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Nociceptors are needed to guide tooth development,function,repair,and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1503-1504页

作者： Sarah B.Peters joshua J.Emrick Division of Biosciences College of DentistryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences&Prosthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Toothaches have received widespread attention and commentary dating back to ancient times,appearing in Egyptian texts from over 3000 years ago and the writings of Hippocrates,Aristotle,and *** studies of the innervation of dental pulp and dentin date back to at least the 1800’s,yet our understanding of the basis for tooth pain is still *** treatments for toothache continue to be drastic and irreversible,including removal of the dental pulp or extraction of the *** the trigeminal sensory innervation of the tooth pulp is commonly the origin of toothache pain,it is also indispensable for normal function and physiology,and should be retained as an integral part of the repaired *** or regeneration of the dental pulp and its innervation could represent the next step in restorative dentistry,but a better understanding of the roles of the tooth’s sensory nerve supply and the mechanisms underlying its development and repair is needed.

关键词： function irreversible repair

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Current medical management of endocrine-related male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 357-363,I0007页

作者： joshua D Ring Aye A Lwin Tobias S Kohler Division of Urology Department of Surgery Southern Illinois University Springfield IL 62794 USA.

Male factor contributes to 50%-60% of overall infertility but is solely responsible in only 20% of couples. Although most male factor infertility is ascertained from an abnormal semen analysis, other male factors can be contributory especially if the sample returns normal. Male infertility can be due to identifiable hormonal or anatomical etiologies that may be reversible or irreversible. This manuscript will highlight existing guidelines and our recommendations for hormone evaluation for male infertility and empiric therapies including multivitamins, estrogen receptor modulators （clomiphene）, estrogen conversion blockers （anastrozole）, and hormone replacement.

关键词： anastrazole clomid human chorionic gonadotropin male infertility sex hormone-binding globulin

Low Thrust Minimum Time Orbit Transfer Nonlinear Optimization Using Impulse Discretization via the Modified Picard–Chebyshev Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2016年第1期111卷 1-27页

作者： Darin Koblick Shujing Xu joshua Fogel Praveen Shankar California State University-Long Beach CAUSA. Millennium Space Systems Inc. El SegundoCAUSA. Claremont Graduate University CAUSA. University of California-San Diego CAUSA. University of Southern California Los AngelesCAUSA.

The Modified Picard-Chebyshev Method(MPCM)is implemented as an orbit propagation solver for a numerical optimization method that determines minimum time orbit transfer trajectory of a satellite using a series of multiple impulses at intermediate *** waypoints correspond to instantaneous impulses that are determined using a nonlinear constrained optimization routine,SNOPT with numerical force models for both Two-Body and J2 *** is found that using the MPCM increases run-time performance of the discretized lowthrust optimization method when compared to other sequential numerical solvers,such as Adams-Bashforth-Moulton and Gauss-Jackson 8th order methods.

关键词： Low Thrust Picard–Chebyshev Optimization Multi-Impulse Boundary Value Problem.

Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for Alternate Food to Address Agricultural Catastrophes Globally

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 205-215页

作者： David C.Denkenberger joshua M.Pearce Global Catastrophic Risk Institute Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering Tennessee State University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University

The literature suggests there is about a 1 % risk per year of a 10 % global agricultural shortfall due to catastrophes such as a large volcanic eruption, a medium asteroid or comet impact, regional nuclear war, abrupt climate change, and extreme weather causing multiple breadbasket failures. This shortfall has an expected mortality of about 500 million people. To prevent such mass starvation, alternate foods can be deployed that utilize stored biomass. This study developed a model with literature values for variables and, where no values existed,used large error bounds to recognize uncertainty. Then Monte Carlo analysis was performed on three interventions: planning, research, and development. The results show that even the upper bound of USD 400 per life saved by these interventions is far lower than what is typically paid to save a life in a less-developed country. Furthermore, every day of delay on the implementation of these interventions costs 100–40,000 expected lives(number of lives saved multiplied by the probability that alternate foods would be required). These interventions plus training would save 1–300 million expected lives. In general, these solutions would reduce the possibility of civilization collapse, could assist in providing food outside of catastrophic situations, and would result in billions of dollars per year of return.

