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Development of Tea Whitener Using Concentrated Whey and Milk Solids

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第2期4卷 215-221页

作者： Jyothis joy Mazhuvanchery Satish Kulkarni National Dairy Research Institute Bangalore India.

Whey and toned milk was effectively used for the development of tea whitener. Cheese whey was concentrated to 12% solids in a vacuum evaporator, pasteurized at 72℃±2℃ for 15 s, diluted back to 11.5% solids and was cold blended with toned milk of 11.5% solids in three ratios viz. 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 and selected blends were homogenized at 1200-1500 psi. Tea was prepared by adding 80 mL whitener to 100 mL decoction and addition of sugar at 8% (w/v). The tea whitener was selected based on the sensory attributes of tea beverages. The colour of the beverages, tea whiteners and decoction were analyzed by reflectance meter and computer vision image analysis technique. The viscosity of the beverage was tested using a Brookfield viscometer. Coffee stability test was done to assess the stability of tea whitener under acidic conditions. Standard plate count, Coliform count and Presumptive Coliform test were done to assess the microbiological quality of the whitener. Homogenization had a positive impact on the viscosity and colour. The reflectance value of tea prepared from 25% homogenised whey milk blend and toned milk were in the range of 43-46 and 45-49, respectively. The viscosity of tea was found to increase with homogenization and whey levels. The sedimentation values of 25% whey blends and toned milk were 1.25 mL and 1 mL respectively. The shelf life of the blends was 2 days under refrigerated conditions. It can be concluded that a satisfactory tea whitener can be prepared by blending whey with toned milk in 25:75 proportion followed by homogenization.

关键词： Concentrated Whey Homogenization Sensory Evaluation Toned Milk Tea Tea Whitener

Teaching Writing to Adult English Language Learners： Lessons From the Field

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2016年第11期6卷 1407-1423页

作者： joy Kreeft Peyton Kirsten Schaetzel Center for Applied Linguistics Washington DC USA Georgetown University Washington DC USA

For the past several decades, it has been clear that the ability to write texts for academic and professional purposes （＂academic writing＂ in this article） is key to the success of adults in U.S. society--in school, in university courses, on tests that they need to take to progress through learning and into work, and in the workforce. Academic writing has specific features and involves approaches that are different from much of the writing that is done with adult learners, particularly those learning English as an additional language （e.g., described in reviews by Hinkel, 2015; Leki, Cumming, ＆ Silva, 2008; and a survey by Rosenfeld, Courtney, ＆ Fowles, 2004）. However, a recent survey of adult educators, conducted by the authors, found that academic writing has not been a focus in many adult education programs, and teachers receive limited professional development in this area and instructional support in implementing it. This article describes the importance of academic writing at all levels of adult education, the key features of academic writing, and the current state of writing instruction in adult education programs. It then describes the motivation for, design, and outcomes of a survey of and interviews with adult educators across the country on their preparation for and instructional practices with academic writing （conducted in 2014 and 2015）. Finally, it describes approaches that can be used in adult education programs to meet the writing proficiency needs of students at all levels and next steps that the adult education field might take.

关键词： academic writing adult education adult ESL English learners writing instruction

COVID-19 case management strategies: what are the options for Africa?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第2期10卷 38-43页

作者： joy Luba Lomole Waya David Ameh Joseph Lou K.Mogga Joseph F.Wamala Olushayo Oluseun Olu World Health Organization COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Team JubaRepublic of South Sudan

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has put a strain on health systems *** Africa is the least affected region to date,it has the weakest health systems and an exponential rise in cases as has been observed in other regions,is bound to overwhelm its health *** detection and isolation of suspected and confirmed COVID-19 cases are pivotal to the prevention and control of the *** World Health Organization(WHO)recommends that all laboratory-confirmed cases should be isolated and treated in a health care facility;however,where this is not possible due to the health system capacity,patients can be isolated in re-purposed facilities or at *** already very apparent future challenge for Africa is facility-based isolation of COVID-19 cases,given the already limited health infrastructure and health workforce,and the risk of nosocomial *** of repurposed facilities requires additional resources,including health *** isolation,on the other hand,would be a challenge given the poor housing,overcrowding,inadequate access to water and sanitation,and stigma related to infectious disease that is prevalent in many African *** settings on the continent pose an additional challenge to the prevention and control of COVID-19 with the resultant population displacements in overcrowded camps where access to social services is *** unique cultural,social,economic and developmental differences on the continent,call for a tailored approach to COVID-19 case management *** article proposes three broad case management strategies based on the transmission scenarios defined by WHO,and the criteria and package of care for each option,for consideration by policy makers and governments in African *** forward,African countries should generate local evidence to guide the development of realistic home-grown strategies,protocol and equipment for the management of COVID-19 cases on the

