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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第7期12卷 374-381页

作者： joshua Njimbuc Walinjom Jerome Boombhi Martine Etoa Collins Chenwi Ambe Emerentia Eho Alain Menanga samuel Kingue Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS) University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Medical and Cardiology Unit General Hospital Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Central Hospital Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Mvangan District Hospital Mvangan Cameroon

Background: Cardiovascular events, the leading cause of death among diabetic patients, are usually under-diagnosed due to subclinical presentation. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from March-2019 to September-2020, in two reference hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon, to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD) and Silent Myocardial Infarction (SMI) and potentially associated factors. Results: Out of 95 participants (mean age ± SD: 43 ± 7 years;M/F sex-ratio 1.6), 22 (23.1%;95% CI: 15.8% - 32.6%) had LVDD and fewer (n = 13, 13.6%;95% CI: 8.2% - 22.0%) had SMI, p = 0.86. Though not statistically significant, patients with ≥5 years diabetes duration, as well as patients with HbA1C ≥ 7.5% had two-fold increased risk of LVDD (p = 0.22 and p = 0.15 respectively). LVDD was significantly higher in patients with SMI (29% vs 6.3%, p Conclusion: The significant presence of asymptomatic cardiovascular manifestations in this population entails mandatory preventive screening, especially, in patients with long standing diabetes and poor glycemic control, to allow timely detection and management.

关键词： Asymptomatic Cardiovascular Manifestations Left ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Silent Myocardial Ischemia Type 2 Diabetes Cameroon

Post-endoscopic procedure satisfaction scores: Can we improve?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第1期10卷 23-29页

作者： Ankita Munjal joshua M Steinberg Afnan Mossaad samuel J Kallus Mark C Mattar Nadim G Haddad Department of Internal Medicine Georgetown University Hospital Department of Gastroenterology MedStar Georgetown University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center

AIM To organize post-procedure satisfaction data into a useful reference and analyze patient-centered parameters to find trends that influence patient *** A robust database of two cohorts of outpatients that underwent an endoscopic procedure at Georgetown University Hospital at two separate three-month intervals ranging from November 2012 to January 2013 and November 2015 to January 2016 was compiled. Time of year was identical to control for weather/seasonal issues that may have contributed to the patient experience. The variables recorded included age, sex, body mass index(BMI), type of procedure, indication for procedure, time of the procedure, length of the procedure, type of prep used, endoscopist, satisfactory score, and comments/reasons for score. For continuous variables, differences in averages were tested by two sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and ANOVA as appropriate. For categorical variables, differences in proportions between two groups were tested by χ~2 test. Correlation test and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between length of procedure and continuous predictors. A P value < 0.05 used to indicate statistically significant *** The primary outcome of this study was to assess if telephone outreach after an endoscopic intervention was a satisfactory method of obtaining post-procedure satisfaction scores from patients at a tertiary care center. With the addition of post-procedure calls, instilled in January 2014, the response rate was 40.5%(508/1256 patients) from a prior completion rate of 3.4%(31/918) with the mail out survey initially. There was a statistically significant improved response rate pre and post intervention with P < 0001. The secondary outcome of this study was to assess if we could use predictive analytics to identify independent predictors of procedure length, such as gender, age, type of procedure, time of procedure, or BMI. The combined pre and post interven

关键词： Survey Quality improvement Patient satisfaction

Assessment of Municipal Organic Solid Waste, as a Potential Feedstock for Briquette Production in Kampala, Uganda

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2020年第2期10卷 62-75页

作者： Richard Basona Abondio Allan John Komakech Robert Kyeyune Kambugu Nicholas Kiggundu joshua Wanyama Ahamada Zziwa samuel Kyamanywa Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Agricultural Engineering University of Juba Juba South Sudan Department of Agricultural Production Makerere University Kampala Uganda

The current shortage of energy resources coupled with environmental degradation problems resulting from deforestation in Uganda has contributed to increased demand for renewable energy resources including municipal organic solid waste and agricultural residues. However, organic waste from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) may contain contaminants that are harmful to public health and the environment. This study determined the heavy metal concentration in MSW in Kampala City, Uganda. Also, the physicochemical properties of briquettes produced from the MSW were compared with charcoal. The waste samples were collected from residential, institutional and market areas over a period of two weeks. They were then analyzed for the presence of heavy metals. Briquettes were made from the bio-waste and were subjected to calorific and proximate analysis. Results indicated that the mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Pb were 1.25 mg/kg, 2.04 mg/kg, 38.2 mg/kg, 3.97 mg/kg and 1.99 mg/kg respectively while Hg was not detected. The calorific values of briquettes ranged from 8.9 to 15.3 MJ/kg and were lower than those of charcoal. Heavy metal concentrations in bio-waste collected were below the permissible acceptable limits. These findings indicate that the sampled MSW does not pose a health hazard arising from the presence of such heavy metals and therefore could be a safe source of renewable energy.

