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Effect of competing solutes on arsenic(Ⅴ) adsorption using iron and aluminum oxides

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第8期19卷 910-919页

作者： Youngran Jeong fan Maohong Johannes Van Leeuwen joshua F. Belczyk Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA. Center for Sustainable Environmental Technology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Bailey PVS Canonsburg PA 15317 USA

The study focused on the effect of several typical competing solutes on removal of arsenic with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The test results indicate that chloride, nitrate and sulfate did not have detectable effects, and that selenium（Ⅳ）（Se（Ⅳ）） and vanadium（Ⅴ）（V（Ⅴ）） showed slight effects on the adsorption of As（Ⅴ） with Fe2O3. The results also showed that adsorption of As（Ⅴ） on A12O3 was not affected by chloride and nitrate anions, but slightly by Se（Ⅳ） and V（Ⅴ） ions. Unlike the adsorption of As（Ⅴ） with Fe2O3, that with Fe2O3 was affected by the presence of sulfate in water solutions. Both phosphate and silica have significant adverse effects on the adsorption of As（Ⅴ） adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Compared to the other tested anions, phosphate anion was found to be the most prominent solute affecting the As（Ⅴ） adsorption with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. In general, Fe2O3 has a better performance than Al2O3 in removal of As（Ⅴ） within a water environment where multi competing solutes are present.

关键词： adsorption arsenic iron oxide aluminum oxide sulfate selenium(Ⅳ) vanadium(Ⅴ) phosphate silica

Dark,Beyond Deep:A Paradigm Shift to Cognitive AI with Humanlike Common Sense

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Engineering 2020年第3期6卷 310-345页

作者： Yixin Zhu Tao Gao Lifeng fan Siyuan Huang Mark Edmonds Hangxin Liu Feng Gao Chi Zhang Siyuan Qi Ying Nian Wu joshua B.Tenenbaum Song-Chun Zhu Center for Vision CognitionLearningand AutonomyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Center for Brains Mindsand MachinesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Recent progress in deep learning is essentially based on a“big data for small tasks”paradigm,under which massive amounts of data are used to train a classifier for a single narrow *** this paper,we call for a shift that flips this paradigm upside ***,we propose a“small data for big tasks”paradigm,wherein a single artificial intelligence(AI)system is challenged to develop“common sense,”enabling it to solve a wide range of tasks with little training *** illustrate the potential power of this new paradigm by reviewing models of common sense that synthesize recent breakthroughs in both machine and human *** identify functionality,physics,intent,causality,and utility(FPICU)as the five core domains of cognitive AI with humanlike common *** taken as a unified concept,FPICU is concerned with the questions of“why”and“how,”beyond the dominant“what”and“where”framework for understanding *** are invisible in terms of pixels but nevertheless drive the creation,maintenance,and development of visual *** therefore coin them the“dark matter”of *** as our universe cannot be understood by merely studying observable matter,we argue that vision cannot be understood without studying *** demonstrate the power of this perspective to develop cognitive AI systems with humanlike common sense by showing how to observe and apply FPICU with little training data to solve a wide range of challenging tasks,including tool use,planning,utility inference,and social *** summary,we argue that the next generation of AI must embrace“dark”humanlike common sense for solving novel tasks.

关键词： Computer vision Artificial intelligence Causality Intuitive physics Functionality Perceived intent Utility

BRD7 plays an anti-inflammatory role during early acute inflammation by inhibiting activation of the NF-кB signaling pathway

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第10期14卷 830-841页

作者： Ran Zhao Yukun Liu Heran Wang Jing Yang Weihong Niu Songqing fan Wei Xiong Jian Ma Xiaoling Li joshua B Phillips Ming Tan Yuanzheng Qiu Guiyuan Li Ming Zhou Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Cancer Research Institute Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410078China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of EducationChangshaHunan 410078China The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410011China Mitchell Cancer Institute University of South AlabamaMobileAL 36604USA

