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热浪在美国树木较少的城市导致更多的疾病与死亡

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中国科技教育 2024年第6期 68-68页

作者：裘德·科尔曼王麒(译) 不详

在美国,主要以白人居民为主的城镇社区其树木的保有量往往比那些主要以有色人种居民为主的社区要多。现在,一项最新的分析将此种不平等与因炎热导致疾病及死亡的差异联系到一起,研究人员于4月8日出版的“自然合作期刊”《城市可持续性》... 详细信息

在美国,主要以白人居民为主的城镇社区其树木的保有量往往比那些主要以有色人种居民为主的社区要多。现在,一项最新的分析将此种不平等与因炎热导致疾病及死亡的差异联系到一起,研究人员于4月8日出版的“自然合作期刊”《城市可持续性》(Urban Sustainability)上就此作了报道。来自于自然管理委员会的城镇生态学家罗伯·麦克唐纳(Rob McDonald)及其同事发现,以有色居民为主的社区,其树木覆盖率比白人为主的社区平均要少11个百分点,夏季气温约高0.2℃。在这些社区中,树木已经防止了442例超额死亡及每年约85000次的医生就诊。而在以白人为主的社区,树木拯救了大约200多条生命,避免了30000多次医生就诊。

关键词：麦克唐纳夏季气温城镇社区有色人种疾病与死亡城市可持续性树木覆盖率

Characterizing Property of States: Effect of Defects on the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and the Specific Heat Capacity of ZrB<sub>2</sub>

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New Journal of Glass and Ceramics 2020年第2期10卷 15-27页

作者： jude O. Ighere P. Alex Greaney School of Mechanical Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA

Thermal storage potential and thermal expansion are characteristic properties for extreme applications. ZrB2 is a candidate for advanced applications in aircraft and fusion reactors. This article presents density functional theory calculations of its states, microstructure and quasi-harmonic levels calculations of thermophysical properties. Band structure highlighted dynamical instability with metallic impurities in ZrB2 structure based on frequency modes. The observed projected density of states (PDOS) appropriate 4d orbital of Zr dominated at low frequency both in perfect crystal in the presence or absence of covalent impurities while B 2s and 2p orbitals dominate higher frequency states. Temperature dependency and anisotropy of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) were evaluated with various impurities. Various thermodynamic properties like entropy and free energy were explored for degrees of freedom resulting from internal energy changes in the material. Computed results for heat capacity and CTE were compared to available numerical and experimental data.

关键词： Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Thermal Expansion Defects Molecular Dynamics Specific Heat Capacity

Identification of Soil Management Factors from Spatially Variable Soil Properties of Coastal Plain Sands in Southeastern Nigeria

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2011年第2期1卷 25-39页

作者： jude C. Obi Bassey T. Udoh 不详

Variability in soil properties is a critical element across wide areas of researches especially in several aspects of agriculture and environment including sewage disposal and global climate change. Particle size fraction (sand, silt, and clay), effective cation exchange capacity, base saturation, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon nitrogen ratio, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium) and acidity are frequently used in agriculture for soil management. The objective of this study therefore was to identify soil management factors from these set of 15 soil properties and spatial distribution of representative soil management properties. The study was carried out in the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm measuring 8.19 hectares in University of Uyo Annex, Uyo in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. Nine and ten traverses were made horizontally and vertically respectively at 40 meters intervals. A total of 58 soil samples were collected at 0 - 15 cm depth on the grid nodes of the traverses. Particle size distributions, exchangeable bases and acidity, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), available phosphorus (avail. P), base saturation (BS), organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbon nitrogen ratio (CNR) and pH of the samples were determined in the laboratory. Coefficient of variation indicated that 26.6% of the soil properties (sand content, pH, CNR and sodium) were least variable, 40.1% comprising silt, clay contents, ECEC, base saturation, phosphorus and magnesium were moderately. Whereas 33.3% of the soil properties comprising clay content, organic carbon, total nitrogen, exchangeable Ca, K and acidity (i.e.) were highly variable. There were significant correlation (p < 0.05) in 26.6% of the soil properties, the strongest negative significant (p < 0.01) correlations were between sand and clay (r = –0.85), exchangeable acidity and base saturation (r = –0.85), whereas the strongest positive significant correlations w

关键词： Spatial Variability Factor Analysis Pedogenesis Precision Agriculture

Controlled-Release Analysis of Potassium Permanganate Using PMMA Matrix

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第6期2卷 539-544页

作者： jude O. Ighere Ramesh C. Chawla Chemical Engineering Department Howard University Washington DC USA

Excess amount of potassium permanganate has often been used in-situ for chemical oxidation of contaminated sites. The consequences are not limited to secondary contamination and cost but also inefficient remediation. Encapsulation of permanganate using PMMA enables controlled dissolution of the oxidant and aids long-term processes. This paper focuses on the oxidant release efficiency from polymer matrix and analysis of data using existing models for glassy polymers. The efficiency profile obtained using mass ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1 of PMMA to KMnO4 showed a decrease in the extent of release with increasing mass ratio with 79%, 55.35% and 33.59% respectively. Patches were noticed on the surfaces of PMMA after the release of KMnO4, these were attributed to crevices created by the non-fickian diffusion of the oxidant.