关键词： Organic Waste Heavy Metal Concentration Briquettes Calorific Value Renewable Energy

Using simulation to train orthopaedic trainees in non-technical skills: A pilot study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第8期7卷 475-480页

作者： samuel R Heaton Zoe Little Kash Akhtar Manoj Ramachandran joshua Lee Centre for Orthopaedics Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS Trust

AIM: To enhance non-technical skills and to analyse participant's experience of a course tailored for orth-opaedic ***: A Delphi technique was used to develop a course in human factors specific to orthopaedic residents. Twenty-six residents(six per course) participated in total with seven course facilitators all trained in Crisis Resource Management providing structured feedback. Six scenarios recreated challenging real-life situations using high-fidelity mannequins and simulated patients. Environments included a simulated operating suite, clinic room and ward setting. All were undertaken in a purpose built simulation suite utilising actors, mock operating rooms, mock clinical rooms and a high fidelity adult patient simulator organised through a simulation control room. Participants completed a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire(strongly disagree to strongly agree) before and after the course. This assessed their understanding of non-technical skills, scenario validity, relevance to orthopaedic training and predicted impact of the course on future practice. A course evaluation questionnaire was also completed to assess participants' feedback on the value and quality of the course ***: Twenty-six orthopaedic residents participated(24 male, 2 female; post-graduation 5-10 years), mean year of residency program 2.6 out of 6 years required in the United Kingdom. Pre-course questionnaires showedthat while the majority of candidates recognised the importance of non-technical(NT) skills in orthopaedic training they demonstrated poor understanding of non-technical skills and their role. This improved significantly after the course(Likert score 3.0-4.2) and the perceived importance of these skills was reported as good or very good in 100%. The course was reported as enjoyable and provided an unthreatening learning environment with the candidates placing particular value on the learning opportunity provided by reflecting on their performance. All agreed

关键词： Teaching Learning Simulation Nontechnical Surgery

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Attendance and Trends in the Use of Medical Imaging Modalities in a Referral Hospital in the City of Douala, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2022年第1期12卷 16-24页

作者： Yannick Onana joshua Tambe Mohamadou Aminou samuel Mbozo’o Mvondo Francis Ateba Ndongo Jean Claude Mballa Amougou Jeremie Mbo Amvene Mathurin Neossi Guena Harvey Onana Boniface Moifo Emile Telesphore Mboudou Douala Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Garoua University of Ngaoundere Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a massive influx of patients with suspected or confirmed flu to hospitals, paradoxically leading to a decrease in the attendance for some services. This study aspired to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the attendance of patients at the Radiology and Medical Imaging Department of a tertiary hospital in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, retrospective and descriptive hospital-based study. Data on patient attendance was extracted from the medical records at the Radiology Unit of Douala Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (DGOPH) between the 1st of March 2019 and the 30th of August 2021. Results: There was a drop in the number of sonographies and conventional radiographies by 25.73% and 18.26% respectively during the peaks pandemic period of 2020 compared to the preceding pre-pandemic era (2019). There was a recovery in 2021 as the numbers increased. Computed tomography studies increased by 40.65% during the peak pandemic period of 2020. Conclusion: This study enables us to understand the health-seeking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in CT utilization during the peak period of the pandemic nevertheless required caution in order to ensure safety and to promote rational cost-effective utilization.

