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Associations between measures of pediatric human resources and the under-five mortality rate: a nationwide study in China in 2014

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期17卷 317-325页

作者： Xi Zhang Jian Wang Li-Su Huang Xin Zhou julian little Therese Hesketh Yong-Jun Zhang Kun Sun Department of Pediatrics Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Clinical Research Unit Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of OttawaOttawaCanada Institute for Global Health University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Institute for Global Health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou China

Background To quantify the associations between the under-five mortality rate(U5MR)and measures of pediatric human resources,including pediatricians per thousand children(PPTC)and the geographical distribution of *** We analyzed data from a national survey in 2015-2016 in 2636 counties,accounting for 31 mainland provinces of *** evaluated the associations between measures of pediatric human resources and the risk of a high U5MR(>18 deaths per 1000 live births)using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression models with adjustments for potential *** and pediatricians per 10,000 km^(2) were categorized into *** highest quartiles were used as *** The median values of PPTC and pediatricians per 10,000 km^(2) were 0.35(0.20-0.70)and 150(50-500),*** to the counties with the highest PPTC(≥0.7),those with the lowest PPTC(<0.2)had a 52% higher risk of a high U5MR,with an L-shaped *** inverted J-shaped relationship was found that the risk of a high U5MR was 3.74[95%confidence interval(CI)2.55-5.48],3.07(95% CI 2.11-4.47),and 2.25 times(95% CI 1.52-3.31)higher in counties with<50,50-149,and 150-499 pediatricians per 10,000 km^(2),respectively,than in counties with≥500 physicians per 10,000 km^(2).The joint association analyses show a stronger association with the risk of a high U5MR in geographical pediatrician density than *** Both population and geographical pediatrician density should be considered when planning child health care services,even in areas with high numbers of PPTC.

关键词： China Human resources for health Inequality National survey Pediatrician

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A genetic variant in the placenta-derived MHC class I chain-related gene A increases the risk of preterm birth in a Chinese population

A genetic variant in the placenta-derived MHC class I chain-...

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2017中国长三角遗传学大会

作者： Junjiao Song Jing Li Han Liu Yuexin Gan Yang Sun Min Yu Yongjun Zhang Fei Luo Ying Tian Weiye Wang Jun Zhang julian little Haidong Cheng Dan Chen Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Neonatology Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Life ScienceYunnan University Department of Obstetrics Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University School of Epidemiology Public Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Ottawa

Preterm birth(PTB) is a predominant contributor to neonatal mortality and morbidity ***,the pathophysiology of PTB is not *** tested the hypothesis that single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the placenta-derived MHC class I chain-related gene A {MICA) could disrupt placental development and hence result in *** selected SNPs in MICA were genotyped in a case-control study of127 premature infants and 634 term controls in a Chinese Han *** found that significantly increased PTB risk was associated with homozygosity for the A variant of rs2256318(adjusted odds ratio=6.97 and 95%confidence interval=2.34-20.74 for A/A,compared with G/G genotype,P=0.001).In addition,the A/A genotype of rs2256318 was associated with decreased placental weight of neonates(β=-25.331;P=0.033).Furthermore,stratified analysis demonstrated that the A/A genotype of rs2256318 was associated with increased PTB risk in female *** addition,we observed statistical interaction between the polymorphism rs2516448 and sex(P=0.04).No significant differences in the distribution of haplotypes between cases and controls were *** results indicate that the polymorphism of rs2256318 in MICA may contribute to the etiology of PTB through interfering with placental *** findings need to be further validated in larger and multi-ethnic populations.

关键词： Preterm birth single-nucleotide polymorphism MHC class I chain-related gene A placental weight

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Design and optimization of thermally responsive autonomous dynamic glazed attachment systems for building solar heat gain control

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Building Simulation 2023年第10期16卷 1971-1986页

作者： Neda Ghaeili Ardabili Yanxiao Feng julian Wang Department of Architectural Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Windows,as transparent intermediaries between the indoors and outdoors,have a significant impact on building energy consumption and indoor visual and thermal *** the recent development of dynamic window structures,especially various attachment technologies,the thermal,visual,and energy performances of windows have been significantly *** this research,a new dynamic transparent louver structure sandwiched within conventional double-pane windows is proposed,designed,optimized,and examined in terms of energy savings in different *** uniqueness of the proposed design is that it autonomously responds to the seasonal needs prompted by solar heat gain through the use of thermally deflected bimetallic ***,by integrating spectral selective louvers into the system design,the dynamic structure enables strong solar infrared modulation with a little visible *** optical and thermal properties of the dynamic glazing structure support about 30%and 16%seasonal variations in solar heat gains and visible transmittance,***,the potential energy savings were explored via parametric energy simulations,which showed significant potential for heating and cooling energy *** proposed design demonstrates a simple smart dynamic glazing structure driven by seasonal temperature differences,with significant solar heat control capabilities and minor effects on the visible or visual quality of the glazing system.

