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Biom.chanics associated with tibial stress fracture in runners:A system.tic review and m.ta-analysis

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 333-342页

作者： Clare E.m.lner Eric Foch joseph m.Gonzales Drew Petersen Departm.nt of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19102USA Departm.nt of Health Sciences Central Washington UniversityEllensburgWA 98926USA

Background:Tibial stress fracture(TSF)is an overuse running injury with a long recovery *** m.ny running studies refer to biom.chanical risk factors for TSF,only a few have com.ared biom.chanics in runners with TSF to *** aim.of this system.tic review and m.ta-analysis was to evaluate biom.chanics in runners with TSF com.ared to ***:Electronic databases Pubm.d,Web of Science,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,Cochrane,and CINAHL were *** of bias was assessed and m.ta-analysis conducted for variables reported in 3 or m.re ***:The search retrieved 359 unique records,but only the 14 that com.ared runners with TSF to controls were included in the *** studies were retrospective,2 were prospective,and m.st had a sm.ll sam.le size(5-30 per group).m.ny variables were not significantly different between ***-analysis of peak im.act,active,and braking ground reaction forces found no significant differences between *** studies found larger tibial peak anterior tensile stress,peak posterior com.ressive stress,peak axial acceleration,peak rearfoot eversion,and hip adduction in the TSF ***:m.ta-analysis indicated that discrete ground reaction force variables were not statistically significantly different in runners with TSF com.ared to *** individual included studies,m.ny biom.chanical variables were not statistically significantly different between ***,m.ny were reported by only a single study,and sam.le sizes were *** encourage additional studies with larger sam.le sizes of runners with TSF and controls and adequate statistical power to confirm.or refute these findings.

关键词： Bone stress injury Gait Kinem.tics Kinetics Tibial acceleration

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Enhancing the dissolution of phenylbutazone using Syloid based m.soporous silicas for oral equine applications

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Journal of Pharm.ceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 181-186页

作者： Laura J. Waters John P. Hanrahan joseph m. Tobin Catherine V. Finch Gareth m.B. Parkes Sham.uddeen A. Ahm.d Faraj m.ham.ad m.ria Saleem School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK Glantreo Ltd ERI Building Lee Road Cork City T23 XE1O Ireland

Three m.soporous silica excipients （Syloid~ silicas AL-1 FR XDP 3050 and XDP 3150） were form.lated with a m.del drug known for its poor aqueous solubility, nam.ly phenylbutazone, in an attem.t to enhance the extent and rate of drug dissolution. Although other form. of m.soporous silica have been investigated in previous studies, the effect of inclusion with these specific Syloid silica based excipients and m.re interestingly, with phenylbutazone, is unknown. This work reports a significant enhancem.nt for both the extent and rate of drug release for all three form. of Syloid silica at a 1：1 drug：silica ratio over a period of 30 m.n. An explanation for this increase was determ.ned to be conversion to the am.rphous form.and an enhanced drug loading ability within the pores. Differences between the release profiles of the three silicas were concluded to be a consequence of the physicochem.cal differences between the three form.. Overall, this study confirm. that Syloid silica based excipients can be used to enhance dissolution, and potentially therefore bioavailability, for com.ounds with poor aqueous solubility such as phenylbutazone. In addition, it has been confirm.d that drug release can be carefully tailored based on the choice of Syloid~ silica and desired release profile.

关键词： Dissolution Syloid silicas Drug-loading Phenylbutazone Solubility

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State of the HIV, Hepatitis B and C Virus Pandem.c from.2003 to 2022 in Burkina Faso: Evolution of Prevalence Trends and Strategic Recom.endations to Achieve the WHO’s Goal for Their Eradication by 2030

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 628-643页

作者： Abdou Azaque Zouré Christelle Nadem.ega Djénéba Ouerm. Abdoul Karim.Ouattara Lassina Traoré Adam. Tiem.oré Olivier Sawadogo Théodora m. Zohoncon Florencia W. Djigm. Jacques Sim.ore Cerba-Labiogene Group Centre de Recherche Biom.lculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie m.lculaire et de Gntique (LABIOGENE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga Burkina Faso Departm.nt of Biom.dical Hpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Departm.nt of Biology Universit Norbert Zongo/Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso Departm.nt of m.them.tic Universit de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Faculty of m.dicine University Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the hum.n im.unodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The m.in objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. m.thods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from.2003 to 2022. The data were collected using inform.tion available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was perform.d using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 sam.les and the m.an age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from.2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recom.ended by the WHO by 2030.

