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Laparoscopic liver resection in the cirrhotic patient

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 248-252页

作者： Ben Robichaux Jesse Sulzer joseph f.buell Department of Surgery Louisiana State University School of MedicineBaton RougeLA 70803USA Tulane Transplant Institute Departments of SurgeryTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Aim:The adoption of laparoscopic liver resection has been expansive in the last 2 decades with the exception of cirrhotic *** current study examines the outcomes of our cirrhotic resections to determine the potential limitations of this ***:Retrospective analysis of 114 cirrhotic ***-five(65.8%)laparoscopic resections were compared to 39 open ***-six(66.7%)resections in the series were minor resections(less than 3 segments).Surgical approach and extent of resection were analyzed using student’s t test and regression multivariate analysis with ***:The laparoscopic group had lower operative times(2.4 vs.4.8 h;Pf stay(4.4 vs.10.1 days;P=0.013)a nd c omplications(28%vs.48%;P=0.028).Subset analysis by technique and extent of resection identified the laparoscopic group lost the advantage in blood loss and lengths of stay when utilized in major *** regression analysis for blood loss further confirmed open resection(P=0.014)a nd major resection(P=0.026)a s significant i ndicators of bleeding and ***:Laparoscopic liver resection in cirrhotic patients is safe and ***,the significant variability in outcomes for major resections in cirrhotics leads us to recommend further examination of the learning curve and significant caution in the selection of cirrhotics requiring major hepatic resections.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection cirrhosis complications outcomes

Effect of obesity on perioperative outcomes after laparoscopic hepatectomy

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 323-327页

作者： Seeyuen J.Lee Adam Hauch Erica Kane Christoper DuCoin Michael Darden Geoffrey Parker Emad Kandil joseph f.buell Departments of Surgery Louisiana State University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA Departments of Surgery Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Economics Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA Tuck School of Business Administration Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH 03755USA

Aim:Laparoscopic hepatectomy is increasing in utilization,however the procedure has not been adequately examined in the obese *** study aims to analyze the effect of obesity on perioperative outcomes after laparoscopic ***:Retrospective analysis of 396 laparoscopic hepatectomies in normal[body mass index(BMI)factors for post-operative ***:Normal BMI(n=78;20%),overweight(n=209;52%),obese(n=86;22%),and severely obese(n=23;6%).Demographics were similar except for a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score in the obese *** blood loss and operating time were greatest in the overweight group,while length of stay and complications were statistically similar between *** analysis identified that complications were associated with weight class,ASA score,blood loss,and resection;multivariate analysis revealed ASA and transfusion were best correlated with ***:Obese and overweight patients have similar complication profiles to normal BMI patients while severely obese patients have a higher incidence of complications that are primarily limited to Clavien-Dindo class I and II.

关键词： Liver resection laparoscopy obesity

The evolving role of laparoscopic ablation

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Hepatoma Research 2015年第1期1卷 49-49页

作者： joseph f.buell Tulane Transplant Institute Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

In the last two decades,the etiology of hepatocellular cancer has shifted from hepatitis B to hepatitis C with the incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)rising *** sudden rise in NASH and newly diagnosed cases of hepatocellular cancer may represent the tip of an *** recommendations for patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C infections should be screened with routine use of *** this Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results,data would suggest that the average size of newly diagnosed hepatocellular cancer is beyond the Milan criteria at the time of *** the setting of fatty liver disease and NASH,an early serologic diagnosis is not evident.

关键词： routine diagnosis cancer

Portal vein thrombosis in liver transplantation: radiologic evaluation, risk factors, and occult diagnosis