Increasing evidence has shown a strong association between tumor-suppressor genes and ***,the role of BRD7 as a novel tumor suppressor in inflammation remains *** this study,by observing BRD7 knockout mice for 6–12 months,we discovered that compared with BRD7+/+mice,BRD7^(−/−)mice were more prone to inflammation,such as external inflammation and abdominal *** using mouse embryo fibroblast(MEF)cells from the BRD7 knockout mouse,an in vitro lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated MEF cell line was *** mRNA levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL-1)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)were significantly increased in BRD7^(−/−)MEF cells compared with BRD7+/+MEF cells after LPS stimulation for 1 or 6 *** addition,the cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB;p65)and an increased NF-κB reporter activity were observed in BRD7^(−/−)MEF cells at the 1 h time point but not at the 6 h time ***,an in vivo dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced acute colitis model was *** expected,the disease activity index(DAI)value was significantly increased in the BRD7^(−/−)mice after DSS treatment for 1–5 days,which was demonstrated by the presence of a significantly shorter colon,splenomegaly and tissue ***,higher expression levels of IL-6,TNF-α,p65,CXCL-1 and iNOS,and an increased level of NF-κB(p65)nuclear translocation were also found in the DSS-treated BRD7^(−/−)*** findings suggest that BRD7 has an anti-inflammatory role during early acute inflammation by inhibiting activation of the NF-кB signaling pathway,which provides evidence to aid in understanding the therapeutic effects of BRD7 on inflammatory diseases.

关键词： acute inflammation BRD7 DSS LPS NF-κB pathway

Cerebral small vessel disease modifies outcomes after minimally invasive surgery for intracerebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 446-456,I0147页

作者： Yunke Li Sung-Min Cho Radhika Avadhani Hassan Ali Yi Hao Santosh B Murthy joshua N Goldstein fan Xia Xin Hu Natalie L Ullman Issam Awad Daniel Hanley Wendy C Ziai The George Institute for Global Health BeijingChina Department of Neurology Division of Neurocritical CareJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Division of Brain Injury OutcomesJohns Hopkins Medical Institutions CampusBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery West China Hospital of MedicineChengduSichuanChina Department of Neurosurgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA

Background Minimally invasive surgery(MIS)for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)is controversial but may be beneficial if end-of-treatment(EOT)haematoma volume is reduced to≤15 *** explored whether MRI findings of cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)modify the effect of MIS on long-term *** Prespecified blinded subgroup analysis of 288 subjects with qualified imaging sequences from the phase 3 Minimally Invasive Surgery Plus Alteplase for Intracerebral Haemorrhage Evacuation(MISTIE)*** tested for heterogeneity in the effects of MIS and MIS+EOT volume≤15 mL on the trial’s primary outcome of good versus poor function at 1 year by the presence of single CSVD features and CSVD scores using multivariable *** Of 499 patients enrolled in MISTIE III,288 patients had MRI,149(51.7%)randomised to MIS and 139(48.3%)to standard medical care(SMC).Median(IQR)ICH volume was 42(30–53)*** the full MRI cohort,there was no statistically significant heterogeneity in the effects of MIS versus SMC on 1-year outcomes by any specific CSVD feature or by CSVD scores(all P_(interaction)>0.05).In 94 MIS patients with EOT ICH volume≤15 mL,significant reduction in odds of poor outcome was found with cerebral amyloid angiopathy score<2(OR,0.14(0.05–0.42);P_(interaction)=0.006),absence of lacunes(OR,0.37(0.18–0.80);P_(interaction)=0.02)and absence of severe white matter hyperintensities(WMHs)(OR,0.22(0.08–0.58);P_(interaction)=0.03).Conclusions Following successful haematoma reduction by MIS,we found significantly lower odds of poor functional outcome with lower total burden of CSVD in addition to absence of lacunes and severe *** features may have utility for prognostication and patient selection in clinical trials of MIS.

