measure-ments can be collected. The conductivity distribution on the chest plane can be ob-tained from these electrical boundary conditions. It has been reported that the adjacent current injection pattern is sub-optimal for EIT reconstruction. However, this adjacent current injection pattern is commonly used in commercially available EIT devices. In this study, we modify the boundary conditions according to the superposition principle of the electrical field. As a result, boundary conditions of the adjacent current pattern will be transformed to those corresponding to “sk.p-3” current injection pattern. Simulation results indicated that reconstruction benefits from the modified boundary conditions.

关键词： Electrical Impedance Tomography Current Pattern Superposition Principle

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Image Segmentation of Brain MR Images Using Otsu’s Based Hybrid WCMFO Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第8期64卷 681-700页

作者： A.Renugambal k.Selva Bhuvaneswari Department of Mathematics University College of Engineering KancheepuramKanchipuram631552India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering KancheepuramKanchipuram631552India

In this study,a novel hybrid Water Cycle Moth-Flame Optimization(WCMFO)algorithm is proposed for multilevel thresholding brain image segmentation in Magnetic Resonance(MR)image *** constitutes a hybrid between the two techniques,comprising the water cycle and moth-flame optimization *** optimal thresholds are obtained by maximizing the between class variance(Otsu’s function)of the *** test the performance of threshold searching process,the proposed algorithm has been evaluated on standard benchmark.of ten axial T2-weighted brain MR images for image *** experimental outcomes infer that it produces better optimal threshold values at a greater and quick.r convergence *** contrast to other state-of-the-art methods,namely Adaptive Wind Driven Optimization(AWDO),Adaptive Bacterial Foraging(ABF)and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),the proposed algorithm has been found to be better at producing the best objective function,Peak.Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Standard Deviation(STD)and lower computational time ***,it was observed thatthe segmented image gives greater detail when the threshold level ***,the statistical test result confirms that the best and mean values are almost zero and the average difference between best and mean value 1.86 is obtained through the 30 executions of the proposed ***,these images will lead to better segments of gray,white and cerebrospinal fluid that enable better clinical choices and diagnoses using a proposed algorithm.

关键词： Hybrid WCMFO algorithm Otsu’s function multilevel thresholding image segmentation brain MR image

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A Green Route for the One-Pot Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles Using Iron（Ill） Phosphate under Solventless Conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2012年第1期30卷 65-70页

作者： Behbahani,F.k. Ziaei,Parisa Department of Chemistry Karaj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran

1,2-Disubstituted benzimidazoles are selectively synthesized in high yields under extremely mild conditions via the condensation of o-phenylenediamine derivatives with aldehyde derivatives using catalytic amount of iron（Ⅲ） phosphate under solventfree conditions. The use of readily available iron（Ⅲ） phosphate as a reusable and recyelable catalyst mak.s this process quite simple, convenient, and environment-friendly.

关键词： 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles iron(Ill) phosphate solvent-free

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Pre-lacteal feeding practices among newborn in urban slums of Luck.ow city UP, India

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第4期2卷 510-513页

作者： Pratibha Gupta Vinod k. Srivastava Vishwajeet k.mar Jyoti Prak.sh Srivastava Department of Community Medicine Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital Lucknow India Integral Institute of medical Sciences Integral University Lucknow India k.MU-JHU Collaborative Projects King George’s Medical University Lucknow India

Aim: To study the Practices of Pre-lacteal feeding among Newborns in Urban slums of Luck.ow city. Setting and Design: A cross-sectional study in Urban slums of Luck.ow city, UP. Methods and Material: A cross-sectional study in Urban slums of Luck.ow city, UP included 524 women who had a live birth during last one year preceding data collection. A pre-desined and pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical analysis used: The data was tabulated on Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using the software SPSS 10.0 for Windows and Discrete data were analyzed using the chisquare test. Results: Study findings showed that Half (50.6%) of the mothers had given pre-lacteal feedings to their newborn. Out of those who had given pre-lacteal feed, 55.1 percent had given mugli ghutti/griipe water and 49.4 percent had given boiled water as pre-lacteal feed Only mother’s education (p k.owledge and awareness of correct feeding practices is essential for the normal growth, health and well being of the children. We therefore suggested that the primary focus of various nutrition related national programs in India for children should aim at imparting nutrition and health education to the mothers.

关键词： Newborn Prelacteal Feeding Urban Slums

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Electrochemical Synthesis of Titanium Nano Particles at Carbon Paste Electrodes and Its Applications as an Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Acetaminophen in Paracetamol Tablets

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2013年第4期3卷 20-22页

作者： k. J. Gururaj B. E. k.mara Swamy Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Industrial Chemistry Kuvempu University Shimoga India.

Titania nano particles were synthesized at carbon paste electrode by cyclic voltammetry and then it was employed for the determination of acetaminophen in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. Carbon paste electrode with titania nano particle displayed excellent electrochemically catalytic activities by shifting the oxidation potential of acetaminophen towards the negative side. The mass transfer process at electrochemical interface was diffusion controlled. Electrochemical techniques such as, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization methods were used to measure the resistance of the electrodes. The resistance of the titanium electrode decreased in two orders when compared to the bare carbon paste electrode;the decrease in the resistance of the electrode and increase in the surface area of the electrode are responsible for the negative shifting of the oxidation potential of acetaminophen. The present method was applied to the determination of actetaminophen in paracetamol tablet, urine and blood sample by using standard addition method and the obtained results were satisfactory with a good recovery of 98%.

关键词： Titania Nano Particles Electrochemical Sensor Electrocatalysis Cyclic Voltammetry Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

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Renormalization Group Theory and Its Application to Thermally-Induced Turbulence

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2004年第4期41卷 599-604页

作者： CAOYi-Gang W.k.Chow DepartmentofBuildingServicesEngineering TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityHongKongChina

Renormalization group theory applied to turbulence will be reviewed in this *** associated are used for analyzing thermally-induced *** properties such as effective viscosity and thermal diffusivity are derived.

关键词： renormalization group turbulence

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MAGNETIC PROPERTY CHANGE IN AN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL SUBJECTED TO DAMAGE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE-MICROSTRUCTURE RESPONSIBLE FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTY

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 387-392页

作者： Y.Nagae k.Aoto Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute 4002 Narita Oarai Ibaraki 311-1393 JapanJapan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute 4002 Narita Oarai Ibaraki 311-1393 Japan

It has been found that magnetic property changes in austenitic stainless steel subjected to creep at high temperature. The change of magnetic property is mainly due to decrease the chromium concentration in the vicinity of grain boundary and transform into martensite in the area. However this result is for short-term creep. It is necessary to evaluate the long-term creep in order to develop non-destructive technique for plants. Moreover it is important to evaluate the fatigue. The change of magnetic property for those damages at high temperatures is investigated. The transformation into martensite is observed for both the long-term creep and fatigue. The magnetic regions are observed in sever deformed area and near crack. Then the formation of magnetic phases is related to the damage. The damage at high temperature can be universally evaluated.

关键词： creep fatigue high temperature austenitic stainless steel magnetism

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