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A novel process for comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第2期23卷 156-160页

作者： Li-ying liu Tao Du Wen-jun Tan Xin-pu Zhang Fan Yang School of Metallurgy Northeastern University

Traditional processes for treating vanadium slag generate a huge volume of solid residue and a large amount of harmful gas,which cause serious environmental *** this study,a new process for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium slag was proposed,wherein zeolite A and a V2O5/TiO2 system were *** structural properties of the as-synthesized zeolite A and the V2O5/TiO2system were characterized using various experimental techniques,including X-ray diffraction,X-ray fluorescence,scanning electron microscopy,and infrared *** results reveal that zeolite A and the V2O5/TiO2 system are successfully obtained with high *** results of gas adsorption measurements indicate that the prepared zeolite A exhibits high selectivity for CO2 over N2 and is a candidate material for CO2 capture from flue-gas streams.

关键词： vanadium slag zeolite waste utilization structural properties

Core-shell Ag-Pt nanoparticles:A versatile platform for the synthesis of heterogeneous nanostructures towards catalyzing electrochemical reactions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第11期32卷 3288-3297页

作者： Danye liu Niuwa Yang Qing Zeng Hui liu Dong Chen Penglei Cui Lin Xu Chaoquan Hu jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems and Center of Mesoscience Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industiy Nanjing 211100China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Key Laboratoiy of New Power BatteriesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Heterogeneous nanostructures that are defined as a hybrid structure consisting of two or more nanoscale domains with distinct chemical compositions or physical characteristics have attracted intense efforts in recent *** this review,we focus on the introduction of a number of heterogeneous nanostructures derived using core-shell Ag-Pt nanoparticles as starting materials,including hollow,dimeric and composite structures and also highlight their application in catalyzing electrochemical reactions,e.g.,methanol oxidation reaction and oxygen reduction *** review not only shows the capability of core-shell Ag-Pt nanoparticles in producing various heterogeneous nanostructures as starting templates,but also highlights the structural design or electronic interaction that endows the heterogeneous nanostructures with enhanced catalytic properties either in methanol oxidation or in oxygen ***,we also make some perspectives for more heterogeneous nanostructures that may be prepared by using core-shell Ag-Pt particles or their derivatives so as to offer the readers the opportunities and challenges in this field.

关键词： Heterogeneous nanostructures Core-shell Electrochemical reaction Methanol oxidation reaction Oxygen reduction reaction

Assessing Crop Water Demand and Deficit for the Growth of Spring Highland Barley in Tibet, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第3期12卷 541-551页

作者： liu Zhao-fei YAO Zhi-jun YU Cheng-qun ZHONG Zhi-ming Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The aim of this study was to assess the crop water demand and deficit of spring highland barley and discuss suitable irrigation systems for different regions in Tibet, China. Long-term trends in reference crop evapotranspiration and crop water demand were analyzed in different regions, together with crop water demand and deficit of spring highland barley under different precipitation frequencies. Results showed that precipitation trends during growth stages did not benefit the growth of spring highland barley. The crop coefficient of spring highland barley in Tibet was 0.87 and crop water demand was 389.0 ram. In general, a water deficit was found in Tibet, because precipitation was lower than water consumption of spring highland barley. The most severe water deficit were in the jointing to heading stage and the heading to wax ripeness stage, which are the most important growth stages for spring highland barley; water deficit in these two stages would be harmful to the yield. Water deficit showed different characteristics in different regions. In conclusion, irrigation systems may be more successful if based on an analysis of water deficit within different growth stages and in different regions.

关键词： Tibet highland barley Penman-Monteith reference crop evapotranspiration crop water requirement crop coefficient crop water deficit

A combined experimental and theoretical study of micronized coal reburning

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第1期7卷 119-126页

作者： Hai ZHANG Jiaxun liu jun SHEN Xiumin JIANG Institute of Thermal Energr Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Micronized coal reburning （MCR） can not only reduce carbon in fly ash but also reduce NOx emissions as compared to the conventional coal reburning. However, it has two major kinetic barriers in minimizing NOx emission. The first is the conversion of NO into hydrogen cyanide （HCN） by conjunction with various hydrocarbon fragments. The second is the oxidation of HCN by association with oxygen-containing groups. To elucidate the advantages of MCR, a combination of Diffuse Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR） experimental studies with Density Functional Theory （DFT） theoretical calculations is conducted in terms of the second kinetic barrier. FTIR studies based on Chinese Tiefa coal show that there are five hydroxide groups such as OH-n, OH-N, OH- OR2, self-associated OH and free OH. The hydroxide groups increase as the mean particle size decreases expect for free OH. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31 G（d） level indicate that HCN can be oxidized by hydroxide groups in three paths, HCN ＋ OH → HOCN ＋ H （path 1）, HCN ＋ OH → HNCO ＋ H （path 2）, and HCN ＋ OH -. CN ＋ H20 （path 3）. The rate limiting steps for path 1, path 2 and path 3 are IM2 → P1 ＋ H （170.66 kJ/mol activated energy）, IM1→IM3 （231.04 kJ/mol activated energy）, and R1 ＋ OH→ P3 ＋ H2O （97.14 kJ/mol activated energy）, respectively. The present study of MCR will provide insight into its lower NOx emission and guidance for further studies.