关键词： COVID-19 Impact Imaging Trends Radiology Department Douala

Biofumigation Efficacy of Spider Plant (Cleome gynandra L.) Accessions on Nematode Control in Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2020年第2期2卷 15-23页

作者： Stella Jerono Keter samuel Nyalala joshua Ogweno Egerton University Department of CropsHorticultureand Soils P.O.Box 536EgertonKenya

Tuberose(Polianthes tuberosa L.)is a perennial summer flower grown by smallholders in Kenya for ***,its production and export volumes have declined drastically due to nematodes *** study evaluated the effect of Cleome gynandra accessions on nematode management on *** was carried out at Egerton University,Kenya using a randomized complete block design with four *** treatments were *** namely“Simlaw”,“Egerton”,“Taastrup”,“PS”and“IP8”,applied at 6 kg/m^(2) and compared with Brassica napus,solarization and untreated *** was collected on growth and yield parameters,nematode infestation and quality of *** collected was subjected to analysis of variance at p≤0.05 and means separated using Tukey’s *** with Cleome gynandra accessions helped to reduce nematode population by 34%,gall numbers by 83% and galling index by 96%when compared with the *** of biofumigation helped to improve plant height and leaf number of tuberoses by 16% and 87%,respectively,when compared with the *** of biofumigation helped to improve spike length by 32%,marketable spikes by 80%,and flower yield by 90% and reduced nonmarketable spikes by 95% when compared with the *** on the above results,use of Cleome gynandra accessions and other biofumigants such as rape seed can be used to manage nematodes and improve growth,yield and quality of tuberose.

关键词： Nematode management Biofumigantion Flower growth Flower quality

生姜提取物6-姜酚对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠肝脏毒性的保护作用(英文)

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中西医结合学报 2011年第11期9卷 1264-1269页

作者： Evan Prince Sabina samuel joshua Pragasam Suresh Kumar Mahaboobkhan Rasool School of Bio Sciences and Technology VIT UniversityVellore 632014Tamil NaduIndia

目的:研究生姜提取物6-姜酚对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠肝脏毒性的保护作用。方法:实验组小鼠在腹腔注射对乙酰氨基酚(900 mg/kg)30 min后,分别给予6-姜酚(30 mg/kg)或标准对照药水飞蓟素(25 mg/kg)。注射对乙酰氨基酚4 h后处死小鼠,检测血清... 详细信息

目的:研究生姜提取物6-姜酚对对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠肝脏毒性的保护作用。方法:实验组小鼠在腹腔注射对乙酰氨基酚(900 mg/kg)30 min后,分别给予6-姜酚(30 mg/kg)或标准对照药水飞蓟素(25 mg/kg)。注射对乙酰氨基酚4 h后处死小鼠,检测血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶活性,总胆红素的含量及肝匀浆中脂质过氧化及抗氧化情况,如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽转移酶活性及还原型谷胱甘肽含量。结果:与对照组相比,6-姜酚及水飞蓟素均能显著降低对乙酰氨基酚引起的小鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及总胆红素含量的升高(P<0.05)。此外,6-姜酚及水飞蓟素有效控制了肝脏内丙二醛的形成及各种抗氧化酶的降低(P<0.05)。结论:本研究的结果证实了6-姜酚具有与水飞蓟素相当的保肝作用。

关键词： 6姜酚植物提取物保肝药抗氧化剂脂质过氧化作用小鼠

对香豆酸对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的抗过氧化作用(英文)

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中西医结合学报 2012年第8期10卷 932-938页

作者： samuel joshua Pragasam Vachana Murunikara Evan Prince Sabina Mahaboobkhan Rasool School of Bio Sciences and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology University

目的:研究对香豆酸,一种食物中含有的酚酸对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的抗过氧化治疗作用。方法:大鼠右后肢脚垫皮内注射0.1mL弗氏完全佐剂诱发关节炎。于佐剂注射后第11～18天连续给药8d,治疗组用药为对香豆酸(100mg/kg大鼠体质量,腹腔内给药)... 详细信息

目的:研究对香豆酸,一种食物中含有的酚酸对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的抗过氧化治疗作用。方法:大鼠右后肢脚垫皮内注射0.1mL弗氏完全佐剂诱发关节炎。于佐剂注射后第11～18天连续给药8d,治疗组用药为对香豆酸(100mg/kg大鼠体质量,腹腔内给药),阳性对照组药物为吲哚美辛(3mg/kg大鼠体质量,腹腔内给药)。对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的肝脏、脾脏、血浆内脂质过氧化作用水平和抗氧化水平的变化进行测量,同时分析大鼠后肢的影像学改变以衡量对香豆酸的抗氧化作用。结果:佐剂性关节炎大鼠经对香豆酸治疗后,脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化水平恢复近正常值。影像学观察发现,治疗组大鼠的软组织肿胀、骨侵蚀及关节间隙狭窄情况得到缓解。结论:对香豆酸对佐剂性关节炎大鼠有明显的治疗作用,这种治疗作用可能与其抗氧化作用相关。

