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Toxicity variability in Alexandrium pacificum isolated from East China Sea:impact of temperature and light intensity

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 147-158页

作者： Xuexia ZHU Tianchi yiN Min PANG jun WANG The First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of ChinaQingdao 266061China College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Suitable temperature and light intensity play important roles in the formation of harmful algae blooms(HABs),which can pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human *** this study,we measured the growth,physiological function,and paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)production of Alexandrium pacificum(CCMA-272),a strain isolated from East China Sea,at different temperatures(15,20,and 25℃)and light intensities(30,60,and 90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s)).Results indicate that temperature and light intensity significantly affected the growth,physiology,and toxigenic potentials of *** optimal conditions for the growth of *** were observed at 20℃ under60μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).Regarding the production of PSTs,this strain of *** produced 12 PSTs,including carbamate toxins:saxitoxin(STX),neosaxitoxin(NEO),and gonyautoxin 1–4(GTX1,GTX2,GTX3,GTX4);dicarbamoyl toxins:dicarbamoylsaxitoxin(dcSTX),dicarbamoylgonyautoxin 2,3(dcGTX2,dcGTX3);and N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins:N-sulfocarbamoylgonyautoxin 1,2(C1,C2),and gonyautoxin 5(GTX5).Among all the PSTs,C2 was the most *** temperature(15℃)and high light intensity(90μmol photons/(m^(2)·s))were beneficial for the production of PSTs in *** cultured at 20 and 25℃,*** generated comparable total quantities of PSTs,yet the toxicity levels were lower at 25℃.Intra-cellular PSTs contents were greater than extra-cellular PSTs contents,except those under the condition of 25℃ with 30μmol photons/(m^(2)·s).However,as the increase of temperature,*** released more amounts of analogues with higher toxicity levels(e.g.,STX and dcGTX_(2))into the environment than *** findings emphasize the significant sensitivity of *** to temperature and light intensity,highlighting the importance of evaluating both intra-cellular and extra-cellular PSTs for assessing its toxicity and aiding in the prediction and management of HABs.

关键词： temperature light intensity Alexandrium pacificum paralytic shellfish toxin harmful algal bloom

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Increased contribution of microbial necromass to soil organic carbon in solar farms on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 184-197页

作者： ZHANG Xiyu ZHOU jun CHEN Yang FAN Jianrong Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China

Solar farms have been rapidly expanding on the Qinghai-Tibetan ***,the effects of photovoltaic arrays on the contribution of microbial necromass carbon(MNC)to soil organic carbon(SOC),along with the underlying mechanisms,remain *** address this,we collected soil samples from the top 20 cm in under-panel,inter-panel and control plots at five solar farms constructed between 2012 and 2014 in the dry Yarlung Tsangpo and Lhasa River valleys on the Qinghai-Tibetan *** determined SOC,fungal and bacterial necromass and relevant soil *** found that the concentration of MNC in the under-panel plots(3.93±0.79 mg g-1)was significantly higher compared to the control plots(2.28±0.79 mg g-1)across all five solar *** proportion of MNC to SOC in the under-panel plots(34.7±2.4%)was also significantly higher than that in the control plots(27.5±1.4%).Specifically,the contribution of fungal necromass to SOC in the under-panel plots(26.4±2.2%)was significantly larger than that in the control plots(19.7±1.6%),while the increase in the bacterial necromass proportion was *** least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)indicated a significant and positive effect of increased soil moisture in the under-panel plots on the proportion of fungal necromass to *** results highlight that beyond their economic benefits,solar farms in the arid regions on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau can enhance soil C sequestration by improving soil moisture and promoting microbial necromass accumulation.

关键词： Photovoltaic power station Fungal necromass Bacterial necromass Microbial residues Yarlung Tsangpo Arid river valley

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Research Advances in the Construction and Application of Intestinal Organoids

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期38卷 230-247页

作者： Qingxue Meng Hongyang yi Peng Wang Shan Liu Weiquan Liang Cuishan Chi Chenyu Mao Weizheng Liang jun Xue Hongzhou Lu Technology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000HebeiChina Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Gene Regulation Central LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000HebeiChina National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518112GuangdongChina Hebei North University Zhangjiakou 075000HebeiChina Bioimaging Core of Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518132GuangdongChina FAW Jiefang Changchun 130011JilinChina Huigu School of High-tech Industrial Development Zone Changchun 130012JilinChina University of Pennsylvania PA 19104United States Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Gene Regulation Department of SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North UniversityZhangjiakou 075000HebeiChina

The structure of intestinal tissue is *** vitro simulation of intestinal structure and function is important for studying intestinal development and ***,organoids have been successfully constructed and they have come to play an important role in biomedical *** are miniaturized three-dimensional(3D)organs,derived from stem cells,which mimic the structure,cell types,and physiological functions of an organ,making them robust models for biomedical *** organoids are 3D micro-organs derived from intestinal stem cells or pluripotent stem cells that can successfully simulate the complex structure and function of the intestine,thereby providing a valuable platform for intestinal development and disease *** this article,we review the latest progress in the construction and application of intestinal organoids.

