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Conversion of Natural Ecosystems to Cropland Increases the Soil Net Nitrogen Mineralization and Nitrification in Tibet

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 699-706页

作者： YANG Li-Lin ZHANG Fu-Suo MAO Ren-Zhao ju Xiao-Tang Cai Xiao-Bu LU Ya-Hai College of Resources and Environmental sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 （China） Center for Agricultural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 （China） College of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Tibet University Linzhi 860000 （China）

A comparative study was conducted to determine the NH4+ and NO3- concentrations in soil profiles and to examine the net nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification in adjacent forest, grassland, and cropland soils on the Tibetan Plateau. Cropland soil showed significantly higher inorganic N concentrations in soil profiles compared with forest and grassland soils. NO3- -N accounted for 70%–90% of inorganic N in cropland soil, while NH4+ -N was the main form of inorganic N in forest and grassland soils. The average net N mineralization rate at 0–2. cm depth was approximately twice in cropland soil (1.48 mg kg-1.d-1. as high as in forest (0.83 mg kg-1.d-1. or grassland soil (0.72.mg kg-1.d-1.. Cropland showed strong net nitrification, with the net rate almost equal to the total net N mineralization. Urea addition stimulated soil respiration, particularly in forest soil. Most urea-N, however, remained as NH4+ in forest and grassland soils, while NO3- was the main form of inorganic N to increase in cropland soil. Higher rates of net nitrification in cropland soils suggest that land use change on the Tibetan Plateau may lead to high N losses through nitrate leaching.

关键词： land use change microbial biomass nitrification nitrogen mineralization

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苜蓿根际土壤化感潜力的初步研究

土壤通报 2004年第6期35卷 776-779页

作者：李玉占梁文举姜勇中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

通过盆栽试验和发芽实验初步研究了4个生长年限(处理)的苜蓿地土壤化感作用强弱,其抑制活性强弱依次为:三年生苜蓿地>二年生苜蓿地>一年生苜蓿地>休闲地;在相同处理条件下,苜蓿对其他作物的化感作用强于其自毒效应。在一定年限内,苜蓿... 详细信息

通过盆栽试验和发芽实验初步研究了4个生长年限(处理)的苜蓿地土壤化感作用强弱,其抑制活性强弱依次为:三年生苜蓿地>二年生苜蓿地>一年生苜蓿地>休闲地;在相同处理条件下,苜蓿对其他作物的化感作用强于其自毒效应。在一定年限内,苜蓿化感物质通过根系分泌、残茬分解和地上部分淋溶等途径进入土壤中,呈现出逐年富集的趋势。

关键词：苜蓿根际土壤化感潜力生物测定化感物质

Cloning of two plastid division ftsZ genes from Nicotiana tabacum and their expression in E. coli

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第12期12卷 31-36页

作者： WANG Dong KONG Dongdong HU Yong ju Chuanli HE Yikun and SUN Jingsan(1. Department of Biology, Capital Normal University,{1.,{1. 2. Institute of Botany, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 1.0093,{1. 3. College of Life sciences, beijing Normal University, beijing 1.0875,{1.) Department of Biology，Capital Normal University，beijing {1.，{2. College of Life sciences，{1. Normal University，{1. 1.0875，china Department of Biology，Capital Normal University，beijing {1.，{2. Institute of Botany，chinese Academy of {1.，{2. 1.0093，china Department of Biology，Capital Normal University，beijing {1.，{2. Institute of Botany，chinese Academy of {1.，{2. 1.0093，china

Two cDNAs of plastid division gene NtFtsZ1.1.and NtFtsZl-2.are isolated from Nicotiana tabacum by RT-PCR and rapid amplification cDNA ends (RACE) method. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences encoded by NtFtsZl-1.and NtFtsZl -2.indicate that these two proteins possess the typical conservative motifs and GTP binding sites existing in all FtsZ proteins. The existence of putative plastid transit peptide in their N-terminal suggests that there are at least two transit-peptide containing FtsZ proteins in higher plants. Phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid sequences of FtsZ proteins also supports this interference. These two NtFtsZ genes demonstrate a similar expression pattern during the plant development detected by Northern blot. Expression of NtFtsZl-1.and NtFtsZl-2.in E. coli interrupts the normal division process of host cells. These results suggest the diverse functions of FtsZ proteins in higher plants.

