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Day to Day consistency and Inter-subject Variability of Neuromuscular Responses and Performance Fatigability as the Result of Maximal,Bilateral,Dynamic Leg Extensions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 195-204页

作者： joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh John Paul V.Anders cory M.Smith Ethan c.Hill Richard J.Schmidt Glen O.Johnson Exercise Physiology Laboratory University of Nebraska-Lincoln1740 Vine StreetLincolnNE 68508USA Department of Kinesiology Human and Environmental Physiology LaboratoryUniversity of Texas At El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy Division of KinesiologyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine the day-to-day consistency and inter-subject variability of com-posite and individual,neuromuscular and torque patterns of responses as a result of a fatiguing bout of maximal,bilateral,isokinetic leg extension muscle *** Ten men (Mean ± SD =21.6 ± 2.5 years) completed two testing visits consisting of pretest and posttest maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIc) as well as 25 maximal,bilateral,isokinetic (180°/s),leg extension muscle *** (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were collected from the vastus lateralis and normalized to the *** fatigability was defined as the percent decline in torque between the average of repetitions 1,2,and 3 and repetitions 23,24,and *** regression was used to examine the individual and composite relation-ships between EMG amplitude (AMP),EMG mean power frequency (MPF),MMG AMP,MMG MPF,and torque versus *** There was no significant difference (d =0.80;P =0.17) in the performance fatigability between Day 1 (19.3% ± 7.1%)and Day 2 (26.9% ± 11.3%).Polynomial regression indicated substantial inter-subject variability,but high day-to-day *** The composite EMG AMP,MMG AMP,and MMG MPF patterns of responses demonstrated consistency across *** composite EMG MPF patterns of responses,however,were not consistent between Day 1 and Day *** addition,based on the high inter-subject variability,future studies should present both composite patterns of neuromuscular responses and the patterns of responses on a subject-by-subject basis to make inferences regarding fatigue-induced changes in motor unit activation strategies.

关键词： Performance fatigability Electromyography Mechanomyography Bilateral Dynamic

Mechanism and technological evaluation of biopeptidal-based emulsions

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 81-90页

作者： Tolulope joshua Ashaolu Ramy M.Khoder Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham Asad Nawaz Noman Walayat Muhammad Umair Ibrahim Khalifa Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam Faculty of Environmental and chemical Engineering Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam college of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei Province430070PR China Department of Food Science & Nutrition College of Food and Agricultural SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China college of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060GuangdongPR China Food Technology Department Faculty of Agriculture13736MoshtohorBenha UniversityEgypt

Both natural and synthetic peptides are not only biologically important,continuous research and comprehension of these short protein fragments show that they also have multifarious potentials in food manufacturing,namely emulsion-based *** emulsions may basically be oil-in-water or water-in-oil,as well as temporary,semi-permanent,or permanent in a continuous phase that suspends the droplets of the other elements used in food and pharmaceutical industries to formulate products such as gels,creams,ointments,and *** this review,the classification,preparation,and identification of peptides were described,followed by peptide-based emulsion properties and their relationship with regards to stability,structure,solubility,hydrophobicity,foaming,and water holding *** then dovetailed into the release rate and gastric stability of encapsulated peptides in the human digestive system,before exploring further needs and *** is desired that more studies be conducted to define the impact of carrier ingredients selection,encapsulation and processing techniques,environment,and peptides chemistry on peptide-based emulsions to attain high efficacy.