关键词： 3D culture Colorectal cancer Disease model Intestinal organoids Organ transplantation Pluripotent stem cells Regenerative medicine Tumor organoids

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Turbulent Agglomeration of Microparticles in a Cylinder Wake Flow Using LES-DEM:Focusing on the Effect of the Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 34-49页

作者： WANG Shuang MU Lin LI Xue XIE jun DONG Ming School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China

Turbulent agglomeration is viewed as a promising technology for enhancing fine particle removal *** better understand particle transport,agglomeration behaviors,and fluid-particle interactions,we numerically explored these phenomena under cylindrical vortex wake influence using a coupled large eddy simulation and discrete element method(LES-DEM)*** validity of the LES approach was verified by comparison with available direct numerical simulation(DNS)*** adopted the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts(JKR)contact model for particle-particle *** particle dispersion and agglomeration characteristics of particles with different diameters(d_(p)=2-20μm)in the laminar and transition of shear layer(TrSL)flow regimes were *** particles were concentrated at the vortex centers,while larger particles accumulated around the *** agglomeration efficiency exhibited an M-shaped profile spanwise(y-direction).With increasing Reynolds number,the agglomeration efficiency and turbulence intensity *** particle agglomeration efficiency peaks at a certain Reynolds ***,at higher Reynolds numbers,reducing the residence time of particles in the flow field decreases the agglomeration efficiency.

关键词： microparticle particle agglomeration discrete element method large eddy simulation

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Glaucomatous retinal ganglion cells:death and protection

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 160-167页

作者： Na Cui jun Jia Yuan He Department of Ophthalmology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710038Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi’an Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye and Brain Neurological Related Diseases Xi’an 710038Shaanxi ProvinceChina

Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration,with the characteristic pathological change being death of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs),which ultimately causes visual field loss and irreversible *** intraocular pressure(IOP)remains the most important risk factor for glaucoma,but the exact mechanism responsible for the death of RGCs is currently *** factor deficiency,impaired mitochondrial structure and function,disrupted axonal transport,disturbed Ca2+homeostasis,and activation of apoptotic and autophagic pathways play important roles in RGC death in *** review was conducted using Web of Science,PubMed,Project,and other databases to summarize the relevant mechanisms of death of RGCs in glaucoma,in addition to outlining protective treatments to improve the degradation of RGCs.

关键词： glaucoma retinal ganglion cells neuroprotection progressive death axonal deletion

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How does Hedgehog signaling participate in the cross-interaction of hormones and testis development?

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BIOCELL 2025年第1期49卷 93-107页

作者： jun-JIE YU WAN-XI YANG The Sperm Laboratory College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Hedgehog(HH)signaling has been researched for decades and Hedgehog has 3 homologs:Sonic Hedgehog(Shh),Indian Hedgehog(Ihh),and Desert Hedgehog(Dhh).Dhh is the one involved in male gonad and germ cell *** distribution of molecules in Hedgehog signaling in testis indicated that Hedgehog signaling executes important functions during testis *** patients with Dhh signaling deficiency develop dysgenesis of gonads and hormone production which demands further exploration of gonad HH *** results proved the indispensable roles of HH signaling in gonad and germ cell development and the interaction with *** review evaluates HH functions in the testis and how HH affects and is affected by hormones and provides novel insights about HH signaling to the readers.

关键词： Hedgehog signaling Hormone Testis Leydig cell Gonadal dysgenesis

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Data-based neural controls for an unknown continuous-time multi-input system with integral reinforcement

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Control Theory and Technology 2025年第1期23卷 118-130页

作者： Yongfeng Lv jun Zhao Wan Zhang Huimin Chang College of Electrical and Power Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxi030024China College of Transportation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590ShandongChina School of Mathematical Sciences Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006ShanxiChina