关键词： NtFtsZ genes plastld division Nicotiana tabacum plastid transit peptide expression in E.coli.

The genetic load for hereditary hearing impairment in chinese population and its clinical implication

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Journal of Otology 2009年第2期4卷 98-105页

作者： WANG Qiu-ju 1,2. RAO Shao-qi 1, 3, GUO Yu-fen 4, LI Qing-zhong 5, ZHAO Hui 1, ZHAO Li-dong 1, YUAN Hu 1, ZONG Liang 1, LIU Qiong 1, ZHAO Ya-li 6, WANG Da-yong 1, HAN Ming-kun 1, JI Yu-bin 1, LI Jian-qiang 1, LAN Lan 1, YANG Wei-yan 1, SHEN Yan 2.6, HAN Dong-yi 1 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Institute of Otolaryngology, chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, {2., 100853 china 2.chinese National Human Genome Center, {2., 100176 china 3 Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, china 4 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, china 5 Department of Otolaryngology, EYE & ENT hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 2.0031,china 6 Institute of Basic Medical sciences, chinese Academy of Medical sciences and Peking Union Medical College, {2., 100005 china Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Institute of Otolaryngology Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China chinese National Human Genome Center Beijing 100176 China Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology School of Public Health Sun Yat–Sen University Guangzhou 510080 China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030 China Department of Otolaryngology EYE & ENT hospital of Fudan University Shanghai 200031China Institute of Basic Medical sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100005 China

Objective To understand the genetic load in the chinese population for improvement in diagnosis, prevention and rehabilitation of deafness. Methods DNA samples, immortalized cell lines as well as detailed clinical and audiometric data were collected through a national genetic resources collecting network. Two conventional genetic approaches were used in the studies. Linkage analysis in X chromosome and autosomes with microsatellite markers were performed in large families for gene mapping and positional cloning of novel genes. Candidate gene approach was used for screening the mtDNA 1.SrRNA, GJB2.and SLC2.A4 mutations in population -based samples. Results A total of 2.572.chinese hearing loss families or sporadic cases were characterized in the reported studies, including seven X-linked, one Y-linked, 2. large and multiplex autosomal dominant hearing loss families, 607 simplex autosomal recessive hereditary hearing loss families, 1.0 mitochondrial inheritance families, 1.7 GJB2.induced hearing loss cases, 2.0 cases with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) syndrome, 1.9 sporadic cases with auditory neuropathy, and 1.2.3 sporadic sensorineural hearing loss cases. Through linkage analysis or sequence analysis, two X-linked families were found transmitting two novel mutations in the POU3F4 gene, while another X -linked family was mapped onto a novel locus, nominated as AUNX1.(auditory neuropathy, X-linked locus 1.. The only Y-linked family was mapped onto the DFNY1.locus(Y-linked locus 1. DFNY1.. Eight of the 2. autosomal dominant families were linked to various autosomal loci. In population genetics studies, 2.567 familial cases and sporadic patients were subjected to mutation screening for three common hearing loss genes: mtDNA 1.S rRNA 1.55G, GJB2.and SLC2.A4. The auditory neuropathy cases in our samples were screened for OTOF gene mutations. Conclusions These data show that the chinese population has a genetic load on hereditary hearing loss. Establishing personalize

关键词： Hereditary hea ring loss linkage analysis DFNY1 AUNX1 auditory neuropathy enlarged vestibular aqueduct senserineural hearing loss genetic epidemiology

Response of Nematodes in a Hapli-Udic Argosol to Urea Amended with Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors

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Pedosphere 2006年第4期16卷 428-434页

作者： HUA Jian-Feng JIANG Yong LIANG Wen-ju Soil Ecology Laboratory Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 （China） Graduate School of the chinese Academy of {1. Beijing 100039 （China）