关键词： HIV Viral Hepatitis B and C WHO’s 2030 Goal Burkina Faso

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m.chanistic considerations for the use of m.noclonal antibodies for cancer therapy

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Cancer Biology & m.dicine 2014年第1期11卷 20-33页

作者： Patrick m.Glassm.n joseph P.Balthasar Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University at Buffalo The State University of New York

Since the approval of rituxim.b in 1997, m.noclonal antibodies(m.bs) have becom. an increasingly im.ortant com.onent of therapeutic regim.ns in oncology. The success of m.bs as a therapeutic class is a result of great strides that have been m.de in m.lecular biology and in biotechnology over the past several decades. Currently, there are 14 approved m.b products for oncology indications, and there are ten additional m.bs in late stages of clinical trials. Com.ared to traditional chem.therapeutic agents, m.bs have several advantages, including a long circulating half-life and high target specificity. Antibodies can serve as cytotoxic agents when adm.nistered alone, exerting a pharm.cologic effect through several m.chanism. involving the antigen binding(Fab) and/or Fc dom.ins of the m.lecule, and m.bs m.y also be utilized as drug carriers, targeting a toxic payload to cancer cells. The extrem.ly high affinity of m.bs for their targets, which is desirable with respect to pharm.codynam.cs(i.e., contributing to the high therapeutic selectivity of m.b), often leads to com.lex, non-linear, target-m.diated pharm.cokinetics. In this report, we sum.arize the pharm.cokinetic and pharm.codynam.cs of m.bs that have been approved and of m.bs that are nearing approval for oncology indications, with particular focus on the m.lecular and cellular m.chanism. responsible for their disposition and efficacy.

关键词： Antibodies m.noclonal oncology pharm.cokinetics pharm.codynam.cs

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Functional attributes of two subtropical shrubs and im.lications for the distribution and m.nagem.nt of endangered bird habitat

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第6期8卷 578-592页

作者： Genie m.Flem.ng joseph m.Wunderle Jr David N.Ewert joseph J.O’Brien Eileen H.Helm.r Puerto Rican Conservation Foundation PO Box 362495San JuanPR 00936USA International Institute of Tropical Forestry USDA Forest ServiceSabana Field Research StationHC 02 Box 6205LuquilloPR 00773-1377USA The Nature Conservancy 101 East Grand RiverLansingMI 48906USA Center for Forest Disturbance Science USDA Forest Service320 Green StAthensGA 30602USA

Aim. The fruits of Erithalis fruticosa *** Lantana involucrata *** im.ortant in the diet of u federally endangered Kirtland’s Warblers(Setophaga kirtlandii)wintering in the baham.s *** two shrubs occur in tropical and subtropical dry forests,including forests that have been subjected to recent *** their im.ortance to the endangered warbler,the disturbance ecology of these shrubs is poorly *** sought to determ.ne,based on functional characteristics of the plants,whether their presence is favored by a particular type or regim. of *** We used data from.field experim.nts(seed broadcasting and shrub cutting)conducted on the island of Eleuthera,The baham.s to determ.ne m.chanism. of and conditions favoring establishm.nt and persistence(‘vital attributes’)of *** and ***,which enabled categorization according to the plant functional types defined by Noble and slatyer(1980).We then com.ared hypothesized distributions of these plant functional types am.ng different anthropogenic disturbance regim.s to observed distribu-tions of *** and *** in order to identify distur-bance regim.s m.st likely to produce habitat used by Kirtland’s *** Findings *** and *** were functionally categorized as widely dispersed but largely shade intolerant species capable of establishing or regenerating individuals after disturbance via both seeds and vegetative *** hypothesized and observed distribution patterns indicated the shrubs were favored by a regim. of frequent disturbance producing open canopy and ground *** the anthropogenic disturbances we exam.ned,areas of large-scale land clearing com.ined with subsequent goat graz-ing m.st often supported *** and ***,while the shrubs were relatively rare in burned *** the plant functional type fram.work in com.ination with field data to evaluate predictions of species occur

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance black torch plant functional type vital attributes wild sage

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m.nagem.nt of diabesity:Current concepts

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第4期14卷 396-411页

作者： m.ria m.chaelidou joseph m.Pappachan m.ham.ad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology&m.tabolism University Hospitals of EdinburghEdinburgh EH164SAUnited Kingdom