关键词： hydroxyl radicals Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) density functional theory (DFT) homogeneous reaction mechanism NOx

Retinoic acid metabolic change in retina and choroid of the guinea pig with lens-induced myopia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第6期5卷 670-674页

作者： jun-Feng Mao Shuang-Zhen liu Xiu-Qiong Dou Department of Ophthalmology Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410008

AIM: To investigate the role of retinoic add (RA) and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (RALDH(2)) of retina and choroid in the guinea pig lens-induced myopic eyes. METHODS: Totally 45 guinea pigs, at age of three weeks, were randomly assigned into three groups: the normal control, the lens-induced group and the recovering group. Out of focus was induced by the -6.00D concave lens on the left eye, and lasted for 15 days. All animals underwent biometric measurement (corneal radius of curvature, refraction and axial length). Subsequently, RA content in the retina and RPE/choriod complex was detected by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. RALDH(2) protein in the retina and RPE/choriod complex was evaluated by the immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. RESULTS: After wearing -6.00D lens for 15 days, axial length of the lens-induced eye extends and myopia was formed, with RA contents increasing in both the neural retina and RPE/choroid complex. Comparing with the lens-induced group, myopic degree significantly relieved, and its RA contents in both the neural retina and RPE/choroid complex decreased in the recovering group. In the normal control, RALDH(2) protein was expressed positively in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and lateral border of outer nuclear layer (ONL). Retinal RALDH(2) protein increased in the lens-induced group, and was also positive in the outer plexiform layer (OPL). In the recovering group, retinal RALDH(2) protein attenuated the expression in the OPL turns to negative. RALDH(2) protein was not expressed in the choroid of any group. CONCLUSION: RA of retina and chorid participates in the regulation of the lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs, which may be related with retinal RALDH(2) protein.

关键词： retinoic acid lens-induced myopia retinaldehyde dehydrogenase-2 guinea pig

PTHrP promotes subchondral bone formation in TMJ-OA

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第4期14卷 489-496页

作者： jun Zhang Caixia Pi Chen Cui Yang Zhou Bo liu Juan liu Xin Xu Xuedong Zhou Liwei Zheng State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology KunmingChina Department of Affiliated Stomatological HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina

PTH-related peptide(PTHr P) improves the bone marrow micro-environment to activate the bone-remodelling, but the coordinated regulation of PTHr P and transforming growth factor-β(TGFβ) signalling in TMJ-OA remains incompletely understood. We used disordered occlusion to establish model animals that recapitulate the ordinary clinical aetiology of TMJ-OA. Immunohistochemical and histological analyses revealed condylar fibrocartilage degeneration in model animals following disordered occlusion. TMJ-OA model animals administered intermittent PTHr P(i PTH) exhibited significantly decreased condylar cartilage degeneration. Micro-CT,histomorphometry, and Western Blot analyses disclosed that i PTH promoted subchondral bone formation in the TMJ-OA model animals. In addition, i PTH increased the number of osterix(OSX)-positive cells and osteocalcin(OCN)-positive cells in the subchondral bone marrow cavity. However, the number of osteoclasts was also increased by i PTH, indicating that subchondral bone volume increase was mainly due to the i PTH-mediated increase in the bone-formation ability of condylar subchondral *** vitro, PTHr P treatment increased condylar subchondral bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(SMSC) osteoblastic differentiation potential and upregulated the gene and protein expression of key regulators of osteogenesis. Furthermore, we found that PTHr P-PTH1R signalling inhibits TGFβ signalling during osteoblastic differentiation. Collectively, these data suggested that i PTH improves OA lesions by enhancing osteoblastic differentiation in subchondral bone and suppressing aberrant active TGFβsignalling. These findings indicated that PTHr P, which targets the TGFβ signalling pathway, may be an effective biological reagent to prevent and treat TMJ-OA in the clinic.