Effects of urea amended with urease and nitrification inhibitors on soil nematode communities were studied in a Hapli- Udic Argosol （Cambisol, FAO） in Liaoning Province of Northeast china. A completely random design with four treatments, i.e., conventional urea （CU）, slow-release urea amended with a liquid urease inhibitor （SRU1., SRU1.＋nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide （SRU2., and SRU1.＋ nitrification inhibitor 3,5-dimethylpyrazole （SRU3） and four replicates were applied. Thirty-nine genera of nematodes were identified, with Cephalobus and Aphelenchus being dominant; and in all treatments, the dominant trophic group was bacterivores. In addition, during the growth period of spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, soil urease activity was lower in SRUs than in CU. The numbers of total nematodes and bacterivores at wheat heading and ripening stages, and omnivores-predators at ripening stage were higher in SUR3 than in CU, SRU1.and SRU2.（P 〈 0.05）.

关键词： Hapli-Udic Argosol nitrification inhibitor slow-release urea soil nematodes urease inhibitor

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2000年第3期12卷 344-348页

作者： FAN Yao\|bo, WANG ju\|si, JIANG Zhao\|chun, CHEN Mei\|xue, XU Kun, JIA Zhi\|ping (Research Center for Eco-Environmental {1., {2. Academy of {1., beijing 1.0085, china) 中科院生态环境研究中心北京 1 0 0 0 85

An anaerobic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) was used for treatment of dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill. COD and color of the wastewater were 54—473 mg/L and 40—400 dilution time (DT) respectively. The ratio of BOD 5/COD was less than 0.1.. By the A/O MBR process, the average removal of COD, BOD 5, color and turbidity was 82., 96%, 71. and 99%, respectively. The average COD, BOD 5, color and turbidity of effluent was 37 mg/L, 0.8 mg/L, 40 DT and 0.44 NUT respectively. The effluent COD met the local standard of reuse water in {2.,{1.. The average COD volume load of the anaerobic biological tank was 0.0483 kgCOD/(m 3·d) and that of the aeration tank of the MBR was 0.3589 kgCOD/(m 3·d). The sludge load of the MBR was 0.1. kgCOD/(kg·MLSS·d) on average and the maximum of that was 0.4 kgCOD/(kg·MLSS·d). The flux of the A/O membrane bioreactor could be remained at larger than 50 L/(h·m 2.0.1.Pa). The results indicated that A/O membrane bioreactor has technical feasibility for treatment of woolen mill wastewater.

关键词： membrane bioreactor dyeing wastewater biological process membrane technology activated sludge

GIS-based Risk Zonation of Rainstorm Disaster in Guizhou Province

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2011年第4期2卷 60-64页

作者： CHEN Zhen-hong1. YANG Yi2. LIU Fang3, 4, WANG Xing-ju1.1. Anshun Meteorological Bureau in Guizhou Province, Anshun 561.00,{1. 2. Lingping County Meteorological Bureau in Guizhou Province, Lingping 5573001.{1. 3. Geographic Science and Resources Research Institute of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 1.01.1.{1. 4. Graduate University of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 1.0049,{1.

[Objective] This paper aimed to study the risk zoning of rainstorm in Guizhou based on GIS. [Method] Taking Guizhou as study area, 1.km×1.km grid data as evaluation unit, and by dint of daily precipitation in meteorological station in Guizhou from 1.61.to 2.08, the rainstorm risk zoning system was constructed from the aspects of disaster-stricken dangers, suffering flexibility, disaster environment sensitivity and disaster prevention or mitigation; based on the level analysis method to determine factor weight, the risk assessment model based on GIS was set up to evaluate the four sub-indicators and risks and to get the rainstorm disaster in Guizhou in the end. [Result] The risk assessment and zonation results showed a general trend that the risk level decreased from the central to all around. The low risk area distributed in the northwest of Guizhou province because of less heavy rains and high capacity of rainstorm disaster resistant, while high risk area mainly distributed in the west-central of Guizhou due to concentration rainstorms, large terrain undulation and low coverage rate of forest. Especially, according to Anshun, the high risk area took up 98.02. of the city, and the Gangwu County, where a super-large geological disaster concurred in 2.1. is located at the high risk area, which showed that the risk assessment coincided with the actual situation. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the macro disaster prevention and disaster mitigation plan.

