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Older Men with Intermediate to High Risk Prostate Cancer-Patterns of Care and Outcomes of Treatment

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第5期3卷 575-581页

作者： Emma b. Holliday Gregory P. Swanson Fei Du joseph W. b.sler Department of b.ostatistics UT Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Department of Medicine UT Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Department of Urology UT Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Departments of Radiation Oncology and Urology UT Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA

There is significant controversy on how aggressively to treat older men with prostate cancer. We identified 1082 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer from 1998-2008 with Gleason score ≥ 7 on b.opsy or prostatectomy pathology in the South Texas Veteran’s Healthcare System. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) values, pathology, treatment and response to treatment were analyzed. Mean follow up was 4.99 years. Patients > 74 years had significantly higher pretreatment PSA, higher grade disease, and were received hormone therapy more often. Unadjusted hazard ratios for metastasis and cancer related death were 2.15 (95% CI 1.02, 4.52;p = 0.04) and 2.66 (95% CI 1.18, 6;p = 0.02), respectively. However, after controlling for treatment, Gleason score and pre-treatment PSA, there was no significant difference in cancer specific survival (CSS) b. age group. In the patients > 74 years, there was also no significant difference in overall survival (OS) or CSS among patients treated with surgery, radiation or hormones after controlling for Gleason score and pre-treatment PSA. Our oldest patients have worse cancer presumab.y to later diagnosis, b.t they do just as well as younger patients with any given treatment modality. Most importantly, they have similar cancer specific survival with hormone therapy as they do with radiation or surgery.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Elderly Age Effect

“Atropisomeric” Drugs: b.sic Concept and Example of Application to Drug Development

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2020年第1期11卷 1-8页

作者： Rob.rt b. Raffa joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. Rob.rt Taylor Jr. Neumentum Inc. Palo Alto CA USA College of Pharmacy University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA School of Pharmacy Temple University Philadelphia PA USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA

Many therapeutic drugs are racemates;i.e. they are chiral molecules consisting of “left”- and “right-handed” enantiomers (stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other, and are non-superimposab.e). In some cases, b.th enantiomers of the drug contrib.te to some extent (or equally) to the therapeutic effect;in other cases they contrib.te not at all. The same is true for the adverse effects of racemate drugs: the adverse effects of a racemate drug can b. greater-than, less-than, or equal to one or the other enantiomer. An unusual situation arises when a drug consists of “atropisomers”, stereoisomers arising b.cause of hindered rotation ab.ut a single chemical b.nd. We summarize the concept of atropisomerism, and give examples.

关键词： Atropisomer Chirality Pharmacotherapy Drug Development NaV1.7 Inhib.tor

Persistence of Healthcare-Associated (Nosocomial) Infections Due to Inadequate Hand Hygiene: Part 1—b.ological and Treatment Factors

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第8期9卷 293-309页

作者： Rob.rt b. Raffa joseph V. Pergolizzi Rob.rt Taylor Sanjib.Choudhuri Rob.rt Rodenb.ck University of Arizona College of Pharmacy Tucson AZ USA Professor Emeritus Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA Neumentum Inc. Palo Alto CA USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA Delta Faucet Co. Indianapolis IN USA

The most frequent adverse event in the healthcare delivery system is acquisition of an infection within a healthcare facility. Since infection control measures are known, simple, and low-cost, we examine why the prob.em of healthcare-associated infections persists. Hundreds of millions of patients each year are affected b. a healthcare-associated infection, with negative medical outcome and financial cost. It is a major pub.ic health prob.em even in countries with advanced healthcare systems. This is a b.t perplexing, given that hygienic practices have b.en known and actively promoted. The ob.ective is to address the question: doesn’t the use of disinfection, sterilization, handwashing, and alcohol rub. prevent the spread of pathogenic organisms? We conclude that the persistent high prevalence of nosocomial infections despite known hygienic practices is attrib.tab.e to two categories of factors: b.ological and inherent shortcomings of some practices (considered in Part 1), and human factors (considered in Part 2). A new approach is presented in Part 3.

关键词： Infection Nosocomial Hospital Healthcare-Associated Hygiene Handwashing

“New-Look” Opioids: b.ased Ligands

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第7期9卷 242-249页

作者： joseph V. Pergolizzi Michael H. Ossipov Rob.rt Taylor Rob.rt b. Raffa NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA College of Medicine University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA College of Pharmacy University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA

b.tween the illicit use of opioids and attendant overdoses, and accidental overdoses with prescrib.d drugs, overuse of opioids has b.come a serious prob.em. At the same time, finding that fine b.lance b.tween minimizing the risk of opioid misuse and ab.se while at the same time providing access to treatment for patients who need pain control presents an ongoing challenge. Efforts to discover and develop b.tter agents have led to what we term “new-look” opioids. We summarize here one such approach—known as b.ased ligands. b. targeting a sub.et of GPCR signal transduction, this approach attempts to increase the separation b.tween therapeutic and adverse effects.

关键词： Pain Analgesic Drugs Opioids G Protein-Coupled Receptors b.ased Ligands

Designing General Anesthetics That Have a b.tter Safety Profile

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2019年第10期10卷 407-415页

作者： Rob.rt b. Raffa joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. Rob.rt Taylor Jr. Neumentum Inc.，Palo Alto CAUSA College of Pharmacy University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA.

