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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2007年第3期26卷 131-139页

作者： Eric L Eisenstein, DBA Kevin J. Anstrom, PhD David F. Kong, mD Linda K. Shaw, mS Robert H. Tuttle, mSPH Daniel B. mark, mD, mPH judith m. Kramer, mD, mS Robert A. Harrington, mD David B. matchar, mD David E. Kandzari, mD 1 Eric D. Peterson, mD, mPH Kevin A. Schulman, mD Robert m. Califf, mD 李呈亿（译） David E. Kandzari, mD Department of medicine Duke Clinical Research Institute Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University medical Center Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke Translational medicine Institute Durham NC the Duke Center for Clinical Health Policy Research Durham NC 不详

背景：近来的冠状动脉内药物洗脱支架研究提示，现行的抗血小板治疗方案可能并不足以预防后期支架内血栓形成。目的：于接受药物洗脱支架（drug-eluting stents，DESs）和裸金属支架（bare-metal stents，BmSs）治疗的冠状动脉病患者中... 详细信息

背景：近来的冠状动脉内药物洗脱支架研究提示，现行的抗血小板治疗方案可能并不足以预防后期支架内血栓形成。目的：于接受药物洗脱支架（drug-eluting stents，DESs）和裸金属支架（bare-metal stents，BmSs）治疗的冠状动脉病患者中评估氯吡格雷使用与患者远期结果的关系。设计、地点及患者：于连续患者中进行观察性研究。患者于2000年1月1日至2005年7月31日在杜克心脏治疗中心（一家位于北卡罗来纳州达累姆市的三级治疗中心）接受冠状动脉内支架治疗。于6、12、24个月时进行随访，直至2006年9月7日。研究人群包括4666例最初接受BmS（n=3165）或DES（n=1501）经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的患者。对随访6和12个月没有事件（没有死亡、心肌梗死或血管重建手术）的患者进行界标分析（landmark analysis）。在这些时间点上根据支架类型以及自我报告之氯吡格雷的使用情况将患者分为4组：DES使用氯吡格雷组、DES不用氯吡格雷组、BmS使用氯吡格雷组以及BmS不用氯吡格雷组。主要观测指标：随访24个月时死亡、非致命性心肌梗死以及死亡或心肌梗死之复合终点。结果：在6个月时没有事件发生的DES组患者（637例使用、579例未使用氯吡格雷）中，氯吡格雷的使用是随访24个月校正死亡率较低（使用2．0％比未使用5．3％；差异，-3．3％；95％CI，-6．3％至-0．3％；P=0．03）以及死亡或心肌梗死发生率较低（3．1％比7．2％；差异，-4．1％；95％CI，-7．6％至-0．6％；P=0．02）的显著预测指标。然而，在BmS组患者中（417例使用、1976例未用氯吡格雷），死亡（3．7％比4．5％；差异，-0．7％；95％CI，-2．9％至1．4％；P=0．50）以及死亡或心肌梗死发生率（5．5％比6．0％；差异，-0．5％；95％CI，-3．2％至2．2％；P：0．70）没有差异。在12个月随访没有事件发生的DES组患者（252例使用、276例未用氯吡格雷）中，氯吡格雷的使用依然可以预测24个月死亡（0％比3．5％；差异，-3．5％；95％CI，-5．9％至-1．1％；P=0．004）以及死亡或心肌梗死发生率（0％比4．5％；差异，-4．5％；95％CI，-7．1％至-1．9％；P〈0．001）较低。然而，在BmS组患者中（346例使用、1644例未用氯吡格雷），在死亡（3．3％比2．7％；差异，0．6％；95％CI，1．5％至2．8％；P=0．57）以及死亡或心肌梗死（4．7％比3．6％；差异，1．0％；95％CI，-1．6％至3．6％；P=0．44）发生方面，依然没有差异。结论：在接受DES治疗的患者中，延长氯吡格雷的使用可以使死亡以及死亡或心肌梗死的发生率下降。然而，使用氯吡格雷的适宜期限只能通过大型临床随机试验确定。

关键词：药物洗脱支架氯吡格雷临床结果经皮冠状动脉介入治疗植入后冠状动脉内心肌梗死支架内血栓形成

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Subjective Well-Being model for Urban mexico and Applications

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Economics World 2020年第2期8卷 37-50页