关键词： Peptides Emulsions Physicochemical properties Bioactivity Gastrointestinal stability

The origin and biosynthesis of the naphthalenoid moiety of juglone in black walnut

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 159-169页

作者： Rachel M.Mccoy Sagar M.Utturkar Joseph W.crook Jyothi Thimmapuram joshua R.Widhalm Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University625 Agriculture Mall DriveWest LafayetteIN47907USA Purdue center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Bioinformatics core Purdue University155 South Grant StreetWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Several members of the Juglandaceae family produce juglone,a specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone(1,4-NQ)natural product that is responsible for the notorious allelopathic effects of black walnut(Juglans nigra).Despite its documented ecological roles and potential for being developed as a novel natural product-based herbicide,none of the genes involved in synthesizing juglone have been *** on classical labeling studies,we hypothesized that biosynthesis of juglone’s naphthalenoid moiety is shared with biochemical steps of the phylloquinone ***,using comparative transcriptomics in combination with targeted metabolic profiling of 1,4-NQs in various black walnut organs,we provide evidence that phylloquinone pathway genes involved in 1,4-dihydroxynaphthoic acid(DHNA)formation are expressed in roots for synthesis of a compound other than *** experiments using axenic black walnut root cultures revealed that stable isotopically labeled L-glutamate incorporates into juglone resulting in the same mass shift as that expected for labeling of the quinone ring in *** together,these results indicate that in planta,an intermediate from the phylloquinone pathway provides the naphthalenoid moiety of ***,this work shows that juglone can be de novo synthesized in roots without the contribution of immediate precursors translocated from aerial *** present study illuminates all genes involved in synthesizing the juglone naphthoquinone ring and provides RNA-sequencing datasets that can be used with functional screening studies to elucidate the remaining juglone pathway *** of the generated knowledge is expected to inform future metabolic engineering strategies for harnessing juglone as a novel natural product-based herbicide.

关键词： moiety roots synthesizing

Intraperitoneal administration of butyrate prevents the severity of acetic acid colitis in rats

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2015年第3期16卷 224-234页

作者： joshua J.MALAGO catherine L.SANGU Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineSokoine University of Agriculture c/o Walter Oseko

Intrarectal infusion of butyrate improves colorectal disorders including ulcerative colitis （Uc）. However, it is not established whether systemically administered butyrate benefits such patients. The current study aimed at ex- ploring and comparing the potential of intraperitoneally, intrarectally, and orally administered butyrate against acetic acid （AA）-induced Uc in rats. Intrarectal administration of 2 ml of 50% AA was done after or without prior treatment of rats for 7 consecutive days with 100 mg/kg sodium butyrate （SB） intraperitoneally, intrarectally, or orally. Rats were sacrificed after 48 h of hA-treatment. Subsequently, colon sections were processed routinely for histopathological examination. We clinically observed diarrhea, loose stools, and hemoccult-positive stools, and histologically, epithelial loss and ulceration, crypt damage, goblet cell depletion, hemorrhage, and mucosal infiltration of inflammatory cells. The changes were significantly reduced by intraperitoneal, intrarectal, or oral butyrate, with intraperitoneal butyrate exhibiting the highest potency. It is concluded that intraperitoneal administration of butyrate abrogates the lesions of hA-induced Uc and its potency surpasses that of intrarectal or oral butyrate.

关键词： Butyrate Oral administration Intraperitoneal administration Intrarectal administration Acetic acid,Ulcerative colitis

Nanostructure and thermal power of highly-textured and single-crystal-like Bi_(2)Te_(3) thin films

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2382-2390页

作者： Heng Zhang Jamo Momand joshua Levinsky Qikai Guo Xiaotian Zhu Gert H ten Brink Graeme R.Blake George Palasantzas Bart J.Kooi Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AG GroningenThe Netherlands

Bi_(2)Te_(3)-based alloys are known to have outstanding thermoelectric *** structure–property relations have been studied,still,detailed analysis of the atomic and nano-scale structure of Bi_(2)Te_(3)thin film in relation to their thermoelectric properties remains poorly ***,highly-textured(HT)and single-crystal-like(ScL)Bi_(2)Te_(3)films have been grown using pulsed laser deposition(PLD)on Si wafer covered with(native or thermal)SiOx and mica *** films are highly textured with c-axis out-of-plane,but the in-plane orientation is random for the films grown on oxide and single-crystal-like for the ones grown on *** power factor of the film on thermal oxide is about four times higher(56.8μW·cm^(−1)·K^(−2))than that of the film on mica(12.8μW·cm^(−1)·K^(−2)),which is comparable to the one of the polycrystalline ingot at room temperature(RT).Reduced electron scattering in the textured thin films results in high electrical conductivity,where the ScL film shows the highest ***,its Seebeck coefficient shows a low *** measured properties are correlated with the atomic structure details unveiled by scanning transmission electron *** instance,the high concentration of stacking defects observed in the HT film is considered responsible for the increase of Seebeck coefficient compared to the ScL *** study demonstrates the influence of nanoscale structural effects on thermoelectric properties,which sheds light on tailoring thermoelectric thin films towards high performance.

