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Hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rodent brain impairs serotonergic neuronal function in certain dorsal raphé nuclei

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 457-463页

作者： Hanna E.Reinebrant julie A.Wixey Kathryn m.Buller UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia(HI) results in losses of serotonergic neurons in specific dorsal raphé nuclei. However, not all serotonergic raphé neurons are lost and it is therefore important to assess the function of remaining neurons in order to understand their potential to contribute to neurological disorders in the HI-affected neonate. The main objective of this study was to determine how serotonergic neurons, remaining in the dorsal raphé nuclei after neonatal HI, respond to an external stimulus(restraint stress). On postnatal day 3(P3), male rat pups were randomly allocated to one of the following groups:(i) control + no restraint(n = 5),(ii) control + restraint(n = 6),(iii) P3 HI + no restraint(n = 5) or(iv) P3 HI + restraint(n = 7). In the two HI groups, rat pups underwent surgery to ligate the common carotid artery and were then exposed to 6% O2 for 30 minutes. Six weeks after P3 HI, on P45, rats were subjected to restraint stress for 30 minutes. Using dual immunolabeling for Fos protein, a marker for neuronal activity, and serotonin(5-hydroxytrypamine; 5-HT), numbers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons were determined in five dorsal raphé nuclei. We found that restraint stress alone increased numbers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in all five dorsal raphé nuclei compared to control animals. However, following P3 HI, the number of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons was decreased significantly in the dorsal raphé ventrolateral, interfascicular and ventral nuclei compared with control animals exposed to restraint stress. In contrast, numbers of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphé dorsal and caudal nuclei were not affected by P3 HI. These data indicate that not only are dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons lost after neonatal HI, but also remaining dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons have reduced differential functional viability in response to an external stimulus. Procedures were approved by the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee(

关键词： dorsal raphé nuclei Fos hypoxia-ischemia neonate newborn brain injury preterm restraint stress serotonin

Coagulation enhanced electrokinetic settling of mature fine oil sands tailings

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2019年第2期29卷 199-208页

作者： Shriful Islam julie Q.Shang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Western Ontario Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shahjalal University of Science and Technology

The mature fine oil sand tailings(mFT) remain as slurry in the tailings pond for long time. The dewatering and consolidation of mFT for sustainable management is an important task for the mining industry. The objective of this study is to accelerate electrokinetic settling of mFT solids in suspensions in presence of optimal coagulant. In the first phase, optimal coagulant and coagulant dosage for settling of suspension are identified, i.e., ferric chloride at 350 mg/L. It is found that the chemical treatment is not much effective; the final solid content of the sediment is only 6.48% from an initial of 5%. In the second phase,combined coagulation and electrokinetic treatment is carried out to enhance the settling effect. The direct electric current is applied in continuous and intermittent modes on mFT suspensions placed in electrokinetic cell. The results show the final solid content reaches 23.74% under the combined application of350 mg/L ferric chloride and 218.75 V/m applied voltage gradient in the continuous mode. The intermittent current mode with 40% save in power consumption produces a settled sediment having 20.84% final solid content.

关键词： Electrokinetics Electrophoresis Coagulation Settling Voltage gradient mFT

mental and physical symptoms associated with lower social support for patients with hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第29期12卷 4665-4672页

作者： julie A Blasiole Laura Shinkunas Douglas R LaBrecque Robert m Arnold Susan L Zickmund VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion PittsburghPAUnited States Department of Epidemiology University of Iowa School of Public Health Iowa CityIAUnited States Department of Internal medicine University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Iowa CityIAUnited States Department of medicine University of Pittsburgh School of medicine PittsburghPAUnited States Department of medicine University of Pittsburgh School of medicine VA Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemCenter for Health Equity Research and PromotionPittsburghPAUnited States