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 36-41页

作者： Adam Hauch Carl Winkler Eric Katz Peter W.Lundberg Mary Killackey Anil S.Paramesh Luis A.Balart Nathan J.Shores Martin Moehlen Ward Miller Douglas P.Slakey joseph f.buell Bob H.Saggi Tulane Transplant Institute Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Gastroenterology Section of HepatologyTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Aim:Portal vein thrombosis(PVT)in the liver transplant recipient poses many ***,the risk factors and effects on outcomes of PVT are not ***:This study analyzed the experience with PVT in liver transplant program from 2007 to *** included the effectiveness of PVT diagnostics and its risk factors using logistical *** primary endpoints were Kaplan-Meir patient and graft *** secondary endpoints were the length of stay(LOS),transfusion rate,and overall *** predictors of survival were identified using a Cox’s proportional hazards ***:Two hundred and sixteen consecutive liver transplant recipients were examined,and 30(13.8%)had either a total or partial *** hundred and five patients had imaging within 1 year of liver transplantation with only 7(23.3%)of the 30 PVTs identified *** sensitivity(4.8-50%)and negative predictive values(10.5-22.2%)were ***,age significantly predicted PVT[P=0.037/hazard ratio(HR)=0.95].Ninety-day-patient and graft survival for PVT was similar at 6 months,although 1-year survival was significantly lower.“Occult”PVT was not associated with inferior *** for end-stage liver disease score>25(P=0.001,HR=0.49/P=0.004,HR=0.52)and age>60 years(P=0.017,HR=0.64/P=0.013,HR=0.67)were significant predictors of patient and graft *** the transfusion rate was significantly greater with PVT,LOS,and morbidity were ***:Older recipients had a greater likelihood of *** studies were not effective at excluding PVT,and occult diagnosis did not affect the *** was not an independent predictor of mortality or graft loss,but was associated with greater blood loss but not increased LOS or morbidity.

关键词： Advanced age graft survival patient survival post-transplant outcomes resource utilization

Recovery of rare and precious metals from urban mines —— A review

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frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第5期11卷 3-19页

作者： Mengmeng Wang Quanyin Tan joseph f. Chiang Jinhui Li Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua University) Ministry of Education of China School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry State University of New York College at Oneonta Oneonta NY 13820 USA

Urban mining is essential for continued natural resource extraction. The recovery of rare and precious metals （RPMs） from urban mines has attracted increasing attention from both academic and industrial sectors, because of the broad application and high price of RPMs, and their low content in natural ores. This study summarizes the distribution characteristics of various RPMs in urban mines, and the advantages and shortcomings of various technologies for RPM recovery from urban mines, including both conventional （pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and biometallurgical processing）, and emerging （electrochemical, supereritieal fluid, mechanochemical, and ionic liquids processing） technologies. Mechanical/physical technologies are commonly employed to separate RPMs from nonmetallic components in a pre-treatment process. A pyrometallurgical process is often used tbr RPM recovery, although the expensive equipment required has limited its use in small and medium-sized enterprises. Hydrometallurgical processing is effective and easy to operate, with high selectivity of target metals and high recovery efficiency of RPMs, compared to pyrometallurgy. Biometallurgy, though, has shown the most promise for leaching RPMs from urban mines, because of its low cost and environmental friendliness. Newly developed technologies electrochemical, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and mechanochemical have offered new choices and achieved some success in laboratory experiments, especially as efficient and environmentally friendly methods of recycling RPMs. With continuing advances in science and technology, more technologies will no doubt be developed in this field, and be able to contribute to the sustainability of RPM mining.

关键词： Rare and precious metals (RPMs) Distribution characteristics Recycling technology Emerging technology Supercritical fluid

Stem cell biology in thyroid cancer: Insights for novel therapies

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第5期6卷 614-619页

作者： Parisha Bhatia Koji Tsumagari Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed Paul friedlander joseph f.buell Emad Kandil Departments of Surgery Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA 70112 United States Departments of Otolaryngology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA 70112 United States

Currently, thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine cancer in the United States. A recent involvement of sub-population of stem cells, cancer stem cells, has been proposed in different histological types of thyroid cancer. Because of their ability of self-renewal and differentiation into various specialized cells in the body, these putative cells drive tumor genesis, metastatic activity and are responsible to provide chemo- and radioresistant nature to the cancer cells in the thyroid gland. Our Review was conducted from previously published literature to provide latest apprises to investigate the role of embryonic, somatic and cancer stem cells, and discusses the hypothesis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Different methods for their identification and isolation through stemness markers using various in vivo and in vitro methods such as flow cytometry, thyrosphere formation assay, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 efflux-pump mediated Hoechst 33342 dye exclusion have been discussed. The review also outlines various setbacks that still remain to target these tumor initiating cells. future perspectives of therapeutic strategies and their potential to treat advanced stages of thyroid cancer are also disclosed in this review.

