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Historical origins of current IbD concepts

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 175-184页

作者： joseph b.kirsner The Louis block Distinguished Service Professor of Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of Chicago

INTRODUCTIONThe“nonspecific” inflammatory bowel diseases ,ulcerative colitis and Crohn,s represent a group of heterogeneous inflammatory and ulcerative disases of the small and large intestines of unknown etiology ,associated with many gastrointestinal and systemic complications .Appearing initially as isolated cases in Great britain and northern Europe during the 19th and early 20th centuries ,they have steadily increased numerically and geographically and today are recognized worldwide.

关键词： Colitis, Ulcerative Crohn Disease History, 16th Century History, 17th Century History, 18th Century History, 19th Century History, 20th Century Humans

blossoming of gastroenterology during the twentieth century

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第11期10卷 1541-1542页

作者： joseph b.kirsner The Louis block Distinguished Service Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine-Section of GastroenterologyThe University of ChicagoIL 60637USA

Awareness of the digestive system began with the dawn of civilization, when man observing the feeding habits of animalsin the surrounding environment, experimented with foods, edible and inedible. Identity came with discoveries of the digestive organs during the 16^th and 17^th centuries. Function was revealed by physiologic studies of digestion, absorption and secretion, metabolism, and motility during the 18^th and 19^th centuries. Diagnostic access improved with the technological advances of the 20^th century. Understanding of gastrointestinal (GI) disease followed growth of the basic sciences and gastroenterology's increased involvement in scientific research during the 20^th century.

关键词： biotechnology Gastroenterology History, 20th Century

The treatment of the“untreatable”patient-revisited

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 885-887页

作者： joseph b. kirsner The Louis block Distinguished Service Professor of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyDepartment of Medicineuniversity of ChicagoUSA

The limits of medicine have not yet been reached. Numerous human illnesses initially thought to be incurable are reversible under unique and unpredictable individual *** paper, and the preceding companion publication,describes instances of the successful treatment of patients previously labeled as untreatable, including instances of severe ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

关键词：消化道疾病难治性疾病急性溃疡性大肠炎克隆病综述

Extended quantum molecular dynamics model predicts new breathing modes in^(36)Ar bubble nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第10期35卷 1-3页

作者： joseph b.Natowitz Department of Chemistry and Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

In theoretical investigations of^(36)Ar published by Ge Ren et al.(Phys Lett b 138990,2024),^(36)Ar bubble nuclei,char acterized by central density depletions,were studied using the extended quantum molecular dynamics *** novel density distributions—microbubble,bubble,and cluster resonances—were identified,each showing distinc spectral signatures in the gamma-ray decay spectrum o the isoscalar monopole resonance.

关键词： bubble quantum dynamics

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溃疡性结肠炎

英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第7期20卷 387-392页

作者： Alexander C Ford Paul Moayyedl Steven b Hanauer joseph b.kirsner 谭蓓吴东 Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St James's University Hospital Leeds LS9 7TF UK Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine Leeds University Leeds UK McMaster University Medical Centre Hamilton ON Canada University of Chicago 5481 S Maryland Ave Chicago IL USA 北京协和医院消化科

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerativecolitis，uc）是一种消化道炎症性疾病，病变主要位于结直肠。UC好发于青年人，发达国家的人群患病率较高。UC表现为结直肠弥漫性、连续性浅表炎症，以及相应的组织学改变。下消化道内镜或影像检查可以明确诊... 详细信息

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerativecolitis，uc）是一种消化道炎症性疾病，病变主要位于结直肠。UC好发于青年人，发达国家的人群患病率较高。UC表现为结直肠弥漫性、连续性浅表炎症，以及相应的组织学改变。下消化道内镜或影像检查可以明确诊断。目前尚未发现UC的明确病因，其发病机制与遗传易感个体的结肠内环境变化有关，具有慢性、终身、易复发的病程特点。

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎治疗方法消化系统医疗卫生行业

Physiological Mechanism of Salicylic Acid for Alleviation of Salt Stress in Rice

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Rice science 2017年第2期24卷 97-108页

作者： D.JINI b.joseph Department of biotechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli 627012Tamil NaduIndia Dean Centre for Research and ConsultancyHindustan University/Institute of Technology and SciencePadurKelambakkamChennai 603103Tamil NaduIndia

Soil salinity is one of the most important problems of crop production in estuarine and coastal zones. Improvement in salt tolerance of major food crops is an important way for the economic utilization of coastal zones. This study proved that the application of salicylic acid(SA) improved the growth and yield under salt stress conditions and investigated its physiological mechanisms for salt tolerance. The investigation on the effect of SA for salt tolerance during germination showed that the decreased rates of germination and growth(in terms of shoot and root lengths) by the salt stress were significantly increased by the SA application(SA + NaCl). The treatment of SA to the high and low saline soils enhanced the growth, yield and nutrient values of rice. The effects of SA on Na^+, K^+ and Cl~– ionic accumulation were traced under salt stress condition by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and ion chromatography. It was revealed that the increased accumulation of Na^+ and Clˉ ions by the salt stress were reduced by SA application. An increased concentration of endogenous SA level was detected from the SA-treated rice varieties(ASD16 and bR26) by liquid chromatography electrospray Ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were increased by salt stress whereas decreased by the SA application. The study proved that the application of SA could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress by the regulation of physiological mechanism in rice plants. In spite of salt stress, it can be applied to the coastal and estuarine regions to increase the rice production.