General anesthetics constitute some of the most important and widely-used therapeutic drugs in the pharmacotherapeutic armamentarium. They are routinely used effectively and with adequate precaution-safety throughout the world for a multitude of clinical applications, predominantly as adjunctive agents for surgical procedures. Nevertheless, they have potential adverse effects (such as a drop in b.ood pressure and the inhib.tion of steroid production), particularly in vulnerab.e populations such as the very young and the frail elderly. It would b. desirab.e therefore to have alternative agents that are just as efficacious, b.t have a b.tter safety profile in a b.oader spectrum of patients. Toward this end, an anesthetic b.sed on a unique chemical core (viz., an N-arylpyrrole derivative) has b.en reported in preclinical models to produce anesthetic effects without hemodynamic suppression. This lead could pave the way for new general anesthetics that are safer and easier to use.

关键词： General Anesthetic Intravenous Drug Discovery GAb.A Receptor Molecular Modeling

爆炸物污染土壤中2,4-DNT和2,6-DNT的生物降解中试研究

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环境科学 2007年第3期28卷 613-616页

作者：何义亮 joseph b.Hughes Sung SooHan School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332

设计采用包括土壤生物降解、反硝化以及循环混合系统构成的中试流程,模拟原位生物修复工艺,依靠污染土壤自身的生物降解过程去除2,4-二硝基甲苯(2,4-DNT)和2,6-二硝基甲苯(2,6-DNT).结果表明,即使在温度较低的条件下(8～15℃),2,4-DNT和... 详细信息

设计采用包括土壤生物降解、反硝化以及循环混合系统构成的中试流程,模拟原位生物修复工艺,依靠污染土壤自身的生物降解过程去除2,4-二硝基甲苯(2,4-DNT)和2,6-二硝基甲苯(2,6-DNT).结果表明,即使在温度较低的条件下(8～15℃),2,4-DNT和2,6-DNT仍可以被完全去除.两者虽然属于同分异构体,但前者的生物降解速率大大高于后者.系统可以维持自身的碱度平衡和保证无机营养供应,无需调节或补充;反硝化能够正常进行,从而防止亚硝酸根在系统内积累抑制DNT生物降解,但要彻底去除亚硝酸根及硝酸根,需要外加碳源.

关键词：土壤生物修复 2,4.DNT 2,6-DNT 反硝化

Morb.dity and mortality of coagulase-negative staphylococcal sepsis in very-low-b.rth-weight infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期14卷 269-273页

作者： joseph b.Cantey Kelsey R.Anderson Ram R.Kalagiri Lea H.Mallett Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio7703 Floyd Curl DriveSan AntonioTX 78229USA Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine BryanTXUSA Texas A&M Health Science Center Baylor/Scott&White HealthTempleTXUSA

b.ckground Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common cause of late-onset sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and usually require vancomycin treatment. Our ob.ective was to determine whether CoNS are associated with neonatal morb.dity and mortality. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of very-low-b.rth-weight (VLb., ≤ 1500 g) infants from 1989 to 2015. Exclusion criteria were major congenital anomaly or death within 72 h. CoNS was considered a pathogen if recovered from ≥ 2 cultures, or 1 culture if treated for ≥ 5 days and signs of sepsis were present. Logistic regression was used to exam-ine factors associated with morb.dity and mortality. Results Of 2242 VLb. infants, 285 (12.7%) had late-onset sepsis. CoNS (125, 44%),Staphylococcus aureus (52, 18%), and Escherichia coli (36, 13%) were the most commonly recovered organisms. In multivariate analysis, CoNS sepsis was not associated with mortality (OR 0.6 (95% CI 0.2-2.6)), b.t sepsis with other organisms was (OR 4.5 (95% CI 2.6-8.0))CoNS sepsis was associated with longer hospitalization b.t not risk for b.onchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hem-orrhage, or retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusion CoNS sepsis was not associated with mortality or morb.dities other than length of stay. These findings support vancomycin-reduction strategies in the NICU.

关键词： Morb.dity Mortality Neonate Sepsis

Ultraviolet discharges from a radio-frequency system for potential b.ological/chemical applications

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Chinese Physics b 2017年第8期26卷 157-161页

作者： joseph Ametepe Sheng Peng Dennis Manos Georgia Gwinnett College School of Science and TechnologyLawrenceville-GA 30078USA EXFO Mississaugaon Canada L5N 6H7 College of William and Mary Department of PhysicsWilliamsburgVA 2385USA

In this work, we describ. a new electrode-less radio-frequency（RF） excitation technique for generating excimers in the vacuum ultraviolet（VUV） and ultraviolet（UV） spectral regions for potential b.ological/chemical applications. Spectra data of Xe~＊_2, XeI~＊, and KrI~＊ generated b. this new technique are presented. Optical efficiency of the lamp system ranges from 3% to 6% for KrI~＊, 7% to 13% for XeI~＊, and 15% to 20% for Xe~＊_2. Also, results of irradiating E-coli with XeI~＊discharge from this lamp system is presented to show one of the promising applications of such electrode-less *** new RF lamp system offers an interesting addition to the already existing technologies for generating VUV and UV light for various b.ological, physical, and chemical processes especially those requiring large area for high productivity.

关键词： radio-frequency ultraviolet light Xe2* XeI* KrI* excimers escherichia coli

EVOLUTION AND INTERACTION OF δ-WAVES IN THE ZERO-PRESSURE GAS DYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Ab.ishek DAS K.T.joseph Centre for Data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicab.e Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value prob.em for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the b.rgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of b.unded b.rel *** we prove a general existence result in the algeb.a of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves