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Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase is a negative regulator of interleukin-10 production in macrophages

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第7期12卷 543-555页

作者： Yi Rang Na Daun jung Juha Song Jong-Wan Park jung joo hong Seung Hyeok Seok Macrophage Lab Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Institute of Endemic DiseaseSeoul National University College of MedicineChongno-guSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Science BK21-Plus Education ProgramSeoul National University College ofMedicineJongno-guSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Pharmacology Seoul National University College of MedicineJongno-guSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Cancer Research Institute and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute Seoul National University College ofMedicineJongno-guSeoul 03080Republic of Korea National Primate Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyCheongju 28116Republic of Korea

Interleukin-10(IL-10)is the most potent anti-inflammatory cytokine in the body and plays an essential role in determining outcomes of many inflammatory *** metabolism is a critical determinant of immune cell function;however,it is currently unclear whether metabolic processes are specifically involved in IL-10 *** this study,we aimed to find the central metabolic molecule regulating IL-10 production of macrophages,which are the main producers of *** analysis identified that metabolic changes were predominantly enriched in Kupffer cells at the early inflammatory phase of a mouse endotoxemia *** them,pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase(PDK)-dependent acute glycolysis was negatively involved in IL-10 *** or knockdown of PDK selectively increased macrophage IL-10 ***,PDK inhibition increased IL-10 production via profound phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase alpha 1(AMPKα1)by restricting glucose uptake in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated ***α1 consequently activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,c-Jun N-terminal kinase,and cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein to regulate IL-10 *** study uncovers a previously unknown regulatory mechanism of IL-10 in activated macrophages involving an immunometabolic function of PDK.

关键词： macrophage pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase AMP-activated protein kinase interleukin-10

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Periportal thickening on magnetic resonance imaging for hepatic fibrosis in infantile cholestasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第21期26卷 2821-2830页

作者： Myung Hwan Lee Hyun joo Shin Haesung Yoon Seok joo Han hong Koh Mi-jung Lee Department of Radiology Severance HospitalSeverance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupResearch Institute of Radiological ScienceYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Department of Surgery Severance HospitalSeverance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsSeverance Children’s HospitalSeverance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea

BACKGROUND Untreated neonatal cholestasis can progress to liver cirrhosis and end stage liver disease in infancy due to prolonged hepatocyte and biliary tree injury and may require liver ***,non-invasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis is important in infants with *** To investigate the usefulness of periportal thickening(PT)measured on liver magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in infants with cholestasis including biliary atresia(BA).METHODS This retrospective study included infants less than 6 mo who underwent liver MRI and biopsy for the evaluation of infantile *** and spleen size were measured on *** assessment was based on aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index(APRI).The grade of histopathologic fibrosis was assessed by the METAVIR grading *** and diagnostic performance of PT,normalized spleen size ratio(SR,using the upper normal size limit),and APRI for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis were obtained by receiveroperating characteristic(ROC)curve *** A total of 155 patients were included,110 of which were diagnosed with *** age at the time of MRI was 57.6±34.4 *** were positive correlations between fibrosis grade and PT and SR,even after adjusting age(all,P<0.001).For the diagnosis of significant fibrosis(METAVIR grade F2-F4),the area under the ROC curve was 0.899(95%CI:0.840–0.941)for PT(cutoff,4.2 mm),which was higher than 0.741(95%CI:0.664–0.808)for SR and 0.712(95%CI:0.634–0.782)for APRI(both,P<0.001).For the diagnosis of cirrhosis(F4),the area under the ROC curve was the highest with SR as 0.790(95%CI:0.718–0.852).CONCLUSION Liver MRI findings of PT and SR are useful to assess clinically significant hepatic fibrosis(F2 and higher)in infants with cholestasis including BA.

关键词： Infants Cholestasis Biliary atresia Liver Fibrosis Magnetic resonance imaging

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Effect of CaF2 content in refining slag on formation behavior of spinel inclusion in Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第2期25卷 157-163页

作者： Jae-hong Shin joo-hyun Park Department of Materials Engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 426-791 Korea

The influence of CaF2 content on the formation behavior of spinel inclusions in the Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel was presented. The spinel was not formed at CaF2 content lower than 10 wt%. However, it was formed at early stage when the CaF2 content was greater than 30 wt%, followed by a modification to the aluminosilicate-type inclusions. Because the slag was saturated by MgO, the activity of MgO was unity irrespective of CaF2 content in the slag. Thus, Mg was transferred from slag to metal phase. Mg transferred to molten steel reacted with Al2O3-rich inclusions to form ***2O3 spinel. However, the spinel inclusion was modified to aluminosilicate-type inclusions by the reaction with Si and Ca transferred from slag to molten steel about 2-3 h later.

关键词： Spinel inclusion Refining slag CaF2 content Ni-Cr-V-alloyed special steel

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With great power comes great responsibility:inquiry into the social roles and the power dynamics in human-AI interactions

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Journal of Control and Decision 2022年第3期9卷 347-354页

作者： joo-Wha hong Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

As machines are becoming more interactive,such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)agents,the importance of interactions between humans and AI increases as a new type of ***,unlike most studies have examined the influence of AI on individuals,fewer studies about how human-AI interactions will impact society have been *** should be acknowledged that we attribute social roles to AI when assigning social tasks,and there are power dynamics within an interaction between humans and AI because of ***,we should ask whether the current society is ready for AI to take responsibility for its ***,limitations on existing human-machine communication(HMC)studies,an unclear definition of AI as an interlocutor and a lack of theoretical frameworks,were pointed out with *** is expected that considering a machine’s social roles and powers in human-AI interactions will broaden the theoretical realm of HMC.

关键词： artificial intelligence human-AI interaction human-machine communication social role power dynamics

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Fossil-Winged Fruits of Fraxinus(Oleaceae) and Liriodendron(Magnoliaceae) from the Duho Formation,Pohang Basin,Korea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 845-852页

作者： Seung-Ho jung Seong-joo LEE Department of Geology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea

A total of 16 specimens of fossil-winged fruits were found from the Middle Miocene marine deposits, Duho Formation, Pohang Basin, Korea. They were identified into two structurally different groups： 15 specimens into a winged fruit of Fraxinus, and one specimen of Liriodendron. The most samaras （13 specimens） were identified as Fraxinus oishii, which is characterized by narrowly ovate or ovate-elliptic shapes that are 2.7-3.6 cm in length and 0.7-1 cm in width （i/w ratio=3.4-4）. The apexes of the Fraxinus oishii samara are round or slightly emarginated, and a seed of the samara is always located at the base, of which the general shape is narrow rhombic-ellipsoidal. The seed is 1.2-2 cm long and 0.5-0.7 cm wide. Two specimens are different from the samara of Fraxinus oishii. They have a 6.6 length/width ratio （3.3 cm long and 0.5 cm wide）, and thus, are temporarily classified into the Fraxinus sp. One specimen was recognized as a winged seed of Liriodendron meisenense. The wing is broadly lanceolate to elliptic in shape, has a smooth, acute apex, and is approximately 3 cm long and 0.7 cm wide. Samaras of Fraxinus oishii and Liriodendron meisenense were early reported from the Middle Miocene deposits from North Korea, but these specimens are the first discovery in South Korea. Further study of the Duho Formation may connect flora relationships between North and South Korea.

关键词： winged fruits Fraxinus Liriodendron Middle Miocene Pohang Basin Korea

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Liver intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging for the assessment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第27期24卷 3013-3020页

作者： Hyun joo Shin Haesung Yoon Myung-joon Kim Seok joo Han hong Koh Seung Kim Mi-jung Lee Department of Radiology Severance Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Research Institute of Radiological Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Department of Surgery Severance Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Yonsei University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Severance Children's Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Yonsei University College of Medicine

AIM To evaluate the correlation between intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) parameters and the degree of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in *** This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. The children(≤ 18 years) who underwent liver IVIM DWI with 8 b-values under the suspicion of hepatic steatosis or fibrosis from February 2013 to November 2016 were included. Subjects were divided into normal, fatty liver(FAT), and fibrotic liver(FIB) groups. The slow diffusion coefficient(D), fast diffusion coefficient(D*), perfusion fraction(f), and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) were measured. MR proton density fat fraction(PDFF), MR elastography(MRE), and IVIM values were *** A total of 123 children(median age of 12 years old, range: 6-18 years) were included, with 8 in the normal group, 93 in the FAT group, and 22 in the FIB group. The D* values were lower in the FIB group compared with those of the normal(P = 0.015) and FAT(P = 0.003) groups. The f values were lower in the FIB group compared with the FAT group(P = 0.001). In multivariate analyses, PDFF value was positively correlated with f value(β = 3.194, P < 0.001), and MRE value was negatively correlated with D* value(β =-7.031, P = 0.032). The D and ADC values were not influenced by PDFF or MRE *** In liver IVIM DWI with multiple b-values in children, there was a positive correlation between hepatic fat and blood volume, and a negative correlation between hepatic stiffness and endovascular blood flow velocity, while diffusion-related parameters were not affected.

关键词： Intravoxel incoherent motion Diffusionweighted imaging Fibrosis Fatty liver Pediatrics

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Predicting gastroesophageal varices through spleen magnetic resonance elastography in pediatric liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第3期25卷 367-377页

作者： Haesung Yoon Hyun joo Shin Myung-joon Kim Seok joo Han hong Koh Seung Kim Mi-jung Lee Department of Radiology Severance Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Research Institute of Radiological Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Department of Surgery Severance Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Yonsei University College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Severance Children's Hospital Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group Yonsei University College of Medicine

BACKGROUND A recent retrospective study confirmed that hepatic stiffness and splenic stiffness measured with magnetic resonance elastography(MRE) are strongly associated with the presence of esophageal varices. In addition, strong correlations have been reported between splenic stiffness values measured with MRE and hepatic venous pressure gradients in animal models. However, most studies have been conducted on adult populations, and previous pediatric MRE studies have only demonstrated the feasibility of MRE in pediatric populations, while the actual clinical application of spleen MRE has been *** To assess the utility of splenic stiffness measurements by MRE to predict gastroesophageal varices in *** We retrospectively reviewed abdominal MRE images taken on a 3 T system in pediatric patients. Patients who had undergone Kasai operations for biliary atresia were selected for the Kasai group, and patients with normal livers and spleens were selected for the control group. Two-dimensional spin-echo echoplanar MRE acquisition centered on the liver, with a pneumatic driver at 60 Hz and a low amplitude, was performed to obtain hepatic and splenic stiffness values. Laboratory results for aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI) were evaluated within six months of MRE, and the normalized spleen size ratio was determined with the upper normal size limit. All Kasai group patients underwent gastroesophageal endoscopy during routine follow-up. The MannWhitney U test, Kendall's tau b correlation and diagnostic performance analysis using the area under the curve(AUC) were performed for statistical *** The median spleen MRE value was 5.5 kPa in the control group(n = 9, age 9-18 years, range 4.7-6.4 kPa) and 8.6 kPa in the Kasai group(n = 22, age 4-18 years,range 5.0-17.8 kPa). In the Kasai group, the APRI, spleen size ratio and spleen MRE values were higher in patients with portal hypertension(n = 11) than in patients without(n =

关键词： Biliary atresia Magnetic resonance elastography Kasai operation Splenic stiffness Portal hypertension

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Preoperative risk factors for early recurrence in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after curative intent surgical resection

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 450-455页

作者： Nam Hee Kim hong joo Kim Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

Background: Postoperative early recurrence(ER) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is frequently encountered after curative intent surgery. Nonetheless, clinical significance and risk factors of ER after surgery for PDAC have not been extensively investigated. The aim of this study was to determine preoperative risk predictors for ER in patients with PDAC after upfront surgery. Methods: Eighty-one consecutive patients with PDAC who underwent curative intent surgical resection at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital between January 2004 and May 2015 were enrolled. ER was defined as tumor relapse within 6 months after surgery. Results: ER occurred in 26 patients(32.1%), whereas 49 patients(60.5%) had late recurrence( ≥ 6 months after surgery), and 6 patients had no recurrence(7.4%). Univariate analysis showed that C-reactive protein(CRP) > 3.0 mg/dL, modified Glasgow prognostic score(mGPS) = 2, decrease of total lymphocyte count by > 50% of baseline value in the preoperative period, prognostic nutritional index(PNI) 3.0 mg/dL, decrease of total lymphocyte count by > 50% of baseline value, and preoperative SUVmax were significant and independent contributors of ER in patients with resectable PDAC who underwent curative intent surgery. Conclusions: Postoperative ER for resectable PDAC was frequent with poor prognosis after curative intent upfront surgery. It is reasonable to suggest that there is a subgroup of resectable PDAC patients at highrisk of ER and neoadjuvant therapy should be considered in these patients in a clinical trial setting.