关键词： COVID-19 Case management Strategies Africa

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白雪公主

Knowledge Management Strategy for Handling Cyber Attacks in E-Commerce with Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)

丛书名：轻松英语名作欣赏

2012年

作者：（新西兰）joy Sharp改写

本书共分四章，主要内容包括：美丽的公主；白雪公主和七个小矮人；有毒的苹果；婚礼。

ISBN: (纸本)9787513521888

本书共分四章，主要内容包括：美丽的公主；白雪公主和七个小矮人；有毒的苹果；婚礼。

关键词：阅读教学

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Information Security 2022年第4期13卷 294-311页

作者： Fauziyah Fauziyah Zhaosun Wang Gabriel joy School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Faculty of Economics and Business University of Indonesia Depok Indonesia

Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) was created to help expand the market share network through the internet without the boundaries of space and time. However, behind all the benefits obtained, E-Commerce also raises the issue of consumer concerns about the responsibility for personal data that has been recorded and collected by E-Commerce companies. The personal data is in the form of consumer identity names, passwords, debit and credit card numbers, conversations in email, as well as information related to consumer requests. In Indonesia, cyber attacks have occurred several times against 3 major E-Commerce companies in Indonesia. In 2019, users’ personal data in the form of email addresses, telephone numbers, and residential addresses were sold on the deep web at Bukalapak and Tokopedia. Even though E-Commerce affected by the cyber attack already has a Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) by recruiting various security engineers, both defense and attack, this system still has a weakness, namely that the CSIRT operates in the aspect of handling and experimenting with defense, not yet on how to store data and prepare for forensics. CSIRT will do the same thing again, and so on. This is called an iterative procedure, one day the attack will come back and only be done with technical handling. Previous research has succeeded in revealing that organizations that have Knowledge Management (KM), the organization has succeeded in reducing costs up to four times from the original without using KM in the cyber security operations. The author provides a solution to create a knowledge management strategy for handling cyber incidents in CSIRT E-Commerce in Indonesia. This research resulted in 4 KM Processes and 2 KM Enablers which were then translated into concrete actions. The KM Processes are Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Storing, Knowledge Sharing, and Knowledge Utilizing. While the KM Enabler is Technology Infrastructure and People Competency.

关键词： Knowledge Management Cyber Security Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)

Trends of dengue infections in Malaysia,2000-2010

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第6期6卷 462-466页

作者： Md.Shahin Mia Rawshan Ara Begum A.C.Er Raja Datuk Zaharaton Raja Zainal Abidin joy Jacqueline Pereira Institute for Environment and Development Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKMBangiSelangor D.E.Malaysia Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKMBangiSelangor D.E.Malaysia School of Development and Environmental Studies Faculty of Social Science and Humanities Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKMBangiSelangor D.E.Malaysia

Objective:To analyze trends of dengue incidences and deaths in Malaysia from 2000 to 2010 as well as the predominant dengue virus serotypes during the last ***:We used the national data on annual reported cases,deaths,incidence rate,mortality rate,and case fatality rate of dengue fever(DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever(DHF) as well as dengue virus serotypes prevalent in Malaysia during the last ***/ regression lines were fitted to investigate the trend of dengue incidences and deaths due to the disease for a 11-year period(2000-2010).For the distribution of national incidence rate,mortality rate,and case fatality rate of DF and DHF, descriptive statistics using mean and 95%confidence intervals(C/) for means,and range were ***:The number of dengue cases and number of deaths have increased,on average, by 14%and 8%per year *** average annual incidence rate of DF per 100 000 populations was higher as compared to that of ***,the yearly mean mortality rate of DHF per 100 000 populations was greater than that of *** simultaneous circulation of all four dengue serotypes has been found in *** a particular dengue virus serotype predominates for at least two years before it becomes replaced by another ***: The dengue situation in Malaysia has worsened with an increasing number of reported oases and deaths during the last *** increasing trend of dengue highlights the need for a more systematic surveillance and reporting of the disease.