关键词： Bi_(2)Te_(3)films highly-textured structure single-crystal-like structure thermoelectric properties pulsed laser deposition

Lessons from the past:isotopes of an endangered rail as indicators of underlying change to tidal marsh habitats

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第11期3卷 15-30页

作者： Angela M Merritt Michael L casazza cory T Overton John Y Takekawa Thomas P Hahn joshua M Hull u.s.geological survey western ecological research center dixon field office dixoncausa department of animal science university of california davisdaviscausa

Introduction:Tidal marsh systems along the Pacific coast of the United States have experienced substantial stress and loss of area and ecosystem function,which we examined by using the endangered california Ridgway’s Rail,Rallus obsoletus obsoletus(‘rail’)as an indicator of its tidal marsh habitat in the San Francisco *** organized a collection of historical(1885-1940)and modern(2005-2014)rail feathers and analyzed the feather isotope means for delta carbon(δ^(13)c),sulfur(δ^(34)S),and nitrogen(δ^(15)N)by region and time ***:Feather isotopes represented the primary foraging habitat during historical then modern time *** individual nor regional rail feather isotopes suggested freshwater or terrestrial foraging by the *** regions with both historic and modern feather isotopes revealed non-uniform spatial shifts in isotope levels consistent with a marine based food web and significantδ^(15)N ***:Our results supported the rail’s status as a generalist forager and obligate tidal marsh species throughout the historic *** variable isoscape trends generated from feather isotope means illustrated a modern loss of the isotopic homogeneity between regions of historical tidal marsh,which correlated with spatially-explicit habitat alterations such as increasing biological invasions and sewage effluent over ***:These findings have reinforced the importance of tidal marsh conservation in the face of ongoing underlying changes to these important ecosystems.

关键词： Historical change estuary food webs isoscapes isotopes Ridgway’s rail tidal marsh

Diazepam reduces synaptic GABA type areceptor availability via multiple trafficking mechanisms

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 952-952页

作者： joshua M LORENZ-GUERTIN Sabyasachi DAS Tija c JAcOB Department of Pharmacology & chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh

OBJEcTIVE Investigate the effects of diazepam(DZP) on γ2 subunit containing GABA type A receptor(GABA A R) *** Immunofluorescence microscopy measured surface GABA A Rs and gephyrin in rat cortical neurons after 24 h exposure of 1.0 μmol·L^(-1) *** studies of mice injected with 10 mg·kg^(-1) DZP vs vehicle were assessed for γ2 subunit and total gephyrin cortical levels 12 h *** of the γ2 subunit was studied by immunoprecipitation after 12 h of 1.0 μmol·L^(-1) DZP exposure.A γ2 subunit encoding an N terminal fluorogen-activating peptide and pH-sensitive green fluorescent protein(γ2 pH FAP) measured lysosomal targeting of γ2 containing GABA A ***-gephyrin and γ2 pH FAP synaptic diffusion rates were examined using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching(FRAP).RESULTS Extrasynaptic levels of γ2 GABA A Rs decreased by 12.2%,while synaptic gephyrin S270 phosphorylation increased by 18.3% in DZP-treated neurons after 24 h compared to control(Pc levels of gephyrin were also reduced to 74.1% of control,while S270 phosphorylation was elevated by 25.2%(Pce 12 h post-DZP injection demonstrated a 12.7% and 26.1% decrease in total γ2 and gephyrin levels,respectively(Pced γ2 subunit ubiquitination 1.13-fold relative to control(Pciated with lysosomes was 8.0% higher in neurons treated with 12-16 h DZP compared to *** FRAP experiments suggest gephyrin and γ2 have increased mobility and turnover at synapses following *** DZP treatment decreases γ2 GABA A R levels and gephyrin scaffolding function after one day of exposure,which may contribute to the formation of DZP tolerance.