关键词： Agricultural catastrophe Alternate food Global catastrophic risk Intervention cost-effectiveness

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Exploration of channel width scaling and edge states in transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 1768-1774页

作者： Feng Zhang Chia-Hui Lee joshua A. Robinson Joerg Appenzeller Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Brick Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

We explore the impact of edge states in three types of transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, namely metallic Td-phase WTe2 and semiconducting 2H-phase MoTe2 and MoS2, by patterning thin flakes into ribbons with varying channel widths. No obvious charge depletion at the edges is observed for any of these three materials, in contrast to observations made for graphene nanoribbon devices. The semiconducting ribbons are characterized in a three-terminal field-effect transistor （FET） geometry. In addition, two ribbon array designs have been carefully investigated and found to exhibit current levels higher than those observed for conventional one-channel devices. Our results suggest that device structures incorporating a high number of edges can improve the performance of TMD FETs. This improvement is attributed to a higher local electric field, resulting from the edges, increasing the effective number of charge carriers, and the absence of any detrimental edge-related scattering.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D)-layered materials edge states WTe2 MoTe2 MoS2 channel width scaling

Synaptic electronics and neuromorphic computing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第6期59卷 56-81页

作者： Navnidhi K.UPADHYAY Saumil JOSHI J.joshua YANG Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts

In order to map the computing architecture and intelligent functions of the human brain on hardware, we need electronic devices that can emulate biological synapses and even neurons, preferably at the physical level. Beginning with the history of neuromorphic computation, in this article, we will briefly review the architecture of the brain and the learning mechanisms responsible for its plasticity. We will also introduce several memristive devices that have been used to implement electronic synapses, presenting some important milestones in this area of research and discussing their advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects.

关键词： memristors neuromorphic engineering RRAM synapses synaptic devices

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何谓新唯物主义:通向操演性新唯物主义

世界哲学 2024年第2期 33-45页

作者： [美]C.甘布 [美]J.哈南 [美]T.奈尔牛小雪(译) 华盛顿大学传播系丹佛大学传播系丹佛大学哲学系复旦大学哲学学院

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德... 详细信息

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德和柯比为代表的操演性新唯物主义。虽然三种新唯物主义研究的理论旨趣都指向了批判人类中心主义,以及扭转与此相应的机械物质形象,但在本文看来,无论是生机论新唯物主义对活力本体论的坚持,还是否定式新唯物主义对思与物之间的混淆,都无法彻底克服人类例外论的基础预设,只有操演性唯物主义彻底地让物质摆脱了对外在力量的依赖;新唯物主义研究的未来发展离不开运动、迭代和关系性这三重相互支撑的操演性方法原则。

关键词：生机论新唯物主义否定式新唯物主义操演性思辨实在论面向对象的本体论

Author Correction:Enhanced CD19 activity in B cells contributes to immunodeficiency in mice deficient in the ICF syndrome gene Zbtb24

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 100-100页

作者： Zhengzhou Ying Swanand Hardikar joshua B.Plummer Tewfik Hamidi Bin Liu Yueping Chen Jianjun Shen Yunxiang Mu Kevin M.McBride Taiping Chen Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA Program in Genetics and Epigenetics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Houston TX 77030 USA

In the sentence beginning‘To trace cell proliferation,FO and MZ B cells’and the sentence beginning‘For cell activation,naïve B cells or CH12F3 cells’in this article,the[10 ng/ml]‘F(ab’)_(2)fragment goat anti-mouse IgM’should have read‘10μg/ml F(ab’)_(2)fragment goat anti-mouse IgM’.The original article has been corrected.

关键词： immunodeficiency CD19 deficient

Medium-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides as feed additives for pig production:towards gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 611-625页

作者： joshua A.Jackman RDean Boyd Charles C.Elrod School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Hanor Company FranklinKY 42134USA North Carolina State University RaleighNC 27695USA Natural Biologics Inc. NewfieldNY 14867USA Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA.

Ongoing challenges in the swine industry,such as reduced access to antibiotics and virus outbreaks(e.g.,porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,African swine fever virus),have prompted calls for innovative feed additives to support pig ***-chain fatty acids(MCFAs)and monoglycerides have emerged as a potential option due to key molecular features and versatile functions,including inhibitory activity against viral and bacterial *** this review,we summarize recent studies examining the potential of MCFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives to improve pig gut health and to mitigate feed *** molecular properties and biological functions of MCFAs and monoglycerides are first introduced along with an overview of intervention needs at different stages of pig *** latest progress in testing MCFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives in pig diets is then presented,and their effects on a wide range of production issues,such as growth performance,pathogenic infections,and gut health,are *** utilization of MCFAs and monoglycerides together with other feed additives such as organic acids and probiotics is also described,along with advances in molecular encapsulation and delivery ***,we discuss how MCFAs and monoglycerides demonstrate potential for feed pathogen mitigation to curb disease *** forward,we envision that MCFAs and monoglycerides may become an important class of feed additives in pig production for gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation.

关键词： Antibiotics Feed pathogen mitigation Growth promotion Gut health Immune enhancement MCFA Medium-chain fatty acids Monoglycerides

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