关键词： TMJ degeneration occlusion

Effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the growth and p53/c-Myc protein expression of implanted hepatic VX_2 tumor in rabbits by intravenous injection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第20期13卷 2798-2802页

作者： jun Hu Zhi-Su liu Sheng-Li Tang Yue-Ming He Department of General Surgery Zhongnan Hospital Wuhan University Wuhan 430071

AIM： To evaluate the effect of hydroxyapatite nano- particles （Nano HAP） by intravenous injection on the inhibition of implanted hepatic VX2 tumor growth in rabbits and cell p53/c-Myc protein expression. METHODS： 60 hepatic VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits was randomly divided into five groups. Nano HAP collosol 20 mglkg, 40 mg/kg, 5-FU solutions 20 mg/mL, mixed liquor of 5-FU solution 20 mg/mL and Nano HAP collosol 20 mg/kg were infused by vein, normal saline conducted as the control. The general state, weight, liver function and gross tumor volume were detected dynamically. The expression of p53 and c-Myc gene protein in tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry methods. RESULTS： The growth of implanted hepatic VX2 tumors was significantly inhibited in all therapy groups, 3 wk after the injection, the tumor control rates in Nano HAP collosol groups were 25.5% and 32.5% respectively, and the gross tumor volumes were obviously less than that of control group. （24.81 ± 5.17 and 22.73 ± 4.23 vs 33.32 ± 5.26, P 〈 0.05）. The tumor control rate of 5-FU group was 43.7% （18.74 4± 4.40 vs 33.32 ± 5.26, P 〈 0.05）, but the general state of the animals after injection aggravated; and the adverse reaction in the drug combination group obviously decreased. Due to the effect of Nano HAP, the positive expression of tumor associated the mutated p53 and c-Myc in tumor tissue was decreased obviously compared with the control group. CONCLUSION： Nano HAP has evident inhibitory action on rabbit implanted hepatic VX2 tumor in vivo, which may be the result of decreasing the expression of the mutated p53 and c-myc, and drug combination can obviously decrease the adverse reaction of 5-FU.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles Rabbit VX2 Liver carcinoma p53 c-myc

Simulation of stray grain formation at the platform during Ni-base single crystal superalloy DD403 casting

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China Foundry 2015年第2期12卷 118-122页

作者： Si-feng Gao Lin liu jun Zhang jun-feng Xiao Wen-shu Tang Yong-jun Li Qing Nan Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Solidifi cation Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University

The mechanism of stray grain formation at the platform of turbine blade simulator and the effect of withdrawal rate （V） on the stray grain phenomenon have been investigated using a macro-scale ProCAST coupled with a 3D Cel ular Automaton Finite Element （CAFE） model. The results indicate that the stray grains nucleate at the edges of platform at V=150μm·s-1 and 200μm·s-1. Using ProCAST computer simulation software, it was proven that the stray grain formation is signiifcantly dependent on the undercooling and the temperature ifeld distribution in the platform. The macroscopic curvature of the liquidus isotherm becomes markedly concave with an increase in the withdrawal rate. The probability of stray grain formation at the edges of platform can be increased by increasing the withdrawal rate in the range of 70μm·s-1 to 200μm·s-1.

关键词： nickel-based single crystal superalloy directional solidification stray grains undercooling

Potassium Channels: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Parkinson's Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第2期34卷 341-348页

作者： Xiaoyan Chen Bao Xue jun Wang Haixia liu Limin Shi junxia Xie Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Department of Physiology Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders Medical College of Qingdao University

The pathogenesis of the second major neurodegenerative disorder, Parkinson’s disease(PD), is closely associated with the dysfunction of potassium(K~+ ) channels. Therefore, PD is also considered to be an ion channel disease or neuronal channelopathy. Mounting evidence has shown that K~+ channels play crucial roles in the regulations of neurotransmitter release, neuronal excitability, and cell volume. Inhibition of K~+ channels enhances the spontaneous firing frequency of nigral dopamine(DA)neurons, induces a transition from tonic firing to burst discharge, and promotes the release of DA in the ***, three K~+ channels have been identified to protect DA neurons and to improve the motor and non-motor symptoms in PD animal models: small conductance(SK)channels, A-type K~+ channels, and KV7/KCNQ *** this review, we summarize the physiological and pharmacological effects of the three K~+ channels. We also describe in detail the laboratory investigations regarding K~+ channels as a potential therapeutic target for PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease A-type K+ channels SK channels KV7/KCNQ channels Dopamine