关键词： PMMA Controlled-Release Permanganate Analysis Encapsulation

Determination of the Antioxidant Potentials of Two Different Varieties of Banana Peels in Two Different Solvents

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第13期7卷 1253-1261页

作者： jude Awele Okolie Olamide Emmanuel Henry Emmanuel Ikedinachi Epelle Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Plateau State Nigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Minna Nigeria

Fruit wastes which are perishable pose a big problem to pollution monitoring agencies;however these problems can be reduced by utilizing the high value compounds present in the food waste. Banana peels contain a reasonable number of antioxidant compounds such as gallocatechin and dopamine. This paper investigates the anti-oxidant potential of two different varieties of Banana peels (Dwarf cavandish and Musa omini). The peels were extracted with two different solvents (Methanol and Ethanol) using the soxhlet extractor. The results show that ethanolic extracts have higher phenolics and flavonoid contents (336.83 - 383.83 mgGAE/100g, 242.83 - 252.82 mgRutin/100g) compared to the methanolic extracts of the same banana varieties (299.42 - 344 mgGAE/100g, 240.77 - 241.23 mgRutin/100g). However methanolic extracts exhibit higher DPPH Antioxidants Activity (30.82% - 51.66%) compared to ethanolic extracts (25.44% - 30.27%). This implies that antioxidative compounds other than phenolics and flavonoids were also involved in inhibiting the DPPH Radicals. It was also observed that at any concentration between 0.5 - 2.5 mg, ethanol extracts of both dwarf cavandish and musa omini had higher reducing power than the other two varieties.

关键词： Antioxidants Banana Peels Phenolics Extracts Fruit Waste

Vision-Based On-Road Nighttime Vehicle Detection and Tracking Using Taillight and Headlight Features

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2021年第3期9卷 29-53页

作者： Shahnaj Parvin Liton jude Rozario Md. Ezharul Islam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh

An important and challenging aspect of developing an intelligent transportation system is the identification of nighttime vehicles. Most accidents occur at night owing to the absence of night lighting conditions. Vehicle detection has become a vital subject for research to ensure safety and avoid accidents. New vision-based on-road nighttime vehicle detection and tracking system are suggested in this survey paper using taillight and headlight features. Using computer vision and some image processing techniques, the proposed system can identify vehicles based on taillight and headlight features. For vehicle tracking, a centroid tracking algorithm has been used. Euclidean Distance method has been used for measuring the distances between two neighboring objects and tracks the nearest neighbor. In the proposed system two flexible fixed Region of Interest (ROI) have been used, one is the Headlight ROI, and another is the Taillight ROI that could adapt to different resolutions of the images and videos. The achievement of this research work is that the proposed two ROIs can work simultaneously in a frame to identify oncoming and preceding vehicles at night. The segmentation techniques and double thresholding method have been used to extract the red and white components from the scene to identify the vehicle headlights and taillights. To evaluate the capability of the proposed process, two types of datasets have been used. Experimental findings indicate that the performance of the proposed technique is reliable and effective in distinct nighttime environments for detection and tracking of vehicles. The proposed method has been able to detect and track double lights as well as single light such as motorcycle light and achieved average accuracy and average processing time of vehicle detection about 97.22% and 0.01 s per frame respectively.

关键词： Vehicle Detection Double Threshold Nighttime Headlight Taillight Vehicle Tracking

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上帝的调色盘萌翻了整个宇宙

Modeling of Soil Movement by Tillage

作者： (美)Stewart jude·斯图尔特

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Modeling of Soil Movement by Tillage

Good Arbitration Practice: A Guide to the Abu Dhabi Global Market Arbitration Centre（ADGMAC） Arbitration Guidelines

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作者： jude Liu David A. Lobb Ph.D Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R3T 2N2 Ph.D. Associate Professor Department of Soil Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R3T 2N2.

＜正＞ The process of tillage tool-soil-crop residue interaction was described based on the video recorded in a soil bin and a field experiment using a 325-mm-wide sweep. Then, a three-dimensional model was developed to predict the soil displacement by the sweep. Soil displacement by tillage tool was simplified into three components: forced, projectile, and rolling displacement. The model was verified

关键词： Tillage Soil Movement Model

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Good Arbitration Practice: A Guide to the Abu Dhabi Global M...