关键词： Rainstorm disaster Risk assessment and zonation AHP GIS Guizhou china

Ionic liquids inhibit the dynamic transition fromα-helices toβ-sheets in peptides

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 777-784页

作者： ju Liu Yanlei Wang Feng Huo Hongyan He beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and EngineeringCAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstituteof Process EngineeringChineseAcademyof SciencesBeijing100190China Longzihu New Energy Laboratory Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial TechnologyHenan UniversityZhengzhou 450000China University of chinese Academyof {1. Beijing100049China

Abnormalities in the transition betweenα-helices andβ-sheets(α-βtransition)may lead to devastating neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson's syndrome and Alzheimer's *** liquids(ILs)are potential drugs for targeted therapies against these diseases because of their excellent bioactivity and designability of ***,the mechanism through which ILs regulate the aα-βtransition remains ***,a combination of GPU-accelerated microsecond molecular dynamics simulations,correlation analysis,and machine learning was used to probe the dynamicalα-βtransition process induced by ILs of 1.alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([C_(n)mim]cl)and its molecular ***,the cation of [C_(n)mim]+in ILs can spontaneously insert into the peptides as free ions(n≤1.)and clusters(n≥1.).Such insertion can significantly inhibit theα-β,transition and the inhibiting ability for the clusters is more significant than that of free ions,where[Ciomim]+and[C_(1.)mim]+can reduce the maximumβ-sheet content of the peptide by 1..5% and 44.9%,***,the correlation analysis and machine learning method were used to develop a predictive model accounting for the influencing factors on theα-βtransition,which could accurately predict the effect of ILs on theα-β***,these quantitative results may not only deepen the understanding of the role of ILs in theα-βtransition but also guide the development of the IL-based treatments for related diseases.

关键词： α-βtransition Moleculardynamics simulation lonic liquids Machine learning Membrane channel protein

Distribution and Development of the TCM Syndromes in Psoriasis Vulgaris

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Journal of Traditional chinese Medicine 2009年第3期29卷 195-200页

作者：张广中王莒生王萍姜春燕邓丙戌李萍赵一鸣刘瓦利瞿幸陈维文曾琳周冬梅孙丽蕴李若瑜王新中 Department of Dermatology and Venereology Beijing TCM Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Medical University beijing Institute of Traditional {1. Medicine Research Centre of Clinical Epidemiology the Third Hospital of Beijing University Department of Dermatology and Venereology Guanganmen Hospital Affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Department of Dermatology and Venereology Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Department of Dermatology and Venereology First Hospital of Beijing University

Objective: To study the distribution and development rules of the TCM syndromes in psoriasis vulgaris. Methods: Based on the clinical epidemiologic mass survey, the study was carried out by means of a status survey, multi-center and large-sample research. The data base was set up by EPIINFO6.0. The SPSS was used to do the statistical analyses in 2.51.cases of psoriasis vulgaris to study the correlations among the distribution and development of the TCM syndromes, the stages of the disease, nationality, psoriasis history, family history, smoking history, alcohol drinking history, and severity of the disease. Results: The TCM syndromes in psoriasis vulgaris mainly include the blood-heat syndrome (53.8%), blood-dryness syndrome (2..4%), and blood-stasis syndrome (1..1.). Other syndromes were rarely seen, covering 0.6%. The concurrent syndromes mainly involve dampness, heat, blood stasis and toxin. The distribution differences of the main syndromes at different stages of the disease had statistical significance (P1.. The syndrome distribution is not related with nationality and family history (P>0.05), but it was closely related with the psoriasis history, smoking history, alcohol drinking history, and severity of the disease (P1.. Conclusion: At the initial stage, psoriasis vulgaris usually manifests itself as the blood-heat syndrome, and later it may be improved or turn into the blood-dryness or blood-stasis syndrome. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and severity of the disease may play a role in the syndrome's transformation.

关键词：中医证候银屑病 TCM EPIINFO6.0