作者： Rafael G.Reyes-morales Alicia Sylvia Gijón-Cruz Verónica judith Yescas-martínez Gloria G.Lambarria Gopar Joel Hernández Ruiz Tecnológico Nacional de méxico/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca State of OaxacaMexico Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca State of OaxacaMexico Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca Oaxaca StateMexico

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the analysis of subjective well-being in the cities of mexico through the theoretical formalization and empirical verification of a quantitative *** variables come from the constructs of the self-reported well-being module(BIARE);and they are called:overall satisfaction with life,sense of fullness,affect balance,and satisfaction *** equations were constructed using ordinary least squares regression with the BIARE databases of 2014 and *** analysis of the behavior pattern of variables conduced to findings of urban society’s expectations of well-being and concerns in the period *** quality of life-and-self-realization and overall satisfaction with life have the greatest weight in the model ***,it was determined that emotional balance and citizen security condition the ***,a relevant finding was that religion restricts the sense of fulness since it represents a well-being project with an opposite logic.

关键词： sense of fullness religion quality of life-and-self-realization overall life satisfaction citizen security

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花拉阁,新加坡

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城市建筑 2010年第10期 118-121页

作者： Edward Calver Bianca Cheung Dominiki Dadatsi Loreto Flores Helen Lee Hee Seung Lee Jeonghoon Lee Feng Lin Jee Seon Lim Ludovico Lombardi Clara martins Kutbuddin Nadiadi Hoda Nobakhti Annarita Papeschi Line Rahbek Hala Sheikh Zhong Tian evil Yazici Effie Kuan Sandra Riess Eleni Pavlidou Federico Dunkelberg Evan Erlebacher Gorka Blas Bozana Komljenovic Sophie Le Bienvenu Kelly Lee Jose m.monfa Selahattin Tuysuz TaKang Hsu Emily Chang judith Wahle Zaha Hadid Architects Zaha Hadid with Patrik Schumacher GROSSmAX Edinburgh Engineering Acviron/Singapore

建筑基址花拉阁基址地处新加坡住宅区的关键地段,毗邻荷兰路(Holland Road)及未来规划中的mRT车站,与交通干道花拉路(Farrer Rd.)直接连通,基址周边无高层建筑。如此优越的地理及交通条件使该项目广受全城民众的关注。

关键词：基址规划长远计划新加坡直接连通花拉交通干道高层建筑

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Renal impairment and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction early post-myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2010年第1期2卷 13-18页

作者： Vinod Jorapur Gervasio A Lamas Zygmunt P Sadowski Harmony R Reynolds Antonio C Carvalho Christopher E Buller James m Rankin Jean Renkin Philippe Gabriel Steg Harvey D White Carlos Vozzi Eduardo Balcells michael Ragosta C Edwin martin Vankeepuram S Srinivas William W Wharton III Staci Abramsky Ana C mon Shari S Kronsberg judith S Hochman Columbia University Division of Cardiology Mount Sinai Medical Center II Ischemic Heart Disease Department National Institute of Cardiology Leon Charney Division of Cardiology New York University School of Medicine Cardiology Division-Hospital Sao Paulo Federal University of Sao Paulo Division of Cardiology University of British Columbia Department of Cardiovascular medicine Royal Perth Hospital Department of Cardiology UCL St Luc University Hospital INSERm U-698 Department of CardiologyHopital Bichat Cardiology Department Green Lane Cardiovascular ServiceAuckland City Hospital Interventional Cardiology Instituto de Intervenciones Cardiovasculares S.A. Cardiovascular Associates Wellmont Holston Valley Medical Center Cardiovascular Division University of Virginia Department of medicine-Division of Cardiology York Hospital Division of Cardiology Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine Research Department Asheville Cardiology AssociatesP.A. maryland medical Research Institute

AIm:To study if impaired renal function is associated with increased risk of peri-infarct heart failure (HF) in patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF).mETHODS:Patients with occluded infarct-related arteries (IRAs) between 1 to 28 d after myocardial infarction (mI) were grouped into chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Rates of early post-mI HF were compared among eGFR *** regression was used to explore independent predictors of ***:Reduced eGFR was present in 71.1% of 2160 patients,with significant renal impairment (eGFR mL/min every 1.73 m2) in 14.8%.The prevalence of HF was higher with worsening renal function:15.5%,17.8% and 29.4% in patients with CKD stages 1,2 and 3 or 4,respectively (P mall absolute difference in mean EF across eGFR groups:48.2 ± 10.0,47.9 ± 11.3 and 46.2 ± 12.1,respectively (P=0.02).The prevalence of HF was again higher with worsening renal function among patients with preserved EF:10.1%,13.6% and 23.6% (P mong patients with depressed EF:27.1%,26.2% and 37.9% (P= 0.071).moreover,eGFR was an independent correlate of HF in patients with preserved EF (P=0.003) but not in patients with depressed EF (P=0.181).CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of post-mI patients with occluded IRAs have impaired renal *** renal function was associated with an increased rate of early post-mI HF,the association being strongest in patients with preserved *** findings have implications for management of peri-infarct HF.