AIm: To systematically examine the impact of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis on patients' level of social support in a large-scale study. mETHODS: Patients evaluated and treated for HCV in a tertiary referral center were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Demographic data, functional and emotional status as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), severity of liver disease, mode of acquisition, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities were collected from patients or abstracted from the medical record. All participants completed a semi-structured interview, addressing questions of social support. RESULTS: A total of 342 patients (mean age 45.2 years; 37% women) were enrolled. Ninety-two (27%) patients described lower levels of support by family and friends. Nearly half of the participants (45%) noted the loss of at least one relationship due to the disease. Fears related to transmitting the disease (25%) were common and often associated with ignorance or even discrimination by others (19%). Nearly one fifth of the patients did not share information about their disease with others to avoid being stigmatized. Lower levels of social support were significantly associated with living alone, being unemployed, being excluded from antiviral therapy, having psychiatric comorbidities, contracting HCV through intravenous drug use, having high levels of anxiety and depression as measured by the HAD and negative mood state as measured by the SIP. Patients reporting lower levels of social support also noted more physical symptoms as measured by the SIP. CONCLUSION: Patients with hepatitis C often face significant social problems, ranging from social isolation to familial stress. The most common concerns reflect a limited insight of patients and their relatives and friends about the disease, the risk factors for its spread, and about potential consequences. Our data suggest that educational interventions targeting

关键词： Hepatitis C Social support Depression Anxiety Quality of life Stigmatization

IGF1-PI3K-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy:Implications for new heart failure therapies,biomarkers,and predicting cardiotoxicity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第6期10卷 637-647,I0001页

作者： Sebastian Bass-Stringer Celeste m.K.Tai julie R.mcmullen Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute MelbourneVIC 3004Australia Department of Physiology Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Department of Physiology and Department of medicine Alfred Hospital Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia

Heart failure represents the end point of a variety of cardiovascular *** is a growing health burden and a leading cause of death *** date,limited treatment options exist for the treatment of heart failure,but exercise has been well-established as one of the few safe and effective interventions,leading to improved outcomes in ***,a lack of patient adherence remains a significant barrier in the implementation of exercise-based therapy for the treatment of heart *** insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)pathway has been recognized as perhaps the most critical pathway for mediating exercisedinduced heart growth and ***,we discuss how modulating activity of the IGF1PI3K pathway may be a valuable approach for the development of therapies that mimic the protective effects of exercise on the *** outline some of the promising approaches being investigated that utilize PI3K-based therapy for the treatment of heart *** discuss the implications for cardiac pathology and cardiotoxicity that arise in a setting of reduced PI3K ***,we discuss the use of animal models of cardiac health and disease,and genetic mice with increased or decreased cardiac PI3K activity for the discovery of novel drug targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.

关键词： Cardiac protection Cardiotoxicity Exercise Heart failure IGF1 PI3K Therapies

Characterizing drought in California:new drought indices and scenario-testing in support of resource management

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Lorraine E.Flint Alan L.Flint John mendoza julie Kalansky F.m.Ralph U.S.Geological Survey 6000 J.StSacramentoCA 95819USA Sonoma County Water Agency 404 Aviation Dr.Santa RosaCA 95403USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography 9500 Gilman Dr.La JollaCA 92093USA

Introduction:California’s recent drought(2012–2016)has implications throughout the state for natural resource management and adaptation planning and has generated many discussions about drought characterization and *** study characterizes drought conditions with two indices describing deficits in natural water supply and increases in landscape stress developed on the basis of water balance modeling,at a fine spatial scale to assess the variation in conditions across the entire state,and provides an in-depth evaluation for the Russian River basin in northern California to address local resource management by developing extreme drought scenarios for consideration in planning and ***:We employed the USGS Basin Characterization model to characterize drought on the basis of water supply(a measure of recharge plus runoff)and landscape stress(climatic water deficit).These were applied to the state and to the Russian River basin where antecedent soil moisture conditions were evaluated and extreme drought scenarios were developed and run through a water management and reservoir operations model to further explore impacts on water ***:Drought indices indicated that as of the end of water year 2016 when reservoirs were full,additional water supply and landscape replenishment of up to three average years of precipitation in some locations was needed to return to normal *** soil conditions in the Russian River were determined to contribute to very different water supply results for different years and were necessary to understand to anticipate proper watershed response to *** drought scenarios manifested very different kinds of drought and recovery and characterization helps to guide the management response to ***:These scenarios and indices illustrate how droughts differ with regard to water supply and landscape stress and how long warm droughts recover much more slowly than short very dry dro

关键词： California drought Russian River Water supply Basin Characterization model

Time dependent integration of matrix metalloproteinases and their targeted substrates directs axonal sprouting and synaptogenesis following central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 362-376页