关键词： Early recurrence Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Preoperative risk factors C-reactive protein Maximum standardized uptake value

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Hepatic fat quantification magnetic resonance for monitoring treatment response in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第33期21卷 9741-9748页

作者： hong Koh Seung Kim Myung-joon Kim Hyun Gi Kim Hyun joo Shin Mi-jung Lee Department of Pediatrics Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupSeverance Children’s HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research GroupSeverance Children’s HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the possibility of treatment effect monitoring using hepatic fat quantification magnetic resonance(MR) in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who received educational recommendations and vitamin E for NASH and underwent hepatic fat quantification MR from 2011 to *** fat fraction(%) was measured using dual- and triple-echo gradient-recalled-echo sequences at *** compliant and non-compliant groups were compared clinically,biochemically,and ***: Twenty seven patients(M:F = 24:3; mean age: 12 ± 2.3 years) were included(compliant group = 22,non-compliant = 5).None of the baseline findings differed between the 2 groups,except for triglyceride level(compliant vs non-compliant,167.7 mg/d L vs 74.2 mg/d L,P = 0.001).In the compliant group,high-density lipoprotein increased and all other parameters decreased after 1-year ***,there were various changes in the non-compliant *** fat fraction(-19.2% vs 4.6,P < 0.001),tripleecho fat fraction(-13.4% vs 3.5,P < 0.001),alanine aminotransferase(-110.7 IU/L vs-10.6 IU/L,P = 0.047),total cholesterol(-18.1 mg/d L vs 3.8 mg/d L,P = 0.016),and triglyceride levels(-61.3 mg/d L vs 11.2 mg/d L,P = 0.013) were significantly decreased only in the compliant *** change in body mass index and dual-echo fat fraction showed a positive correlation(ρ = 0.418,P = 0.030).CONCLUSION: Hepatic fat quantification MR can be a non-invasive,quantitative and useful tool for monitoring treatment effects in pediatric NASH.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis H

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Measurement and evaluation of whole body vibration of agricultural tractor operator

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第1期10卷 248-255页

作者： Md.Shaha Nur Kabir Sun-Ok Chung Yong-joo Kim Nam-Seok Sung Soon-jung hong Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Korea Department of Agricultural and Industrial Engineering Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur 5200Bangladesh Rural Human Development Center Rural Development AdministrationJeonju 54875Korea

Exposure of whole body vibration(WBV)influences performance,comfort,and long term health risks of tractor ***,measurement and evaluation of WBV parameters should be carried out to find probable effects on the health of tractor *** this study,a system was designed to measure the WBV of agricultural tractor operators and evaluated the hazard risks on operator’s body according to the ISO standards,and implementation of the WBV test in the official testing station was also suggested.A tri-axial accelerometer was employed to measure vibrations transmitted to the seated operator body as a whole through the supporting surface of the buttock on four typical farm roads under different *** vector sum A(8)exposures on the rough tracks(earthen and grassland roads)exceeded the action limits of 0.5 m/s2 at a 10.9 km/h forward speed and reached to the action limit value at a 16.0 km/h forward speed on the concrete *** vector sum of VDV(8)exposures did not exceed the action limits of 9.1 m/s1.75 and was greater on the grassland *** vector sum Sed(8)exposures values exceeded the moderate probability of an adverse health limit of 0.5 MPa on all farm roads at high forward speeds and exceeded the high probability of an adverse health limit of 0.8 MPa on asphalt,concrete,and grassland roads which should be lower than the exposure limit values as suggested by the ISO and EC *** WBV evaluation procedure should be considered for implementation at the official tractor test station,which would response to domestic and international tractor test regulations and improve the market competitiveness.

关键词： agricultural tractor whole body vibration tractor operator driving safety ride comfort test standard health risk

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