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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： julia Castillo-González Elena González-Rey Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(IPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

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Outcompeted by an invader?Interference and exploitative competition between tropical house gecko(Hemidactylus mabouia)and Barbados leaf-toed gecko(Phyllodactylus pulcher)for diurnal refuges in anthropogenic coastal habitats

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 229-238页

作者： Robert WILLIAMS Angelo P.PERNETTA julia.a.horrocks Ecology and Conservation Research Group School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK Ecology and Conservation Research Group University of BrightonHastingsUK Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of the West IndiesBarbadosWest Indies

House geckos in the genus Hemidactylus are highly successful colonizers of regions beyond their native range,with colonization often resulting in displacement of native gecko species through competitive interactions for daytime refuge(crevices)and prey *** report on data collected from nighttime surveys undertaken in April-May 2014 on Barbados,West Indies,that focused on the distribution and abundance of the endemic Barbados leaf-toed gecko(Phyllodactylus pulcher)and the introduced tropical house gecko(Hemidactylus mabouia)along unlit coastal walls and among boulders in the grounds of a hotel *** contrast to patterns of displacement of native species by *** seen elsewhere,*** was more abundant than *** on coastal walls,whereas the latter was found in greater numbers using boulders at this *** and boulders differed with regard to availability of diurnal refugia suitable for geckos,with the walls having high frequency of small crevices with openings<20 mm,and boulders offering very little cover other than the underside of the boulder *** investigate whether this niche separation was a result of differences in diurnal refuge use between the species,we conducted experimental trials in which geckos were allowed to select between refugia with different *** species selected for narrower and warmer refugia,and refugia that had been previously occupied by the other *** shared preferences for refugia type suggest that other factors underlie the niche separation observed in the *** supporting high densities of ***,coastal walls could offer important secondary habitat by augmenting the natural cliff side habitat of this endemic gecko,a finding that could be exploited for the conservation of this candidate species for Critically Endangered classification.

关键词： Barbados leaf-toed gecko Hemidactylus island endemic Phyllodactylus tropical house gecko

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Semantics ■ scalability |=⊥?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2012年第4期13卷 241-244页

作者： Ian horrocks Department of Computer Science Oxford University

The Web Ontology Language (OWL) (horrocks et al.,2003; W3C OWL Working Group,2009a)has been developed and standardised by the WorldWide Web Consortium (W3C).

关键词：语义Web 可扩展性 Web本体语言网络传播 OWL W3C 工作组标准化

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3-D geochemical interpolation guided by geophysical inversion models

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 132-145页

作者： Tom horrocks Eun-Jung Holden Daniel Wedge ChrisWijns Centre for Exploration Targeting.School of Earth Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia

3-D geochemical subsurface models,as constructed by spatial interpolation of drill-core assays,are valuable assets across multiple stages of the mineral industry's ***,the accuracy of such models is limited by the spatial sparsity of the underlying drill-core,which samples only a small fraction of the *** limitation can be alleviated by integrating collocated 3-D models into the interpolation process,such as the 3-D rock property models produced by modern geophysical inversion procedures,provided that they are sufficiently resolved and correlated with the interpolation *** standard machine learning algorithms are capable of predicting the target property given these data,incorporating spatial autocorrelation and anisotropy in these models is often not *** propose a Gaussian process regression model for 3-D geochemical interpolation,where custom kernels are introduced to integrate collocated 3-D rock property models while addressing the trade-off between the spatial proximity of drill-cores and the similarities in their collocated rock properties,as well as the relative degree to which each supporting 3-D model contributes to *** proposed model was evaluated for 3-D modelling of Mg content in the Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE deposit based on drill-core analyses and four 3-D geophysical inversion *** the inversion models improved the regression model's likelihood(relative to a purely spatial Gaussian process regression model)when evaluated at held-out test holes,but only for moderate spatial scales(100 m).

关键词： Machine learning Gaussian process regression Kriging Geophysical inversion Interpolation

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Social Vulnerability Factors and Reported Post-Disaster Needs in the Aftermath of Hurricane Florence

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： julia Crowley Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Western Carolina UniversityCullowheeNC 28723USA

This research examines the relationship between social vulnerability factors and reported needs following Hurricane *** least squares regression models were used to identify predictor variables for valid registrations that reported needs pertaining to emergencies,food,and *** consisted of zip codes in North Carolina and South Carolina that received individual assistance for Hurricane Florence(N=406).The results suggest that when controlling for event-specific factors and flood mitigation factors,the proportions of the population that is female,the population over 65,the population aged5 and under,the population older than 5 years not speaking English,and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported emergency *** controlling for the same variables,the proportions of the population over the age of 25 with a Bachelor’s degree,the female population,the population aged 5 and under,the population above 5 years old that does not speak English,and the minority population were all predictors of the per capita reported food *** the same variables controlled for,three variables—the proportions of the population over65,the population aged 5 and under,and the non-Englishspeaking population above 5 years of age—were all predictors of the per capita reported shelter *** results suggest that more attention should be given to these vulnerable populations in the pre-disaster planning process.

关键词： FEMA Hurricane Florence Social vulnerability Post-disaster needs

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Quantum receiver enhanced by adaptive learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第12期11卷 3080-3086页

作者： Chaohan Cui William horrocks Shuhong Hao Saikat Guha Nasser Peyghambarian Quntao Zhuang Zheshen Zhang James C.Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Quantum receivers aim to effectively navigate the vast quantum-state space to endow quantum information processing capabilities unmatched by classical *** date,only a handful of quantum receivers have been constructed to tackle the problem of discriminating coherent *** receivers designed by analytical approaches,however,are incapable of effectively adapting to diverse environmental conditions,resulting in their quickly diminishing performance as the operational complexities ***,we present a general architecture,dubbed the quantum receiver enhanced by adaptive learning,to adapt quantum receiver structures to diverse operational *** adaptively learned quantum receiver is experimentally implemented in a hardware platform with record-high *** the architecture and the experimental advances,the error rate is reduced up to 40%over the standard quantum limit in two coherent-state encoding schemes.