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing rapidly with an exponential rise in incidence of type 2 diabetes m.llitus in recent years.‘Diabesity’,the term.coined to show the strong interlink between obesity and diabetes,is the direct cons-equence of the obesity pandem.c,and poses significant challenges in the m.nagem.nt of the *** addressing the clinical and m.chanistic com.lications of obesity such as m.tabolic-associated fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnoea,a rational m.nagem.nt algorithm.for diabesity cannot be *** classes of anti-diabetic m.dications including insulins,sulphonylureas,thiazolidinediones and m.glitinides are associated with the risk of weight gain and m.y potentially worsen ***,appropriate selection of antidiabetic drug regim.n is crucial in the m.dical m.nagem.nt of *** role of non-pharm.cological m.asures such as dietary adjustm.nts,exercise interventions and bariatric procedures should also be ***,the im.ortance of appropriate and optim.l m.nagem.nt of diabesity is often overlooked by m.dical professionals when achieving adequate glycem.c control which results in inappropriate m.nagem.nt of the disease and its *** review provides a narrative clinical update on the evidence behind the m.nagem.nt of diabesity.

关键词： Obesity Diabesity m.tabolic-associated fatty liver disease Antidiabetic m.dications Glycem.c control m.tabolic surgery

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Childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis:a disease with m.ny faces

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第6期15卷 536-545页

作者： Alexander K.C.Leung joseph m.Lam.Kin Fon Leong Departm.nt of Pediatrics The University of Calgaryand The Alberta Children's Hospital#20023316th Avenue NWCalgaryAB T2M 0H5Canada Departm.nt of Pediatrics University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Departm.nt of Derm.tology and Skin Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Pediatric Institute Kuala Lumpur General HospitalKuala LumpurMalaysia

Background Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH)is a group of diseases characterized by the proliferation and accum.lation of Langerhans *** presentations of LCH vary *** sources A Pubm.d search was conducted using Clinical Queries with the key term."Langerhans cell histiocytosis".The search strategy included m.ta-analyses,random.zed controlled trials,clinical trials,observational studies,and *** paper is based on,but not lim.ted to,the search *** Generally,patients with LCH can be divided into two groups based on the extent of involvem.nt at diagnosis,nam.ly,single-system.LCH and m.ltisystem.*** involvem.nt m.y be unifocal or *** with isolated bone lesions typically present between 5 and 15 years of age,whereas those with m.ltisystem.LCH tend to present before 5 years of *** clinical spectrum.is broad,ranging from.an asym.tom.tic isolated skin or bone lesion to a life-threatening m.ltisystem.*** m.nifestations include,am.ng others,"punched out" lytic bone lesion,seborrheic derm.titis-like erup-tion,erythem.tous/reddish-brown crusted/scaly papules/m.culopapules/plaques/patches,and eczem.tous lesions,diabetes insipidus,hepatosplenom.galy,cytopenias,lym.hadenopathy,and an acute fulm.nant dissem.nated m.ltisystem.condition presenting with fever,skin rash,anem.a,throm.ocytopenia,lym.hadenopathy,and *** diagnosis is clinicopathologic,based on typical clinical findings and histologic/im.unohistochem.cal exam.nation of a biopsy of lesional *** CD1a,S100,and/or CD207(Langerin)im.unohistochem.cal staining of lesional cells is required for a definitive *** waiting is recom.ended for patients with skin-only *** with sym.tom.tic or refractory skin-only LCH m.y be treated with topical tacrolim.s/corticosteroids,topical nitrogen m.stard,oral m.thotrexate,or oral *** current recom.ended first-line therapy for patients with m.ltisystem.LCH i

关键词： Cytopenia Diabetes insipidus Eczem.tous lesions Hepatosplenom.galy Lym.hadenopathy Seborrheic derm.titis-like eruption

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A cost-effective m.thod to enhance adenoviral transduction of prim.ry m.rine osteoblasts and bone m.rrow strom.l cells

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Bone Research 2016年第2期4卷 91-100页

作者： Atum.m.Buo m.rk S William. Jaclyn P Kerr joseph P Stains Departm.nt of Orthopaedics University of Maryland School of Medicine Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Im.unology University of Maryland School of Medicine