作者： Linda L.Phillips julie L.Chan Adele E.Doperalski Thomas m.Reeves Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Over the past two decades, many investigators have reported how extracellular matrix molecules act to regulate neuroplasticity. The majority of these studies involve proteins which are targets of matrix metalloproteinases. Importantly, these enzyme/substrate interactions can regulate degenerative and regenerative phases of synaptic plasticity, directing axonal and dendritic reorganization after brain insult. The present review first summarizes literature support for the prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases during neuroregeneration, followed by a discussion of data contrasting adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity that reveals time-dependent metalloproteinase/substrate regulation of postinjury synaptic recovery. The potential for these enzymes to serve as therapeutic targets for enhanced neuroplasticity after brain injury is illustrated with experiments demonstrating that metalloproteinase inhibitors can alter adaptive and maladaptive outcome. Finally, the complexity of metalloproteinase role in reactive synaptogenesis is revealed in new studies showing how these enzymes interact with immune molecules to mediate cellular response in the local regenerative environment, and are regulated by novel binding partners in the brain extracellular matrix. Together, these different examples show the complexity with which metalloproteinases are integrated into the process of neuroregeneration, and point to a promising new angle for future studies exploring how to facilitate brain plasticity.

关键词： neuroregeneration reactive synaptogenesis matrix metalloproteinases brain injury adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity metalloproteinase inhibition osteopontin lipocalin 2

The problem and promise of scale in multilayer animal social networks

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 113-123页

作者： Alec L.ROBITAILLE Quinn m.R.WEBBER julie W.TURNER Vander WAL ERIC Department of Biology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology Interdisciplinary Program Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNLA1B 3X9Canada

Scale remains a foundational concept in *** scale,for instance,has become a central consideration in the way we understand landscape ecology and animal space ***,scale-dependent social processes can range from fine scale interactions to co-occurrence and overlapping home ***,sociality can vary within and across *** networks promise the explicit integration of the social,spatial,and temporal *** the complex interplay of sociality and animal space use in heterogeneous landscapes,there remains an important gap in our understanding of the influence of scale on animal social *** an empirical case study,we discuss ways of considering social,spatial,and temporal scale in the context of multilayer caribou social *** integration of social and spatial processes,including biologically meaningful scales,within the context of animal social networks is an emerging area of *** incorporate perspectives that link the social environment to spatial processes across scales in a multilayer context.

关键词： caribou habitat selection landscape ecology Rangifer social network analysis space use

Feasibility,safety and limits of robotic approach for lymphadenectomy in biliary tumours

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 404-406页

作者： julie Deyrat Stylianos Tzedakis AP-HP Centre Universitéde ParisGroupe Hospitalier Cochin Port RoyalDMU Cancérologie et spécialités médico-chirurgicalesService de chirurgie hépatobiliairedigestive et endocrinienneParisFrance

We read with great interest the study of Ratti et al.(1)aiming to compare robotic,laparoscopic and open hepatectomies in terms of feasibility,safety and oncological adequacy in surgery for biliary tumours(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer).The authors conducted a retrospective monocentric study focusing on the quality of lymphadenectomy,operative time and postoperative morbidity and mortality up to day *** a weighted propensity score analysis by inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW),25 patients operated by robotic approach were compared with 97 patients operated by laparoscopy and 113 by laparotomy.

关键词： Robotic minimally invasive lymphadenectomy biliary tumour

Crouzon syndrome mouse model exhibits cartilage hyperproliferation and defective segmentation in the developing trachea

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第10期62卷 1375-1380页

作者： Elizabeth A. Hines mary-Kayt N. Jones julie F. Harvey Chad Perlyn David m. Ornitz Xin Sun Jamie m. Verheyden Laboratory of Genetics University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Surgery Florida International University College of MedicineMiamiFL 33199USA Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMO 63110USA Department of Pediatrics University of California-San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Crouzon syndrome is the result of a gain-of-function point mutation in FGFR2. mimicking the human mutation, a mouse model of Crouzon syndrome(Fgfr2342Y) recapitulates patient deformities, including failed tracheal cartilage segmentation, resulting in a cartilaginous sleeve in the homozygous mutants. We found that the Fgfr2C342Y/C^342Y mutants exhibited an increase in chondrocytes prior to segmentation. This increase is due at least in part to over proliferation. Genetic ablation of chondrocytes in the mutant led to restoration of segmentation in the lateral but not central portion of the trachea. These results suggest that in the Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y mutants, increased cartilage cell proliferation precedes and contributes to the disruption of cartilage segmentation in the developing trachea.

关键词： trachea lung mouse development