关键词： Heart failure myocardial infarction Kidney disease

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mexican Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic myeloid Leukaemia

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第3期4卷 747-764页

作者： Eduardo Cervera Federico Godínez Rosa Sosa Ramón Rivas Carlos Best Juan Hernández Adrián morales Hugo Zurita Ivette Carrasco Jorge Cruz álvaro Aguayo José Espinoza Juan Labardini Luis Valero judith Cruz Diana Arcos Diego Limón Omar López-Navarro Daniela Gordillo-Bastidas myrna Candelaria Francisco Torres Juan Kassack Oscar de Jesús Pérez Ramírez Jorge Aquino Guillermo Díaz mariela Cardiel margarita Rodríguez Patricia montoya Juan Contreras maría Chávez Sandra Chávez David Gómez Olga Cantú Jorge Duque Luis Pita Eduardo Lobato Julio López Antonio López Pedro González Jorge Cortés Haematology and Oncology Department National Institute of Medical and Nutrition Sciences “Dr. Salvador Zubirán” Mexico City Mexico Haematology Deparment from Hospital Juárez Mexico City Mexico Haematology Department Blood Bank and Unit of Aphaeresis General Hospital of Culiacán Health Ministry Culiacán Mexico Haematology Department Bone Marrow Transplant and Blood Bank from Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Dr. Juan Graham Casassus” Villahermosa Mexico Haematology Department Cancerology National Institute (INCan) Mexico City Mexico Haematology Department Cancerology National Institute (INCan) Mexico City Mexico 2Internal medicine Haematology Hospital ISSSTECALI Tijuana Mexico Haematology Department Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo Health Ministry Aguascalientes Mexico Haematology Department General Hospital of Sonora State Sonora Mexico Haematology Department Hospital Universitario UANL Monterrey Mexico Haematology Haematology Service Hospital General Regional SSG León Mexico Haematology Head of Haematology Service School of Medicine Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí Mexico Haematology Hospital “Aranda de la Parra” León Mexico Haematology Hospital General de Especialidades Campeche Mexico Haematology Hospital General de México Mexico City Mexico Haematology Hospital General de Occidente SSA Guadalajara Mexico Haematology Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca Oaxaca Mexico Haematology Mérida Clinic Yucatán Mexico Haematology Oncology Unit SSEP Puebla Mexico Hospital Betania Puebla Mexico Hospital of the Poblano Child Puebla Mexico Internal medicine Haematology Hospital ISSSTECALI Tijuana Mexico Leukaemias Clinic at ISSEmym Toluca Mexico Leukemia Department MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Mexico Los mochis General Hospital Sinaloa Mexico Renaissance Clinic Morelia Mexico State Council for AIDS Prevention and Control Chihuahua Mexico Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Mérida Mexico

Background: This document includes recommendations and guidelines issued by a group of mexican researchers and specialists gathered in the First National Colloquium for the Diagnosis and management of Chronic myeloid Leukaemia (CmL) by initiative of Instituto Nacional de Cancerología and with the support of the Leukaemia Department of the mD Anderson Cancer Center. mexico lacks of updated information taken from its own reality on the diagnosis and treatment of CmL and other haematological disorders;besides, there are no national guidelines. Aim: To publish a consensus document with guidelines for the management of CmL adjusted to the national environment and overall characteristics. method: The participants answered a DELPHI questionnaire about the overall aspects of the disease, aiming to target controversial topics, discuss them in the colloquium, and to agree on the best ones. After those meetings, a final document was drawn up. Results: The group presents recommendations for definition, diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring, and treatment of CmL in mexico. Conclusions: Having consensus guidelines for the clinical management of CmL in our country will enable the consensual practice of mexican specialists regarding the clinical approach to CmL, as well as optimize the resources which allow the rational planning of the medical care strategies.