关键词： Stem cells Cancer Stem cells Thyroid Neoplasms Carcinogenesis Cell Differentiation Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition

Compost Input Effect on Dryland Wheat and forage Yields and Soil Quality

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 451-462页

作者： francisco J. CALDERON Merle f. VIGIL joseph BENJAMIN United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Central Great Plains Research Station Akron80720 CO( USA)

Organic agricultural systems rely on organic amendments to achieve crop fertility requirements, and weed control must be achieved without synthetic herbicides. Our objective was to determine the crop yield and soil quality as affected by a transition from grass to dryland organic agriculture in the Central Great Plains of North America. This study evaluated three beef feedlot compost(BfC)treatments in 2010–2015 following biennial application rates: 0(control), 22.9, and 108.7 t ha^(-1) on two dryland organic cropping systems: a wheat(Triticum aestivum)-fallow(Wf) rotation harvested for grain and a triticale(Triticosecale)/pea(Pisum sativum)-fallow(T/P-f) rotation harvested for forage. The triticale + pea biomass responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BfC treatment,but not the 22.9-t ha^(-1) BfC treatment. The wheat biomass was not affected by BfC addition, but biomass N content *** feedlot compost input did not increase wheat grain yields, but had a positive effect on wheat grain Zn content. Soil total C and N contents increased with the rate of 108.7 t ha^(-1) BfC after three applications, but not with 22.9 t ha^(-1) BfC. Soil enzyme activities associated with N and C cycling responded positively to the 108.7-t ha^(-1) BfC treatment. Saturated salts were high in the soil receiving 108.7 t ha^(-1) of BfC, but did not affect crop yields. These results showed that BfC was effective in enhancing forage yields, wheat grain quality, and soil C and N, as well as specific microbial enzymes important for nutrient cycling. However, the large rates of BfC necessary to elicit these positive responses did not increase grain yields, and resulted in an excessive buildup of soil P.

关键词： organic agriculture soil C soil enzyme activity soil N pea triticale

Towards real-time pilot-in-the-loop CfD simulations of helicopter/ship dynamic interface

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2017年第4期8卷 64-88页

作者： Ilker Oruc joseph f.Horn Jeremy Shipman Susan Polsky Department of Aerospace Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802USA CRAfT Tech PipersvillePA 18947USA NAVAIR Paxutent RiverMD 20670USA

This study presents the development of computationally efficient coupling of Navier–Stokes Computational fluid Dynamics(CfD)with a helicopter flight dynamics model with the ultimate goal of real-time simulation of airwake effects in the helicopter/ship Dynamic Interface(DI).The flight dynamics model is free to move within a computational domain,where the main rotor forces are converted to source terms in the momentum equations of the CfD solution using an actuator disk ***,the CfD solver calculates induced velocities that are fed back to the simulation and affect the aerodynamic loads in the flight *** CfD solver models the inflow,ground effect and interactional aerodynamics in the flight dynamics simulation,and these calculations can be coupled with the solution of the external flow(e.g.,ship airwake effects).The simulation framework for fully-coupled pilot-in-the-loop(PIL)flight dynamics/CfD is demonstrated for a simplified shedding *** tests were performed with 0.38 million structured grid cells running on 352 processors and showed near-real-time *** to the coupling interface are described that allow the simulation run at near-real-time execution speeds on currently available computing *** in computing hardware are expected to allow real-time simulations.

关键词： Real-time pilot-in-the-loop computational fluid dynamics(CfD) flight dynamics simulation ship airwake dynamic interface helicopter flight dynamics simulation fully-coupled helicopter/ship

Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody J.Salzmann joseph E.Kaiser Shannon C.f.Smith Department of Aquaculture and fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P flected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river