关键词：关节炎实验性香豆酸类植物提取物抗氧化剂脂质过氧化作用大鼠

Comparison of Chest Computed Tomography Findings between Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Infection in Douala Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2021年第4期11卷 132-144页

作者： Yannick Onana joshua Tambe Adamou Dodo Balkissou Mohamadou Aminou samuel Mbozo’o Mvondo Dominique Tamchom Djomo Alphonse Nyong Ngalame Rakya Inna Bilkissou Moustapha Francis Ateba Ndongo Robert Tchounzou Jean Claude Mballa Amougou Jérémie Mbo Amvene Mathurin Neossi Guena Emile Telesphore Mboudou Douala Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Garoua University of Ngaoundere Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiologic state associated with decreased immunity, and the use of medical imaging modalities with ionizing radiation must be justified as potential benefits must outweigh the risk of any harm. However, in the wake of SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, chest computed tomography (CT) is necessary to assess the severity of the disease. The objective of this study was to compare the chest CT findings of pregnant and non-pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 viral pneumonia at a tertiary hospital setting. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study of admission records of pregnant and non-pregnant patients aged 15 - 49 years during a three (3) months period (April-July 2020) in DGOPH. Logistic regression was used to search for predictors of lung involvement during COVID-19. Results: A total of 31 patient files were studied of which 9 (29%) were those of pregnant women. The pregnant women mostly had a combination of lung ground-glass opacities and consolidation on CT compared to the non-pregnant women (7 out of 9 cases, 77.8%, vs. 6 out of 22 cases, 22.7%;p = 0.01). The group of pregnant women had more than 3 affected lobes (50.0% vs. 22.7%, p = 0.04) with a middle lobe predilection (77.8% vs. 31.8%, p = 0.02). CT predictors of COVID-19 pneumonia in the group of pregnant women after the multivariable logistic regression analysis were the presence of nodules (aOR = 13.9;95% CI: 1.25 - 134.2;p = 0.032) and linear bands of interlobular septal thickening (aOR = 17.8;95% CI: 1.46 - 217.6;p = 0.024). Conclusion: In this study, the chest CT of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia revealed mostly a combination of findings compared to non-pregnant women, with more affected lobes. These findings suggest the likelihood of a greater CT severity of COVID-19 pneumonia among pregnant women and therefore the need for timely and appropriate management.

关键词： COVID-19 Pneumonia Pregnancy Computed Tomography

Performance Evaluation of Collard Based Bio-Filter for Treating Fish Tank Effluent for Re-use

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2019年第1期8卷 28-36页

作者： Obeti Grism Lawrence joshua Wanyama Noble Banadda Alphonse Candia samuel George Onep Ronald Walozi Department of Agricultural Mechanization & Irrigation Engineering Busitema University Tororo 236 Uganda Agricultural Engineering and Appropriate Research Center National Agricultural Research Organization Kampala 7144 Uganda Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala 7062 Uganda Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University 1340 Elings Hall Ames Iowa 50011-3270 USA

The increasing Uganda’s urban population growth has led to limited space coupled with high cost of living, thus making it difficult for the urban poor in congested areas to afford fish protein hence poor nutrition among the low income earners. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate the performance of collard based bio-filtration system for filtering fish tank effluent for re-use in congested peri-urban areas. Field physical-chemical parameters (ammonia, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature and pH) were measured at various bio-filter lengths in the effluent from both collard based and GBF (Gravel Based Bio-Filter). Differences in mean ammonia and nitrate levels at various lengths were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at p = 0.05. Ammonia levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at various lengths: L0 99.1 mg/L;L1 75.8 mg/L (23.6%);L2 53.1 mg/L (46.4%);L3 25.8 mg/L (74%) and L4 6.6 mg/L (93.4%). Similarly, nitrate levels significantly reduced (p < 0.05): L0 11.8 mg/L;L1 7.2 mg/L (39.4%);L2 3.6 mg/L (69.2%);L3 1.6 mg/L (86.7%) and L4 0.1 mg/L (99.3%). Significant difference (p < 0.05) was obtained in mean ammonia and nitrate removal between collard based and gravel bio-filters. Collard based filter yielded higher ammonia and nitrate removal at L4 by 18.3% and 39.5% respectively, hence L4 is the effective length for collard based bio-filter.

关键词： Effluent bio-filter nitrifying bacteria ammonia