关键词： quantum coherent matched

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Multidimensional separation due to selective spherical agglomeration—Evidence of shape separation via X-ray microtomography

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Particuology 2021年第5期19卷 316-323页

作者： julia Schreier Ulrich Brockel University of Applied Sciences Trier Institute for Micro-Process-Engineering and Particle Technology(IMiP)Umwelt-Campus BirkenfeldP.O.Box 1380D-55761 BirkenfeldGermany

Objective of this work was to develop a novel method for characterizing real 3D shapes of particles smaller than 20μm by X-ray microtomography(X-RMT).Multidimensional separation of heterogenous solids through agglomeration in suspension will improve recycling processes as the particle shape and the agglomerate size are used for shape-selective *** the present paper we discuss the fundamentals of X-ray tomography and the experimental setup for selective spherical agglomeration in suspension.A specific preparation method of the particulate sample for X-RMT followed by 3D image processing,are essential for the shape analysis expressed as *** also discuss the limitation of this method due to the so-called Partial Volume Effect and particle clusters in the order of magnitude of X-RMT *** proof of concept,we used a mixture of graphite platelets and spheronized graphite particles for a shape selective-agglomeration in *** remaining fines were analyzed and showed more platelets than in the *** indicates that spheronized particles are preferably bound in the *** findings show that,based on the discussed sample preparation and a 3D image analysis in connection with X-RMT,particle shapes of micronized particles can be discriminated.

关键词： Multidimensional separation X-ray microtomography Selective agglomeration Particle shape Graphite

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Here comes the sun:How optimization of photosynthetic light reactions can boost crop yields

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 564-591页

作者： julia Walter Johannes Kromdijk Department of Plant Sciences University of CambridgeCambridgeCB23EA UK Carl R Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois61801 USA

Photosynthesis started to evolve some 3.5 billion years ago CO;is the substrate for photosynthesis and in the past 200-250 years,atmospheric levels have approximately doubled due to human industrial ***,this time span is not sufficient for adaptation mechanisms of photosynthesis to be evolutionarily *** increases in human population,shortage of arable land and food,and climate change call for actions,*** to substantial research efforts and advances in the last century,basic knowledge of photosynthetic and primary metabolic processes can now be translated into strategies to optimize photosynthesis to its full potential in order to improve crop yields and food supply for the *** different approaches have been proposed in recent years,some of which have already proven successful in different crop ***,we summarize recent advances on modifications of the complex network of photosynthetic light *** are the starting point of all biomass production and supply the energy equivalents necessary for downstream processes as well as the oxygen we breathe.

关键词： bioengineering crop improvement electron transfer light reactions photosynthesis photosystem stress tolerance

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Equilibrium Arrivals to Preemptive Queueing System with Fixed and Random Population Size

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 77-92页

作者： julia Chirkova Vladimir Mazalov Institute of Applied Mathematical Research Karelian Research Centre of RASPetrozavodsk185910Russia School of Mathematics and Statistics Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071ShandongChina

A single-server queueing system with preemptive access is *** customer has one attempt to enter the system at its working interval[0,T].As soon as the customer request enters the system,the server immediately starts the *** when the next request arrives in the system,the previous one leaves the system even he has not finished his service *** study a non-cooperative game in which the customers wish to maximize their probability of obtaining service within a certain period of *** characterize the Nash equilibrium and the price of anarchy,which is defined as the ratio between the optimal and equilibrium social *** models are *** the first model the number of players is fixed,while in the second it is random and obeys the Poisson *** demonstrate that there exists a unique symmetric equilibrium for both ***,we calculate the price of anarchy for both models and show that the price of anarchy is not monotone with respect to the number of customers.

关键词： Service system Preemptive priorities Strategic users Random number of players Optimal arrivals Kolmogorov backward equations Nash equilibrium Price of anarchy

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Niche overlap in allotopic and syntopic populations of sexually interacting ground-hopper species

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 391-402页

作者： Axel Hochkirch julia Groning Department of Biogeography Trier University Trier University of Osnabruck Department of Biologyl Chemistry Division of Ecology Osnabrock Germany

There is accumulating evidence that sexual interactions among species （reproductive interference） could have dramatic effects for species＇ coexistence. It has been shown that the fitness of individuals can be substantially reduced as a consequence of reproductive interference. This might subsequently lead to displacement of a species （sexual exclusion）. On the other hand, some evolutionary and ecological mechanisms might enable species to coexist, such as the divergence of mate recognition systems （reproductive character displacement）, habitat partitioning, clumped dispersion patterns or different colonization capabilities. We have previously shown that the two ground-hopper species Tetrix subulata and Tetrix ceperoi interact sexually in the laboratory as well as in the field. At sites where both species co-occur niche overlap was high, suggesting that coexistence is maintained by different niche breadths rather than by habitat partitioning. To test the hypothesis that habitat partitioning does not contribute to species＇ coexistence, we examined whether allotopic and syntopic populations of these two species differ in niche overlap （competitive release）, Our results show that niche overlap is higher in syntopic than in allotopic populations, suggesting that the site-specific habitat structure （heterogeneity） has a stronger influence on microhabitat utilization than the presence of heterospecifics. Hence, our data do not support the hypothesis that habitat partitioning plays a substantial role for the coexistence of these sexually interacting species.

关键词： coexistence competition niche breadth niche partitioning reproductive interference

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