关键词： GABA type A receptor gephyrin trafficking diazepam

Autonomous scanning probe microscopy investigations over WS_(2)and Au{111}

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 916-922页

作者： John c.Thomas Antonio Rossi Darian Smalley Luca Francaviglia Zhuohang Yu Tianyi Zhang Shalini Kumari joshua A.Robinson Mauricio Terrones Masahiro Ishigami Eli Rotenberg Edward S.Barnard Archana Raja Ed Wong D.Frank Ogletree Marcus M.Noack Alexander Weber-Bargioni Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720United States Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology center University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL32816United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16082United States center for Two-Dimensional and Layered Materials The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802United States Department of Physics and Department of chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802United States center for Advanced Mathematics for Energy Research Applications Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720United States

Individual atomic defects in 2D materials impact their macroscopic *** the interplay is challenging,however,intelligent hyperspectral scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS)mapping provides a feasible solution to this technically difficult and time consuming ***,dense spectroscopic volume is collected autonomously via Gaussian process regression,where convolutional neural networks are used in tandem for spectral *** data enable defect segmentation,and a workflow is provided for machine-driven decision making during experimentation with capability for user *** provide a means towards autonomous experimentation for the benefit of both enhanced reproducibility and *** investigations on WS_(2)sulfur vacancy sites are explored,which is combined with local density of states confirmation on the Au{111}herringbone *** vacancies,pristine WS_(2),Au face-centered cubic,and Au hexagonal close-packed regions are examined and detected by machine learning methods to demonstrate the potential of artificial intelligence for hyperspectral STS mapping.

关键词： autonomous consuming packed

Red cabbage washing with acidic electrolysed water:effects on microbial quality and physicochemical properties

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Food Quality and Safety 2018年第4期2卷 229-237页

作者： Xia chen Sophia Jun Xue John Shi Magdalena Kostrzynska joshua Tang Evelyne Guévremont Sébastien Villeneuve Martin Mondor Guelph Research and Development center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada93 Stone Road WestOntario N1G 5C9Canada college of Food Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityJiangsu 225127China Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development centre 3600 boul.Casavant OuestQuébec J2S 8E3Canada

The effects of acidic electrolysed water(AEW)as‘green’technology on the microbiological and physicochemical properties of fresh-cut red cabbages were ***-cut red cabbages and artificially inoculated red cabbages with Salmonella typhimurium DT104 were washed with distilled water(DW)and different available chlorine concentrations(Acc)of AEW for different *** treatments significantly reduced the populations of native aerobic bacteria,molds,and yeasts,and artificially inoculated *** DT104 compared with the DW-treated and untreated red cabbage *** effectiveness of AEW treatments was greatly enhanced with increasing Acc and treatment *** DT104 were not detected in the washing water that were collected after the red cabbages treated by *** surface colour,pH,and total phenolic contents did not significantly change when the red cabbages were washed with DW and AEW containing 100 mg/L available chlorine for 3 *** anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities of red cabbage were significantly reduced by 18.5 per cent for cyanidin,22.1 per cent for pelargonidin,and 11.2 per cent for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging activity,however,the impacts on the nutritional benefits of red cabbage were considered as limited and *** optimal process condition of AEW for washing red cabbage was 100 mg/L Acc for 3 *** these conditions,most of the native microflora were inactivated,and artificially inoculated *** DT104 on the red cabbage were reduced by 40.2 per cent[3.67 log cFU/g(log10 colony-forming units per gram)]and with minimal losses of nutrients and antioxidant activity,as well as no requirement of decontamination treatment on the washing water after AEW treatment.

关键词： red cabbage acidic electrolysed water decontamination S.typhimurium DT104 physicochemical characteristics anthocyanins