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Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake Pad Application:An overview

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 485-511页

作者： joseph o.d.risu Imhade P.okokpujie olufunmilayo o.joseph Sunday o.oyedepo oluwasegun Falodun Lagouge K.Tartibu Firdaussi d.Shehu department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant UniversityOtaOgunNigeria department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering AFE Babalola UniversityAdoEkitiNigeria department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2028South Africa School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friendly products has gained global *** natural fibres and pulverized metallic waste becomes necessary to reduce noxious environmental emissions due to indiscriminately occupying the *** study reviews the literature in the broad area of green composites in search of materials that can be used in automotive brake *** made by biocomposite,rather than fossil fuels,will be favoured.A database containing the tribo-mechanical performance of numerous potential components for the future green composite was established using the technical details of bio-polymers and natural *** development of materials with diverse compositions and varying proportions is now conceivable,and these materials can be permanently connected in fully regulated *** explanation demonstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient,resistance to wear from friction and high temperatures,and the operating life of brake pads to varying *** this study,renewable materials for the matrix and reinforcement are screened to determine which have sufficient strength,coefficient of friction,wear resistance properties,and reasonable costs,making them a feasible option for a green *** most significant,intriguing,and unusual materials used in manufacturing brake pads are gathered in this review,which also analyzes how they affect the tribological characteristics of the pads.

关键词： Asbestos brake pad biocomposites green composite mechanical properties natural reinforcement waste

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Colorectal resections for malignancy: A pilot study comparing conventional vs freehand robot-assisted laparoscopic colectomy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 488-494页

作者： Shamir o Cawich joseph Martin Plummer Sahle Griffith Vijay Naraynsingh department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt AugustineTrinidad and Tobago department of General Surgery and Consultant General and Colorectal Surgeon Department of SurgeryUniversity of the West IndiesKingstonKIN7Jamaica department of Surgery Queen Elizabeth HospitalBridgetownBarbados department of Surgery Port of Spain General HospitalPort of SpainTrinidad and Tobago

BACKGRoUNd Laparoscopic colectomy is widely accepted as a safe operation for colorectal cancer,but we have experienced resistance to the introduction of the FreeHandffrobotic camera holder to augment laparoscopic colorectal *** To compare the initial results between conventional and FreeHandffrobot-assisted laparoscopic colectomy in Trinidad and *** This was a prospective study of outcomes from all laparoscopic colectomies per-formed for colorectal carcinoma from November 29,2021 to May 30,*** following data were recorded:operating time,conversions,estimated blood loss,hospitalization,morbidity,surgical resection margins and number of nodes *** data were entered into an excel database and the data were analyzed using SPSS ver *** There were 23 patients undergoing colectomies for malignant disease:8(35%)FreeHandff-assisted and 15(65%)conventional laparoscopic *** were no *** time was significantly lower in patients under-going robot-assisted laparoscopic colectomy(95.13±9.22 vs 105.67±11.48 min;P=0.045).otherwise,there was no difference in estimated blood loss,nodal harvest,hospitalization,morbidity or *** The FreeHandffrobot for colectomies is safe,provides some advantages over conventional laparoscopy and does not compromise oncologic standards in the resource-poor Caribbean setting.

关键词： Laparoscopic Colectomy Robot Surgery Minimally invasive

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Elucidating the degradation Pathways of Human Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 288-299页

作者： Andrew Fagan Lorraine M.Bateman joseph P.o'Shea Abina M.Crean SSPC the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of Pharmacy University College Cork Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF) University College Cork School of Chemistry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the development of peptide oral dosage forms in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and commercial success of approved peptides such as Rybelsus?, there remain several barriers in the way of broad range applicability of this approach to peptide delivery. one such barrier includes the poor physical and chemical stability inherent to their structures, which persists in the solid state although degradation typically occurs at different rates and via different pathways in comparison to the solution state. Using insulin as a model peptide, this work sought to contribute to the development of analytical techniques for investigating common insulin degradation pathways. Chemically denatured,deamidated and aggregated samples were prepared and used to benchmark circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse phase HPLC and size exclusion chromatography methods for the investigation of unfolding, chemical modifications and covalent aggregation of the insulin molecule respectively. Solid state degraded samples were prepared by heating insulin powder at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation profiles of the samples were evaluated and compared with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deamidation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for separation of the insulin A-and B-chains,offering a facile yet novel means of assessing the mechanisms of deamidation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： Biopharmaceutical analysis Covalent aggregation deamidation disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

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EVoLUTIoN ANd INTERACTIoN oFδ-WAVES IN THE ZERo-PRESSURE GAS dYNAMICS SYSTEM

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第5期44卷 1801-1836页

作者： Abhishek dAS K.T.joseph Centre for data Science Institute of Technical Education and Research(ITER)Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)BhubaneswarOdisha751030India Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchSharada NagarBangalore560065KarnatakaIndia

Evolution and interaction of plane waves of the multidimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics system leads to the study of the corresponding one dimensional *** this paper,we study the initial value problem for one dimensional zero-pressure gas dynamics *** the first equation is the Burgers equation and the second one is the continuity *** consider the solution with initial data in the space of bounded Borel *** we prove a general existence result in the algebra of generalized functions of *** we study in detail special solutions withδ-measures as initial *** study interaction of waves originating from initial data concentrated on two point sources and interaction with classical shock/rarefaction *** gives an understanding of plane-wave interactions in the multidimensional *** use the vanishing viscosity method in our analysis as this gives the physical solution.

关键词： zero-pressure gas dynamics delta-waves interaction of waves

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2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： disability Exercise MET Mobility

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1213-1223页

作者： joseph Edwin Kanu Jonathan Soldera Post Graduate Program at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom

BACKGRoUNd Helicobacter pylori(***)infects over half the global population,causing gastrointestinal diseases like dyspepsia,gastritis,duodenitis,peptic ulcers,GMALT lymphoma,and gastric *** *** is crucial for treating and preventing these *** conventional proton pump inhibitor(PPI)-based triple therapy is effective,there’s growing interest in longer acid suppression *** competitive acid blocker(P-CAB)triple and dual therapy are new regimens for *** *** used in Asian populations,vonoprazan(VPZ)has been recently Food and drug Administration-approved for *** *** To assess the efficacy of regimens containing P-CABs in eradicating *** *** This study,following PRISMA 2020 guidelines,conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEdLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or observational studies with the following command:[("Helicobacter pylori"oR"H pylori")ANd("Treatment"oR"Therapy"oR"Eradication")ANd("Vonaprazan"oR"Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker"oR"P-CAB"oR"PCAB"oR"Revaprazan"oR"Linaprazan"oR"Soraprazan"oR"Tegoprazan")].Studies comparing the efficacy of P-CABs-based treatment to classical PPIs in eradicating *** were *** criteria included case reports,case series,unpublished trials,or conference *** variables encompassed age,diagnosis method,sample sizes,study duration,intervention and control,and *** eradication method were gathered by two independent ***-analysis was performed in R software,and forest plots were *** A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search ***,fifteen studies(7 RCTs,7 retrospective observational studies,and 1 comparative unique study)were included,comparing P-CAB triple therapy to PPI triple *** intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients,with 4471 in the P-CAB intervention g

关键词： Helicobacter pylori infection Potassium competitive acid blockers Proton pump inhibitors Vonoprazan Amoxicillin

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Stability and Time-Step Constraints of Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta Methods for the Linearized Korteweg-de Vries Equation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 658-687页

作者： joseph Hunter Zheng Sun Yulong Xing department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA department of Mathematics The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA

This paper provides a study on the stability and time-step constraints of solving the linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation,using implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)time integration methods combined with either finite difference(Fd)or local discontinuous Galerkin(dG)spatial *** analyze the stability of the fully discrete scheme,on a uniform mesh with periodic boundary conditions,using the Fourier *** the linearized KdV equation,the IMEX schemes are stable under the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)conditionτ≤λ***,λis the CFL number,τis the time-step size,and h is the spatial mesh *** study several IMEX schemes and characterize their CFL number as a function ofθ=d/h^(2)with d being the dispersion coefficient,which leads to several interesting *** also investigate the asymptotic behaviors of the CFL number for sufficiently refined meshes and derive the necessary conditions for the asymptotic stability of the IMEX-RK *** numerical experiments are provided in the paper to illustrate the performance of IMEX methods under different time-step constraints.

关键词： Linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation Implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)method Stability Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)condition Finite difference(Fd)method Local discontinuous Galerkin(dG)method

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Wan-Yee joseph Lau:the promoter of modernization and internationalization of Chinese surgery

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oncology and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 1-3页

作者： Wan-Yee joseph Lau Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

To my knowledge,there have been 3 books[1–3]and 2 book chapters written about me.[4–5]For those who are interested in the details of my life,please refer to these books/book *** title of this article is an English translation of the title of the book I refer to as reference 1,which I find appropriate to describe the role that I play in China.

关键词： please details translation

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Monogenic diabetes in children:An underdiagnosed and poorly managed clinical dilemma

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World Journal of diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1051-1059页

作者： Saptarshi Bhattacharya joseph M Pappachan department of Endocrinology Indraprastha Apollo HospitalsDelhi 110076India department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Monogenic diabetes,constituting 1%-2%of global diabetes cases,arises from single gene defects with distinctive inheritance *** over 50 associated genetic disorders,accurate diagnoses and management of monogenic diabetes remain inadequate,underscoring insufficient clinician *** disease spectrum encompasses maturity-onset diabetes of the young(ModY),characterized by distinct genetic mutations affecting insulin secretion,and neonatal diabetes mellitus(NdM)-a heterogeneous group of severe hyperglycemic disorders in *** diabetes,autoimmune monogenic diabetes,genetic insulin resistance and lipodystrophy syndromes further diversify the monogenic diabetes landscape.A tailored approach based on phenotypic and biochemical factors to identify candidates for genetic screening is recommended for suspected cases of *** diagnosis warrants immediate molecular genetic testing for infants under six *** these genetic defects presents a unique opportunity for precision *** research aimed to develop cost-effective genetic testing methods and gene-based therapy can facilitate appropriate identification and optimize clinical *** and study of new genes offer a valuable opportunity to gain deeper insights into pancreatic cell biology and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying common forms of *** clinical review published in the recent issue of World Journal of diabetes is such an attempt to fill-in our knowledge gap about this enigmatic disease.

关键词： Monogenic diabetes Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Neonatal diabetes Mitochondrial diabetes Insulin resistance syndromes Genetic testing Next generation sequencing

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Periodontitis:An often-neglected complication of diabetes

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World Journal of diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： Marina G Kudiyirickal joseph M Pappachan Primary Care dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2dM)and periodontitis is now well established,resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th major complication of diabetes mellitus(dM)after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular *** can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral microbial flora aggravating the local inflammation and infection in those with periodontal *** the other hand,the chemical and immunological mediators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflammation worsen the systemic insulin resistance with worsening of *** if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of diabetes examined the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with *** prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this *** on logistic regression analysis,the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency[odds ratio(oR)=4.3],high triglycerides(TG;oR=3.31),high total cholesterol(TC;oR=2.87),higher glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c;oR=2.55),and higher age(oR=1.05)while higher education level was protective(oR=0.53).However,the most influential variables were HbA1c followed by age,TC,TG,low education level,brushing frequency,and sex on the random forest model(this model showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk).A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2dM patients is important in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to improve periodontal health and enable long-term glycaemic control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： diabetes mellitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease Glycaemic control

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