关键词： Surgery surgery absence

The role of earthquake-induced landslides in erosion and weathering from active mountain ranges:Progress and perspectives

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第12期64卷 2069-2082页

作者： Zhangdong JIN Robert G.HILTON Ajoshua WEST Gen K.LI Fei ZHANG Jin WANG Gaojun LI Xuanmei fan Meng-Long HSIEH State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Department of Geography Durham UniversityDurhamDH13LEUK Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089USA Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA91125USA School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Taiwan Chung Cheng UniversityChiayi600China

Earthquakes play a fundamental role in the evolution of Earth’s topography through co-seismic uplift and subsidence,as well as erosion through widespread landslides induced by ground ***-induced landslides can result in exceptional increases in the transfer of mass from landscapes,supplying sediment to rivers where impacts can last for decades or *** can also erode vegetation and soils,in addition to exposing freshly ground rock mass,which can both result in regionally significant carbon *** work has sought to quantify the fluxes,rates,and temporal patterns of the impacts on earth surface processes generated by these tectonic *** this review,we focus on the impacts of earthquake-induced landslides on erosion and sediment flux,river water chemistry,and carbon export through the lens of the well-studied 2008 Wenchuan *** then discuss these themes in the context of works from the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake,2015 Nepalese Gorkha earthquake,and New Zealand historical earthquakes,altogether highlighting an important role of earthquake-induced landslides in erosion and weathering along tectonically active mountain *** suggest that more monitoring,geochemical tracing,paleo-records,and/or modelling studies are needed to compare the processes and fluxes of catchment erosion and weathering before and after earthquake events,which will help to deepen our understanding not only of the impacts of earthquake-induced landslides on earth surface processes,but also the linkage among high magnitude events,continental erosion and weathering,and the long-term global carbon cycle.

关键词： Earthquake Erosion Chemical weathering The carbon cycle Tectonically active mountain ranges

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Reflection and Transmission Coefficients of the Symmetric Barrier-Type Shifted Deng–fan Potential

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第10期67卷 412-416页

作者： Oluwatimilehin joshua Oluwadare Kayode John Oyewumi Karl-Eric Thylwe Somayyeh Hassanabadi Department of Physics Federal University Oye-Ekiti Theoretical Physics Section Department of Physics University of Ilorin KTH-Mechanics Royal Institute of Technology Physics Department Semnan University

By applying continuity and boundary conditions, the reflection and transmission coefficients of one- dimensional time-independent Schr6dinger equation with a symmetric barrier-type shifted Deng-fan potential are ob- tained and discussed. The numerical and graphical results are very sufficient, accurate and consistent with the conser- vation of probability.

关键词： SchrSdinger equation symmetric barrier-type shifted Deng-fan potential transmission and re-flection coefficients

Combined action of MK-801 and ceftriaxone impairs the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference,and delays morphine extinction in rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2012年第5期28卷 567-576页

作者： Yaodong fan Haichen Niu joshua D. Rizak Ling Li Guimei Wang Liqi Xu He Ren Hao Lei Hualin Yu Department of Neurosurgery the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 650118 China State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Math-ematics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China Department of Medical Imaging Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region People's Liberation Army Kunming 650032 China Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming 650032 China

Objective It is well established that glutamate and its receptors, particularly the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （NMDAR）, play a significant role in addiction and that the inhibition of glutamatergic hyperfunction reduces addictive behaviors in experimental animals. Specifically, NMDAR antagonists such as MK-801, and an inducer of the expression of glutamate transporter subtype-1 （GLT-1）（ceftriaxone） are known to inhibit addictive behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the combined action of a low dose of MK-801 and a low dose of ceftriaxone provides better inhibition of the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference （CPP） than either compound alone. Methods A morphine-paired CPP experiment was used to study the effects of low doses of MK-801, ceftriaxone and a combination of both on reward-related memory （acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of morphine preference） in rats. Results A low dose of neither MK-801 （0.05 mg/kg, i.p.） nor ceftriaxone （25 mg/kg, i.p.） alone effectively impaired CPP behaviors. However, when applied in combination, they reduced the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP and completely prevented morphine reinstatement. Their combination also notably impaired the extinction of morphine-induced CPP. Conclusion The combined action of a low dose of an NMDAR antagonist （MK-801） and GLT-1 activation by ceftriaxone effectively changed different phases of CPP behavior.