关键词： smart window window attachment spectrally selective louver solar heat gain visible transmittance bimetal structure

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Applications-Some Influences of Engineering Ideas on Biology Being the fifth in a series of essays on the materials of nature

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2006年第2期3卷 99-114页

作者： julian F.V.Vincent Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of BathBath BA2 7AYUK

Ideas from engineering have helped the understanding of biological organisms for thousands of years. However, the mechanical aspects of biological materials and structures can, if properly interpreted and analysed, lead to a deeper understanding of the biology of organisms. Such an approach, although always current in some form, is nevertheless subject to the vagaries of fashion and the availability of analytical techniques. At present we are in a period of upturn. Areas of interest are deployable structures （applications in aerospace）, palaeontology （how little do we need to know in order to create a credible biosphere） and food science （we need a rational approach to the mechanics of food）.

关键词： Applications-Some Influences of Engineering Ideas on Biology Being the fifth in a series of essays on the materials of nature

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Cytosolic Ca^2＋ Signals Enhance the Vacuolar Ion Conductivity of Bulging Arabidopsis Root Hair Cells

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Molecular Plant 2015年第11期8卷 1665-1674页

作者： Yi Wang julian Dindas Florian Rienmuller Melanie Krebs Rainer Waadt Karin Schumacher Wei-Hua Wu Rainer Hedrichl M. Rob G. Roelfsema Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences Biocenter Werzburg University Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082Wurzburg Germany State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB) College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Centre for Organismal Studies Developmental Biology of Plants University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany College of Science King Saud University (KSU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Plant cell expansion depends on the uptake of solutes across the plasma membrane and their storage within the vacuole. In contrast to the well-studied plasma membrane, little is known about the regulation of ion transport at the vacuolar membrane. We therefore established an experimental approach to study vacuolar ion transport in intact Arabidopsis root cells, with multi-barreled microelectrodes. The subcellular position of electrodes was detected by imaging current-injected fluorescent dyes. Comparison of measurements with electrodes in the cytosol and vacuole revealed an average vacuolar membrane potential of -31 inV. Voltage clamp recordings of single vacuoles resolved the activity of voltage-independent and slowly deactivating channels. In bulging root hairs that express the Ca2＋ sensor R-GECO1, rapid elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration was observed, after impalement with microelectrodes, or injection of the Ca^2＋ chelator BAPTA. Elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level stimulated the activity of voltage- independent channels in the vacuolar membrane. Likewise, the vacuolar ion conductance was enhanced during a sudden increase of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level in cells injected with fluorescent Ca^2＋ indicator FURA-2. These data thus show that cytosolic Ca^2＋ signals can rapidly activate vacuolar ion channels, which may prevent rupture of the vacuolar membrane, when facing mechanical forces.

关键词： electrophysiology ion channels calcium signaling/transport fluorescence imaging Arabidopsis,vacuolar membrane

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Evaluation of nutrient stoichiometric relationships among ecosystem compartments of a subtropical treatment wetland. Do we have “Redfield wetlands”?

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 267-287页

作者： Paul julian II Stefan Gerber Rupesh K.Bhomia Jill King Todd Z.Osborne Alan L.Wright Matthew Powers Jacob Dombrowski Soil and Water Sciences Department University of FloridaFt.PierceFL34945USA Soil and Water Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA South Florida Water Management District Water Quality Treatment TechnologiesWest Palm BeachFL 33406USA Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience University of FloridaSt AugustineFL 32080USA.

Background:Evaluation of carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)ratios in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems can advance our understanding of biological processes,nutrient cycling,and the fate of organic matter(OM)in these *** of aquatic ecosystems can change the accumulation and decomposition of OM which can alter biogeochemical cycling and alter the base of the aquatic food *** study investigated nutrient stoichiometry within and among wetland ecosystem compartments(i.e.,water column,flocculent,soil,and aboveground vegetation biomass)of two subtropical treatment wetlands with distinct vegetation *** flow-ways(FWs)within the network of Everglades Stormwater Treatment Areas in south Florida(USA)were selected for this *** evaluated nutrient stoichiometry of these to understand biogeochemical cycling and controls of nutrient removal in a treatment wetland within an ecological stoichiometry ***:This study demonstrates that C,N,and P stoichiometry can be highly variable among ecosystem compartments and between *** law slopes of C,N,and P within surface water floc,soil,and vegetation were significantly different between and along ***:Assessment of wetland nutrient stoichiometry between and within ecosystem compartments suggests unconstrained stoichiometry related to P that conforms with the notion of P limitation in the *** in N:P ratios between floc and soil suggest different pathways of organic nutrient accumulation and retention between *** nutrient stoichiometry was highly variable and decoupled(or close to decoupled as indicated bylittle evidence that such balancing occurred,as the

关键词： Decomposition Mineralization Everglades Treatment wetlands

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Clostridium difficile infection in the community:Are proton pump inhibitors to blame?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第40期19卷 6710-6713页