关键词： Chronic myeloid Leukaemia management Guidelines Diagnosis Treatment.

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Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2128-2139页

作者： Alberto Pérez-Gómez Joana Vitallé Carmen Gasca-Capote Alicia Gutierrez-Valencia maría Trujillo-Rodriguez Ana Serna-Gallego Esperanza muñoz-muela maría de los Reyes Jiménez-Leon mohamed Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia Inmaculada Rivas-Jeremias Cesar Sotomayor Cristina Roca-Oporto Nuria Espinosa Carmen Infante-Domínguez Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Alberto Fernández-Villar Alexandre Pérez-González Luis Fernando López-Cortés Eva Poveda Ezequiel Ruiz-mateos Josémiguel Cisneros Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre judith Berastegui-Cabrera Pedro Camacho-martínez Carmen Infante-Domínguez marta Carretero-Ledesma Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Eduardo márquez Josémanuel Lomas Claudio Bueno Rosario Amaya JoséAntonio Lepe Jerónimo Pachón Elisa Cordero Javier Sánchez-Céspedes manuela Aguilar-Guisado Almudena Aguilera Clara Aguilera Teresa Aldabo-Pallas Verónica Alfaro-Lara Cristina Amodeo Javier Ampuero maría Dolores Avilés maribel Asensio Bosco Barón-Franco Lydia Barrera-Pulido Rafael Bellido-Alba máximo Bernabeu-Wittel Candela Caballero-Eraso macarena Cabrera Enrique Calderón Jesús Carbajal-Guerrero manuela Cid-Cumplido Yael Corcia-Palomo Juan Delgado Antonio Domínguez-Petit Alejandro Deniz Reginal Dusseck-Brutus Ana Escoresca-Ortega Fátima Espinosa Nuria Espinosa michelle Espinoza Carmen Ferrándiz-millón marta Ferrer Teresa Ferrer Ignacio Gallego-Texeira Rosa Gámez-mancera Emilio García Horacio García-Delgado manuel García-Gutiérrez maría Luisa Gascón-Castillo Aurora González-Estrada Demetrio González Carmen Gómez-González Rocío González-León Carmen Grande-Cabrerizo Sonia Gutiérrez Carlos Hernández-Quiles Inmaculada Concepción Herrera-melero marta Herrero-Romero Luis Jara Carlos Jiménez-Juan Silvia Jiménez-Jorge mercedes Jiménez-Sánchez Julia Lanseros-Tenllado Carmina López Isabel López Álvaro López-Barrios Luis F.López-Cortés Rafael Luque-márquez Daniel macías-García Guillermo martín-Gutiérrez Luis martín-Villén Josémolina Aurora morillo maría Dolores Navarro-Amuedo Dolores Nieto-martín Francisco Ortega maría Paniagua-García Amelia Peña-Rodríguez E Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases Microbiology and Preventive MedicineInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville(IBiS)Virgen del Rocío University HospitalCSICUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of medical Biochemistry Molecular Biologyand ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain Pneumology Service Galicia Sur Health Research Instituto(IIS Galicia Sur)SERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Infectious Diseases Unit Department of Internal MedicineComplexo HospitalarioUniversitario de VigoIIS Galicia SurSERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Group of Virology and Pathogenesis Galicia Sur Health Research Institute(IIS Galicia Sur)-Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de VigoSERGAS-UVigoVigoSpain Unit of Infectious Diseases Microbiologyand Preventive MedicineVirgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Institute of Biomedicine of Seville(IBiS) Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of SevilleSevilleSpain medico-Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Unit of Emergencies Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Intensive Care Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Department of medicine University of SevilleSevilleSpain Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Rheumatology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Internal medicine Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Digestive and Hepatobiliary Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Urology and Nephrology Unit Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain Unit of Clinical Investigation and Clinical Trials Virgen del Rocío University HospitalSevilleSpain

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity *** cells(DCs)play a key role in the defense against viral infections,for instance plasmacytoid DCs(pDCs),have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha(IFN-α).In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-αproduction,which has been associated with disease *** this work,we described that in addition to the DC deficiency,several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients,which were associated with multiple inflammatory ***,previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 ***,the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients,while no restoration of integrinβ7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase(IDO)levels were *** findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Dendritic cell Long-COVID

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影响卒中死亡率下降的因素美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的科学声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第5期22卷 325-364页