关键词： ceftriaxone conditioned place preference morphine MK-801 glutamate transporter subtype-1

Design of a 10 kV SiC MOSFET-based high-density, high-efficiency, modular medium-voltage power converter

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iEnergy 2022年第1期1卷 100-113页

作者： Slavko Mocevic Jianghui Yu Boran fan Keyao Sun Yue Xu joshua Stewart Yu Rong He Song Vladimir Mitrovic Ning Yan Jun Wang Igor Cvetkovic Rolando Burgos Dushan Boroyevich Christina DiMarino Dong Dong Jayesh Kumar Motwani Richard Zhang Center for Power Electronics Systems(CPES) Bradley Departement of Electrical and Computer EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Center for Electromechanics(CEM) The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78758USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE 68588USA

Simultaneously imposed challenges of highvoltage insulation,high dv/dt,highswitching frequency,fast protection,and thermal management associated with the adoption of 10 kV SiC MOSFET,often pose nearly insurmountable barriers to potential users,undoubtedly hindering their penetration in mediumvoltage(MV)power *** novel technologies such as enhanced gatedriver,auxiliary power supply network,PCB planar dcbus,and highdensity inductor are presented,enabling the SiCbased designs in modular MV converters,overcoming aforementioned ***,purely substituting SiC design instead of Sibased ones in modular MV converters,would expectedly yield only limited ***,to further elevate SiCbased designs,novel highbandwidth control strategies such as switchingcycle control(SCC)and integrated capacitorblocked transistor(ICBT),as well as highperformance/highbandwidth communication network are *** these technologies combined,overcome barriers posed by stateoftheart Si designs and unlock system level benefits such as very high power density,highefficiency,fast dynamic response,unrestricted line frequency operation,and improved power quality,all demonstrated throughout this paper.

关键词： SiC MOSFET modular multilevel converter(MMC) switching-cycle control(SCC) integrated capacitor-blocked transistor(ICBT) PEBB medium-voltage(MV) high density high efficiency

Nano-Graphene Oxide for Cellular Imaging and Drug Delivery

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Nano Research 2008年第3期1卷 203-212页

作者： Xiaoming Sun Zhuang Liu Kevin Welsher joshua Tucker Robinson Andrew Goodwin Sasa Zaric Hongjie Dai Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Advanced Materials Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Two-dimensional graphene offers interesting electronic,thermal,and mechanical properties that are currently being explored for advanced electronics,membranes,and *** we synthesize and explore the biological applications of nano-graphene oxide(NGO),i.e.,single-layer graphene oxide sheets down to a few nanometers in lateral *** develop functionalization chemistry in order to impart solubility and compatibility of NGO in biological *** obtain size separated pegylated NGO sheets that are soluble in buffers and serum without *** NGO sheets are found to be photoluminescent in the visible and infrared *** intrinsic photoluminescence(PL)of NGO is used for live cell imaging in the near-infrared(NIR)with little *** found that simple physisorption viaπ-stacking can be used for loading doxorubicin,a widely used cancer drug onto NGO functionalized with antibody for selective killing of cancer cells in *** to its small size,intrinsic optical properties,large specifi c surface area,low cost,and useful non-covalent interactions with aromatic drug molecules,NGO is a promising new material for biological and medical applications.

关键词： Graphene oxide pegylation size separation cellular imaging drug delivery