作者： Daniel E Freedberg julian A Abrams Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States

Once a nosocomial disease,Clostridium difficile infection(CDI)now appears frequently in the community in the absence of exposure to *** studies have shown that patients with community-acquired CDI are younger,more likely to be female,and have fewer comorbidities compared to patients with hospital-associated *** most studies of CDI are hospitalbased,comparatively little is known about communityacquired *** recent study by Chitnis has received widespread attention because it used active surveillance to capture all cases of community-acquired CDI within a large population and assessed key risk *** authors found that low-level healthcare exposure and proton pump inhibitor use were common among those with non-antibiotics associated,community-acquired *** this commentary,we discuss the changing epidemiology of community-acquired CDI and the evidence basis for the controversial association between proton pump inhibitors and community-acquired CDI.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Pseudomembranous enterocolitis Proton pump inhibitors Anti-bacterial agents Pharmacoepidemiology Public health Disease outbreaks Epidemics

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Carbonic anhydrases are upstream regulators of CO2 signaling in guard cells

Carbonic anhydrases are upstream regulators of CO2 signaling...

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从植物科学到农业发展——2012全国植物生物学大会

作者： julian I.Schroeder Cell and Developmental Biology Section Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0116USA

We know ambient CO is continuing rising and this rising CO causes plants stomatal pores closing and thus regulates plant gas exchange---CO influx into plants and water loss by ***,little is known about the early CO sensing mechanisms that control plant gas ***,we found that CO-binding proteins,βCA1 andβCA4, are required for[CO]regulation of stomatal movements and also stomatal development, functioning as the earliest components in guard cell signaling ***, CA-mediated stomatal CO responses are not directly linked to photosynthesis and originate in guard *** cell over-expression of either CA1 or CA4 in wild-type plants greatly enhances water use *** physiological research showed that CA-mediated catalysis is a major mechanism forβCA-mediated CCvinduced stomatal closing and elevated HCO,more than CO and protons,functions as a small-molecule transducer to activate anion channels in guard *** this pathway,Cais required for HCO activation of S-type anion channel and the activation is mediated by SLAC1. Furthermore,several proteins were identified as interactors of CA1 and CA4,indicating there is another mechanism for CA1 and CA4 in CO regulation of stomatal movement. The detailed data will be presented at the meeting.

关键词： βCA1 andβCA4 CO2 HCO3- guard cell stomatal movement signaling

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The Interaction(s) between Calf-Skin Hyaluronic Acid (Hyaluronan) and Dermal Type I Calf-Skin Collagen under 254 nm UV Radiation: Ability of Hyaluronan to Alter Qualitative and Quantitative Dimerization of Collagen Tyrosine Residues

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2019年第2期9卷 51-59页

作者： julian M.Menter La Toya Freeman Ortega Edukye Department of Microbiology Biochemistryand ImmunologyMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs, providing not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents and initiating crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues, required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. Roughly divided into two groups, these are 1) the main fibrous ECM proteins: collagens, elastins, fibronectins and laminins. 2) Classification of proteoglycans (PGs) is based on their location and binding. Although many different molecular interactions are possible, they depend on the cells’ condition (i.e. “Normal”, Aged, Wounded/Fibrotic, and cancerous). There is little or no data that addresses the influence of the surrounding ECM on dityrosine formation. As a simpler model, we have replaced total PG with hyaluronan (HA) and have used purified calf-skin collagen tyrosine, which forms dityrosine (A2) under 254 nm UV in buffered solution and (near) physiological temperatures. Our results reveal a complicated temperature dependence involving factors relating to collagen HA structure, and collagen’s photochemical activation parameters.

关键词： Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Proteoglycan Type I Collagen Tyrosine Dityrosine Fluorescence UV Radiation Rate of Dityrosine Formation Photodimerization

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镁铝尖晶石本征色心的计算机模拟

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上海理工大学学报 2005年第2期27卷 104-106页

作者：张飞武张启仁刘廷禹孙媛媛陶琨 julian Gale 上海理工大学理学院上海200093 澳大利亚柯蒂斯科技大学应用化学系

利用计算机模拟技术和经验参数化方法,通过对镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4)晶体结构、晶格形成能及本征缺陷形成能的计算,论证了镁空位V2-O和少量的Al+Mg是MgAl2O4中的本征Mg、氧空位V2+点缺陷.并指出其会以[V2-O]空位对和[V2-Mg]的形式实现电荷... 详细信息

利用计算机模拟技术和经验参数化方法,通过对镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4)晶体结构、晶格形成能及本征缺陷形成能的计算,论证了镁空位V2-O和少量的Al+Mg是MgAl2O4中的本征Mg、氧空位V2+点缺陷.并指出其会以[V2-O]空位对和[V2-Mg]的形式实现电荷补偿.

关键词：镁铝尖晶石色心计算机模拟

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