作者： Daniel T.Lackland Edward J.Roccella Anne F.Deutsch myriam Fornage mary G.George George Howard Brett m.Kissela Steven J.Kittner judith H.Lichtman Lynda D. Lisabeth Lee H. Schwamm Eric E. Smith 高一鹭陈政弘王文志不详首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院北京市神经外科研究所北京100050

背景和目的美国的卒中死亡率自20世纪初以来一直呈下降趋势,尽管这种“下降”很受欢迎,但其原因尚不完全清楚.由于近年来卒中死亡率呈现出更为显著的加速下降趋势,卒中已从美国的第3位死亡原因下降至第4位.这促使人们对影响卒中发病风... 详细信息

背景和目的美国的卒中死亡率自20世纪初以来一直呈下降趋势,尽管这种“下降”很受欢迎,但其原因尚不完全清楚.由于近年来卒中死亡率呈现出更为显著的加速下降趋势,卒中已从美国的第3位死亡原因下降至第4位.这促使人们对影响卒中发病风险和死亡率变化的相关因素进行详细评估.这份声明对有关卒中死亡率下降趋势的促进因素的研究证据进行回顾,并讨论了将来如何利用这些因素在卒中这一重大公共卫生问题的干预研究中发挥作用.方法写作组成员由委员会主席和副主席根据其以前在相关领域的研究成果提名,并通过美国心脏协会（American Heart Association,AHA）卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和美国心脏协会手稿监督委员会批准.作者利用系统文献综述,参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见,对相关证据进行总结并指出与当前知识水平的差距.所有写作组成员均有机会评论这份声明并批准其最终版本.这份声明经过AHA内部的广泛同行评议以及卒中委员会领导阶层和科学声明监督委员会的审查,然后获得AHA科学顾问与协调委员会的批准.结果过去数十年间,在不同性别、所有种族/民族以及各个年龄组人群中都观察到卒中死亡率的下降,这体现出人群健康的重大进展.除了卒中对于总体寿命损失的影响减少外,在65岁以下人群中观察到的卒中死亡率显著下降体现了其所致潜在寿命损失年的减少.卒中死亡率的下降要归功于卒中发病率和病死率的降低.这些卒中转归的显著改善与心血管危险因素的控制和干预相一致.虽然很难计算出具体的归因危险度估计值,但始于20世纪70年代的血压控制措施似乎已对卒中死亡率的加速下降产生了最实质性的影响.尽管实施较晚,但糖尿病和血脂异常控制以及戒烟计划,特别是联合降压治疗,似乎同样促进了卒中死亡率的下降.远程医疗和卒中医疗体系也似乎具有强烈的潜在作用,但尚需足够长的时间来证明其对卒中死亡率下降的影响.其他因素也可能产生影响,但需要更多的研究来确定它们的作用.结论卒中死亡率的下降是真实存在的,代表着公共卫生以及临床医学的巨大成功.卒中从第3位死亡原因下降至第4位是死亡率真实下降的结果,而并非由于慢性肺病死亡率上升所致,后者是目前在美国是第3位的死亡原因.有强烈的证据表明,卒中死亡率的下降可归功于以科学发现为基础、旨在降低卒中风险而执行的联合干预措施和项目,其中最有可能的是对高血压控制的改善.因此,对正在开展的干预项目进行的研究及其成果的应用已改善了人群健康.对一些积极的循证公共卫生项目以及临床干预措施的持续应用预期会进一步降低卒中死亡率.

关键词： AHA科学声明糖尿病高脂血症高血压危险因素卒中

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综合性卒中中心医疗质量的度量标准：对脑卒中联盟综合性卒中中心推荐意见的详细随访美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2011年第3期19卷 169-194页

作者：何晟(译) 蔡可夫(译) 张元媛(译) 胡旻婧(译) 倪耀辉(译) 芮瑛(译) 柯开富(译) Dana Leifer Dawn m. Bravata J.J. (Buddy) Connors Ⅲ judith A. Hinchey Edward C. Jauch S. Claibome Johnston Richard Latchaw William kikosky Christopher Ogilvy Adrian I. Qureshi Debbie Summers Gene Y. Sung Linda S. Williams Richard Zorowitz 南通大学附属医院神经内科 226001 代表美国心脏协会卒中委员会特别写作组、周围动脉粥样硬化性疾病工作组、心血管外科和麻醉委员会以及心血管护理委员会