We report here a m.thod for the use of poly-L-lysine （PLL） to m.rkedly im.rove the adenoviral transduction efficiency of prim.ry m.rine osteoblasts and bone m.rrow strom.l cells （Bm.Cs） in culture and in situ, which are typically difficult to transduce. We show by fluorescence m.croscopy and flow cytom.try that the addition of PLL to the viral-containing m.dium.significantly increases the num.er of green fluorescence protein （GFP）-positive osteoblasts and Bm.Cs transduced with an enhanced GFP-expressing adenovirus. We also dem.nstrate that PLL can greatly enhance the adenoviral transduction of osteoblasts and osteocytes in situ in ex vivo tibia and calvaria, as well as in long bone fragm.nts. In addition, we validate that PLL can im.rove routine adenoviral transduction studies by perm.tting the use of low m.ltiplicities of infection to obtain the desired biologic effect. Ultim.tely, the use of PLL to facilitate adenoviral gene transfer in osteogenic cells can provide a cost-effective m.ans of perform.ng efficient gene transfer studies in the context of bone research.

关键词： A cost-effective m.thod to enhance adenoviral transduction of prim.ry m.rine osteoblasts and bone m.rrow strom.l cells PLL bone

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Clinical im.lications of COVID-19 in patients with m.tabolicassociated fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第3期29卷 487-502页

作者： m.ham.ad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen Rahul Chaudhari joseph m.Pappachan Sherouk Fouda Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism University Hospitals of EdinburghEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298United States Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom School of Health and Biom.dical Sciences RMIT UniversityMelbourne VICAustralia

People across the world are affected by the"coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)",brought on by the"SARS-CoV type-2 coronavirus".Due to its high incidence in individuals with diabetes,m.tabolic syndrom.,and m.tabolic-associated fatty liver disease(m.FLD),COVID-19 has gained m.ch *** m.tabolic syndrom.'s hepatic m.nifestation,m.FLD,carries a significant risk of *** link between the above two conditions has also drawn increasing consideration since m.FLD is intricately linked to the obesity *** of the m.tabolic syndrom.,m.FLD m.y im.act the severity of the viral infections,including COVID-19 or m.y even be a risk *** im.ortant question is whether the present COVID-19 pandem.c has been fueled by the obesity and m.FLD *** liver m.rkers are seen elevated in *** patients with associated com.rbid conditions like obesity,cardiovascular disease,renal disease,m.lignancy,hypertension,and old age are prone to develop severe *** is an urgent need for m.re studies to determ.ne the link between the two conditions and whether it m.ght account for racial differences in the m.rtality and m.rbidity rates linked to *** role of innate and adaptive im.unity alterations in m.FLD patients m.y influence the severity of *** review investigates the im.lications of COVID-19 on liver injury and disease severity and *** also addressed the severity of COVID-19 in patients with prior m.FLD and its potential im.lications and therapeutic adm.nistration in the clinical setting.

关键词： m.tabolic-associated fatty liver disease COVID-19 m.tabolic syndrom. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Angiotensin converting enzym. 2

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Advances in im.uno-oncology biom.rkers for gastroesophageal cancer:program.ed death ligand 1,m.crosatellite instability,and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2686-2697页

作者： Em.ly m.Lin Jun Gong Sam.el J Klem.ner joseph Chao Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology and Developm.ntal Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute Los AngelesCA 90404United States Sam.el Oschin Com.rehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

Blockade of the program.ed death ligand 1(PD-L1) and program.ed cell death 1(PD-1) receptor axis represents an effective form.of cancer im.unotherapy. Preclinical evidence initially suggested that gastric and gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) cancers are potentially im.unotherapy-sensitive tum.rs. Early phase clinical trials have dem.nstrated prom.sing antitum.r activity with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in advanced or m.tastatic gastric/GEJ cancer. m.crosatellite instability(m.I) and PD-L1 expression have been shown to predict higher response to PD-1 inhibitors as highlighted by the recent approvals of pem.rolizum.b in treatm.ntrefractory solid tum.rs with m.I status and the thirdline or greater treatm.nt of PD-L1 positive advanced gastric/GEJ cancers. However, predictive and prognostic biom.rkers rem.in an ongoing need. In this review, we detail the preclinical evidence and early tissue biom.rker analyses illustrating potential predictive biom.rkers to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer. We also review the clinical developm.nt of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric/GEJ cancer and highlight several areas in need of future investigation in order to optim.ze the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer.

关键词： Im.unotherapy program.ed cell death 1 program.ed death ligand 1 m.crosatellite instablility Gastric cancer

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