关键词： salicylic acid salt tolerance Oryza sativa NaCl germination physiology

Genomic insights into hybridization in a localized region of sympatry between pewee sister species(Contopus sordidulus × C. virens) and their chromosomal patterns of differentiation

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Chinese birds 2016年第1期7卷 48-55页

作者： joseph D.Manthey Mark b.Robbins biodiversity Institute University of Kansas Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology University of Kansas

background: The Great Plains of the United States includes a large number of hybrid and contact zones between bird species. The amount of gene flow between sister species in these zones ranges from very rare hybridization events to widespread and prevalent introgression. Some of these avian systems have been studied extensively, while others have been indeterminate of whether hybridization exists in areas of sympatry. Using genomic-level approaches allows investigation of genomic patterns of hybridization and gene flow between species—or lack ***: We investigated a narrow zone of sympatry in Nebraska, USA between pewee species(Contopus sordidulus and C. virens), for which no hybridization has been confirmed. We used thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms to identify potential hybridization and investigate genomic patterns of differentiation between these two ***: We found evidence of multiple hybrid individuals in the contact zone. Little genomic variation was fixed between species, but a large proportion had differentiated allele frequencies between species. There was a positive relationship between genetic differentiation and chromosome ***: We provided the first conclusive evidence of hybridization between C. sordidulus and C. virens, in a region where secondary contact likely occurred due to human disturbance and habitat modification. The genomic patterns of differentiation affirm that these species split in the relatively recent past. Finally, the relationship of chromosome size and genetic differentiation may have resulted from differential rates of chromosomal recombination in songbirds and genetic differentiation between species largely due to genetic drift(possibly in concert with selection).

关键词： Contact zone Hybrid zone Hybridization Chromosomal patterns Next-generation sequencing Contopus North America

Abstract security patterns and the design of secure systems

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Cybersecurity 2022年第3期5卷 1-17页

作者： Eduardo b.Fernandez Nobukazu Yoshioka Hironori Washizaki joseph Yoder Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFLUSA GRACE Center National lnstitute of lnformaticsTokyoJapan Waseda University TokyoJapan The Refactory IncUrbanaILUSA

During the initial stages of software development,the primary goal is to define precise and detailed requirements without concern for software *** constraints should be introduced then and must be based on the semantic aspects of applications,not on their software architectures,as it is the case in most secure development *** these stages,we need to identify threats as attacker goals and indicate what conceptual security defenses are needed to thwart these goals,without consideration of implementation *** can consider the effects of threats on the application assets and try to find ways to stop *** threats should be controlled with abstract security mechanisms that can be realized by abstract security patterns(ASPs),that include only the core functions of these mechanisms,which must be present in every implementation of *** abstract security pattern describes a conceptual security mechanism that includes functions able to stop or mitigate a threat or comply with a regulation or institutional *** describe here the properties of ASPs and present a detailed *** relate ASPs to each other and to Security Solution Frames,which describe families of related *** show how to include ASPs to secure an application,as well as how to derive concrete patterns from ***,we discuss their practical value,including their use in“security by design”and IoT systems design.

关键词： Security patterns Secure software development Security requirements Secure software architecture loT systems design

Impact of nanoparticles on immune cells and their potential applications in cancer immunotherapy

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bIOCELL 2024年第11期48卷 1579-1602页

作者： JYOTHI b.NAIR ANU MARY joseph SANOOP P MANU M.joseph Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 9Jena07745Germany Serah Zines LLP SreeragamNaduvannor P.O.KozhikkodeKerala673614India Department of Chemistry Newman CollegeThodupuzhaKerala685585India Department of Chemistry Madanapalle Institute of Technology&Science(MITS)MadanapalleChittoorAndhra Pradesh517325India Department of Life Sciences CHRIST UniversityBengaluruKarnataka560029India

Nanoparticles represent a heterogeneous collection of materials,whether natural or synthetic,with dimensions aligning in the *** of their intense manifestation with the immune system,they can be harvested for numerous bio-medical and biotechnological advancements mainly in cancer *** review article aims to scrutinize various types of nanoparticles that interact differently with immune cells like macrophages,dendritic cells,T lymphocytes,and natural killer(NK)*** also underscores the importance of knowing how nanoparticles inﬂuence immune cell functions,such as the production of cytokines and the presentation of antigens which are crucial for effective cancer *** overviews of bio-molecular mechanisms are *** can improve antigen presentation,boost T-cell responses,and overcome the immunosuppressive tumor *** regulatory mechanisms,signaling pathways,and nanoparticle characteristics are also presented for a comprehensive *** review the nanotechnology platform options and challenges in nanoparticlesbased immunotherapy,from an immunotherapy perspective including precise targeting,immune modulation,and potential toxicity,as well as personalized approaches based on individual patient and tumor *** development of emerging multifunctional nanoparticles and theranostic nanoparticles will provide new solutions for the precision and efﬁciency of cancer therapies in next-generation practice.

关键词： Nanotechnology Macrophages Dendritic cells Antigen presentation T lymphocytes