关键词： Dengue Dengue hemorrhagic fever Trend Malaysia

Antibiotic resistome mostly relates to bacterial taxonomy along a suburban transmission chain

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 63-72页

作者： Ziyan Qin Qun Gao Qiang Dong joy D.Van Nostrand Qi Qi Yifan Su Suo Liu Tianjiao Dai Jingmin Cheng Jizhong Zhou Yunfeng Yang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Chemical Defense Beijing 102205China Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Antibiotic resistance genes comprising antibiotic resistome are of great concern due to their increase in the *** evidence of shared resistomes between soils and animal husbandry has imposed potential risks to human ***,the correlation between a given community’s resistome and bacterial taxonomic composition is ***,a transmission chain of resistomes from swine manure to compost and compost-amended soil were analyzed in five suburban areas of Beijing,China,with unamended agricultural soils as control *** resistomes and bacterial taxonomic compositions were distinct between(I)manure and compost;and(II)compost-amended and control *** manure,compost,and compost-amended soils,theβ-diversity of the resistome and bacterial taxonomic composition was significantly correlated,while no correlation was detected in control *** taxonomic composition explained 36.0%of total variations of the resistome composition,much higher than environmental ***,those results demonstrated that antibiotic resistome was closely related to bacterial taxonomic composition along the suburban transmission chain.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance genes Resistome Bacterial taxonomy Transmission chain

Evaluation of an erosion-sediment transport model for a hillslope using laboratory flume data

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第6期6卷 647-655页

作者： Anya Catherine CARGUELLES MinJae JUng Kristine joy BMALLARI GiJung PAK Hafzullah AKSOY Levent M KAVVAS Ebru ERIS JaeYoung YOON YoungJoon LEE SeonHwa HOng Department of Environmental Engineering Korea University Sejong 339-700Korea Program in Environmental Technology and Policy Korea University Sejong 339-700Korea Department of Civil Engineering Istanbul Technical University Maslak 34469IstanbulTurkey Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California DavisCalifornia 95616USA Department of Civil Engineering Ege University Bornova 35100IzmirTurkey Geum-River Environment Research Center National Institute of Environmental Research OkcheonChungbuk 373-804Korea

Climate change can escalate rainfall intensity and cause further increase in sediment transport in arid lands which in turn can adversely affect water quality. Hence, there is a strong need to predict the fate of sediments in order to provide measures for sound erosion control and water quality management. The presence of micro- topography on hillslopes influences processes of runoff generation and erosion, which should be taken into account to achieve more accurate modelling results. This study presents a physically based mathematical model for erosion and sediment transport coupled to one-dimensional overland flow equations that simulate rainfall-runoff generation on the rill and interrill areas of a bare hillslope. Modelling effort at such a fine resolution considering the flow con- nection between Jnterrill areas and rills is rarely verified. The developed model was applied on a set of data gath- ered from an experimental setup where a 650 cm×136 cm erosion flume was pre-formed with a longitudinal rill and interrJll having a plane geometry and was equipped with a rainfall simulator that reproduces natural rainfall characteristics. The flume can be given both longitudinal and lateral slope directions. For calibration and validation, the model was applied on the experimental results obtained from the setup of the flume having 5% lateral and 10% longitudinal slope directions under rainfall intensities of 105 and 45 mm/h, respectively. Calibration showed that the model was able to produce good results based on the R2 （0.84） and NSE （0.80） values. The model performance was further tested through validation which also produced good statistics （R2=0.83, NSE=0.72）. Results in terms of the sedigraphs, cumulative mass curves and performance statistics suggest that the model can be a useful and an important step towards verifying and improving mathematical models of erosion and sediment transport.

关键词： climate change erosion rill and interrill physically based model sediment transport

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium species in catfish(Clarias gariepinus)Harvested from two lakes and artificial ponds in Zaria,Northern Nigeria

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2013年第1期1卷 6-11页

作者： joy Cecilia Atawodi Armayau Hamisu Bichi Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Applied Zoology Bayero UniversityKanoNigeria

Objective:To determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium species in catfish(Clarias gariepinus)harvested from two lakes and ponds in Zaria,Kaduna State,***:Catfish samples(n=200)from two lakes and(n=200)from two private fish ponds were collected and their gills and gastrointestinal tract samples were analysed for Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique was used,followed by ***:Oocysts of Cryptosporidium species were found in all the sampling sites with an overall positivity rate of 49.75%.A comparison between the lakes and ponds as sampling sites revealed a statistically significant(Pngs document for the first time the natural occurrence ofCryptosporidium *** catfish intended for human consumption and therefore,underlines the need for public enlightenment to guard against any possible zoonotic transmission.

关键词： Cryptosporidium Oocysts Catfish Clarias gariepinus Lakes Ponds Nigeria