Integral reinforcement learning(IRL)is an effective tool for solving optimal control problems of nonlinear systems,and it has been widely utilized in optimal controller design for solving discrete-time ***,solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB)equations for nonlinear systems requires precise and complicated ***,the research and application of IRL in continuous-time(CT)systems must be further *** develop the IRL of a CT nonlinear system,a data-based adaptive neural dynamic programming(ANDP)method is proposed to investigate the optimal control problem of uncertain CT multi-input systems such that the knowledge of the dynamics in the HJB equation is ***,the multi-input model is approximated using a neural network(NN),which can be utilized to design an integral reinforcement ***,two criterion networks and one action network are constructed based on the integral reinforcement signal.A nonzero-sum Nash equilibrium can be reached by learning the optimal strategies of the multi-input *** this scheme,the NN weights are constantly updated using an adaptive *** weight convergence and the system stability are analyzed in *** optimal control problem of a multi-input nonlinear CT system is effectively solved using the ANDP scheme,and the results are verified by a simulation study.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming Integral reinforcement Neural networks Heuristic dynamic programming Multi-input system

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Molecular fluorination strategy for regulating NIR AIEgens to boost phototheranostics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Ping Zheng Yuxun Ding Alim Abdurahman jun Zhu Leyuan Tian yi Liu Qian Liu Lei Wang Dong Wang Ben Zhong Tang Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) Research Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials Service SafetyCollege of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University Department of Urology Tianjin First Central Hospital School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Light-driven theranostics, so-called phototheranostics, represents one of the most momentous advances for cancer treatment, of particular interest is fluorescence imaging（FLI）-navigated photodynamic therapy（PDT）. Development of prominent phototheranostic agent synchronously sharing high reactive oxygen species（ROS） production and conspicuous absorption/emission performance in terms of wavelength and intensity, still remains an appealing yet significantly challenging task. Herein, a molecular fluorination strategy was tactfully exploited to subtly regulate aggregation-induced emission（AIE）-featured photosensitizers, and the optimized agent FPIBT was obtained. The integration of beneficial fluorine results in extended emission wavelength tailing in the second near-infrared region and enhanced molar extinction coefficient, and promotes the intersystem crossing process by reducing energy gap between the S1and T_nand increasing spin-orbit coupling constant, thus significantly improves ROS production capacity. By employing FPIBT nanoparticles, the unprecedented performance on NIR-II FLI-guided PDT towards nasopharyngeal carcinoma in mouse model is witnessed by the precise tumor diagnosis and efficient tumor elimination outcomes.

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Approved delivery strategies for biopharmaceuticals

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 69-79页

作者： Makhloufi Zoulikha Zhongjian Chen jun Wu Wei He School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Geriatric Cardiology Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

In recent years, biopharmaceuticals have witnessed remarkable advancements, transforming the landscape of therapeutic interventions. Biopharmaceuticals encompassing therapeutics generated through cutting-edge biotechnological methods have shown promising therapeutic outcomes. However, their clinical success hinges significantly on overcoming drug delivery challenges related to stability, intracellular delivery, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we provide an overview of various marketed macromolecules, including nucleic acids, and immunotherapeutic agents such as cytokines and monoclonal antibodies, as well as other therapeutic peptides/proteins like enzymes, hormones, and coagulation factors. Our primary focus is on elucidating the delivery challenges associated with these macromolecules and highlighting the pivotal role played by drug delivery platforms in the development of currently marketed products, offering valuable insights for both scientific research and the pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： Biopharmaceuticals Drug delivery Monoclonal antibodies Nucleic acids Proteins

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Exit options sustain altruistic punishment and decrease the second-order free-riders, but it is not a panacea

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 278-291页

作者： Chen SHEN Zhao SONG Lei SHI jun TANIMOTO Zhen WANG Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and Economics School of Computing Engineering and Digital Technologies Teesside University School of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN) Northwestern Polytechnical University

Why do humans punish free riders at their own expense? This behavior represents an evolutionary puzzle in human societies. This study explores the role of exit strategies in fostering altruistic punishment within evolutionary game theory. We extend the traditional prisoner's dilemma model by incorporating exiters, players who opt out for a small payoff while nullifying their opponent's payoff, and altruistic punishers who cooperate and punish non-cooperators. Our findings indicate that in well-mixed populations, exiters destabilize defection but do not promote altruistic punishment. In social networks, however,exiters enable altruistic punishment via cyclic dominance among altruistic punishers, defectors, and exiters. Notably, this cyclic dominance is sensitive to exit payoffs; adjustments can lead to cyclic dominance of non-punishing cooperators, defectors, and exiters, or to a bi-stable state between these two types of cyclic dominance. These results highlight the nuanced impact of exiters on altruistic punishment, emphasizing the need for careful incentivization of exit behavior. While exiters can support altruistic punishment in networked populations, their effectiveness is not a panacea and is highly sensitive to exit payoffs, indicating limits to the voluntary participation mechanism.

关键词： evolutionary game theory altruistic punishment coexistence cyclic dominance bi-stable

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