背景卒中是一种主要的残疾和死亡原因。脑卒巾联盟提议，建立初级卒中中心（primary stroke center，PSC）和综合性卒中中心（comprehensive stroke center，csc）以分别为需要基本或高级下预的卒中患者提供适当的医疗服务。从2003年开... 详细信息

背景卒中是一种主要的残疾和死亡原因。脑卒巾联盟提议，建立初级卒中中心（primary stroke center，PSC）和综合性卒中中心（comprehensive stroke center，csc）以分别为需要基本或高级下预的卒中患者提供适当的医疗服务。从2003年开始，美国医疗卫生机构认证联合委员会和各州已指定了一些PSC，目前正在考虑CSC的指定工作。为了推进该过程，我们提出了一套CSC应追踪监测医疗质量并促进质量改进的标准和相关数据。方法和结果我们分析了现有指南、综述和其他文献，以识别区分CSC与PSC的主要特征；起草了一套标准和相关数据元素，以评价这些卒中医疗方面的关键部分；然后通过反复修改达成共识。我们提出的这套标准和相关数据元素，涵盖了CSC内缺血性脯血管病、非外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血和腩出血患者专、№医疗的主要方面。结论我们提出这套标准，旨在为CSC的标准化数据采集提供一个框架，以促进当地医疗质量改进，并允许对来自不同CSC的数据进行合并分析。这将有助于将来CSC国家执行标准的制定。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明脑血管病脑出血缺血性卒中医疗卫生系统患者医疗大学医疗中心

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欧洲中央银行（ECB）

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城市环境设计 2020年第4期 162-173页

作者：沃尔夫·狄·普瑞克斯 magdalena Baczkowska markus Baumann michael Beckert Johannes Behrens Hilde Benda marcelo Bernardi Nico Boyer Jan Brosch Timo Carl Anna Rita Cedroni Jasmin Dieterle Sabrina Dlugosch Jan Ruben Fischer Brigitte Fuchs Sergio Gonzales Gesine G?rlich martin Gruber Guthu Hallstein Sebastian Haffner Simone Hainz Sascha Hempel Rob Henderson Emanuele Iacono martin Jelinek Rashmi Krishna Jois Ivana Jug Frank Pascal Kaul matt Kirkham Daniela Kr?hnert Bernward Krone Christian Labud Anke Lammert monika Lyzyczka Steven m Christian maeder Dimitra mamou Ariane marx Christoph maurer matthias Niemeyer martin Oberascher Ross Olson Renate Ott Gerhard Pfeiler Ellen Pietrzyk James Pike Robert Pippan Jakob Przybylo Anna Ptaszynska Stephanie Rathgeber Carmen Renz Salome Reves Donna Riedel Akvile Rimantaite Pete Rose Penelope Rüttimann Stefan Rutzinger Oliver Sachse Kristina Schinegger Benjamin Schmidt marita Schnepper Thomas Siegl Ebru Simsek-Lenk Denise Sokolowski Augustin Solorzano Anja Sorger Andrea St?llenwerk Ernst Stockinger Crystal K.H Tang Jürgen Tiltmann markus Tritthart Josef Tr?ster Günther Weber Andreas Weissenbach Clemens Werb judith Werkh?user markus Wings Eva Wolf Barbara Zeleny Thomas Zengger Zeyneb Badur Fabien Barthelemey Oliver Cassik Alejandro Corena Alexander Daxb?ck mario Dign?ss Helmut Fr?tscher Annegret Haider Christian Halm Gregor Kassl Gernot K?fer Alexander Laber Anita Lischka Rangel malinov Oliver martinz Philipp munz Barbara Roller Nicole Rumpler Wolfgang Ruthensteiner Stefan Salchinger Stefan Schadenb?ck Thomas Schwed Hannes Schwed Eckart Schwerdtfeger Sylvia Spernbauer Christoph Treberspurg Johannes Weigl Paul Raftery European Central Bank/Robertmetsch markus Pillhofer

项目大事记/CHRONOLOGY竞赛/Competition:第一阶段/Phase 1:2003;第二阶段/Phase 2:2003-2004;修改阶段/Revision Phase:2004;优化阶段/Optimization Phase:2005规划设计起始时间/Start of Planning:2005前期工程/Preliminary Site Works:2008主体施工/main Construction Works:2010竣工/Completion:2014项目参数/PROJECT DATA用地面积/Site Area:120 000m2建筑毛面积/Gross Floor Area:185 000m2

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