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The Impact of Early Marriage and Low Level of Education on Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cultural and Religious Studies 2017年第7期5卷 414-427页

作者： jude uwaoma nwachukwu Columbia University New York USA

This study tracks the impact of early marriage and low level of education on agricultural development in SSA. Pitching itself within two Nigerian agrarian communities： The study worked with 50 randomly selected farming households from each site. Data was collected through in-depth one-on-one and follow-up interviews, questionnaires, and direct observation. Extensive multivariate and descriptive statistical analysis, tables and charts were used for data interpretation. Combining data-sets from the two sites and between families the study found that early marriage inhibits farmers＇ chances for education which in turn compounds their situation; those who married early with little or no education tend to have large families and suffer higher poverty incidence; children from such families often repeat the same cycles and so trapped in poverty; farmers who did not fall into this twin situation fared far much better on all counts in addition to exhibiting higher motivation to better their social capital and family socioeconomics; those in the first group are discouraged especially by the responsibility of fending for their many children. The study concludes that these two factors stand in the way to realizing the MDGs among SSA rural farmers; accordingly, some policy recommendations are put forward to address the situation.

关键词： early marriage education poverty MDGs

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Technology Adoption and Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa （SSA）： A Nigerian Case Study

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2017年第6期5卷 371-385页

作者： jude uwaoma nwachukwu Columbia University New York USA

This study examines the impact of technology adoption on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using Ukum rural community, Benue State, Nigeria, as case study site which significantly represents other Nigerian-SSA farming communities, the study tracks the impact of farmers＇ adoption or non-adoption of improved technology on food security vis-a-vis factors shaping their choices. It aims to make the case that adoption boosts productivity and improves food security among others. Filly farmer-participants were randomly selected using participant observation, structured interviews, questionnaires and photographing for data collection. Applying descriptive statistics including frequencies, tables, charts and percentages, field data were analyzed. Study findings strongly suggest that the main factors significantly affecting adoption of technology include cultural values, institutionalized land tenures, cropland size, poverty, literacy level, technology complexity, agricultural extension services, age and sex. Results suggest significant correlation between literacy level, economic power and technology adoption： younger, more educated farmers with higher economic status tend to adopt new technologies; farmers with access to agricultural extension services and credit facilities were more inclined to adopting new technologies; women were found more disadvantaged in the male-centered, exclusionary land tenure practice. Consequently, the study recommends sustained public sector interventions aiming to reduce food insecurity in the region.

关键词： technology education food security culture

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