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Enabling IoT Network Slicing with Network Function Virtualization

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Advances in Internet of Things 2020年第3期10卷 17-35页

作者： Ting-An Tsai Fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Numerous Internet of Things (IoT) devices are being connected to the net-works to offer services. To cope with a large diversity and number of IoT ser-vices, operators must meet those needs with a more flexible and efficient net-work architecture. Network slicing in 5G promises a feasible solution for this issue with network virtualization and programmability enabled by NFV (Net-work Functions Virtualization). In this research, we use virtualized IoT plat-forms as the Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) and customize network slices enabled by NFV with different QoS to support various kinds of IoT services for their best performance. We construct three different slicing systems including: 1) a single slice system, 2) a multiple customized slices system and 3) a single but scalable network slice system to support IoT services. Our objective is to compare and evaluate these three systems in terms of their throughput, aver-age response time and CPU utilization in order to identify the best system de-sign. Validated with our experiments, the performance of the multiple slicing system is better than those of the single slice systems whether it is equipped with scalability or not.

关键词： NFV NFV MANO Network Slicing Scalability IoT OpenStack Kubernetes

Coordinated Management of 5G Core Slices by MANO and OSS/BSS

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2021年第6期9卷 52-72页

作者： Wei-Cheng Chang Fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

To manage and orchestrate Network Slices (NSs) for 5G Core (5GC), the MANO (MANagement and Orchestration) framework is proposed by European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI). In most research testbeds, MANO systems such as Tacker, OSM and ONAP are used to initiate network slices. However, this doesn’t comply with the 3GPP 5G standards as MANO should only be responsible for dynamic management of NSs, and the static management such as provisioning or unprovisioning a network slice should be left to OSS/BSS (Operation/Business Support System). Thus, in our testbed, an integrated architecture was designed in which the management of network slices will be coordinated by both MANO and OSS/BSS. MANO would handle on-boarding, instantiating, scaling and terminating of network slices while OSS/BSS is responsible for static management of slices including provisioning and unprovisioning of network slices. To evaluate our system, it was compared with the management systems equipped with only OSS/BSS or MANO in order to analyze the shortfalls of those systems when used to deploy network slices. Through this analysis, this research confirms the necessity of applying both OSS/BSS and MANO for the coordinated management of 5G core slices as adopted by 3GPP.

关键词： Network Slice 5G MANO OSS/BSS Network Management

Evaluating Dedicated Slices of Different Configurations in 5G Core

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2021年第7期9卷 55-72页

作者： Yu-Herng Chai Fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Network slicing is one of the most important concepts in 5G networks. It is enabled by the Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technology to allow a set of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) to be interconnected to form a Network Service (NS). When network slices are created in 5G, some are shared among different 5G services while the others are dedicated to specific 5G services. The latter are called dedicated slices. Dedicated slices can be constructed with different configurations. In this research, dedicated slices of different configurations in 5G Core were evaluated in order to discover which one would perform better than the others. The performance of three systems would be compared: 1) Free5GC Stage 2 with each dedicated slice consisting of only UPF;2) Free5GC Stage 3 with each dedicated slice consisting of only UPF;3) Free5GC Stage 3 with each dedicated slice consisting of both SMF and UPF in terms of their registration time, response time, throughput, resource cost, and CPU utilization. It is shown that not one of the above systems will always be the best choice;based on the requirements, a specific system may be the best under a specific situation.

关键词： Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Next Generation Networking Resource Management Network Slice Dedicated Slice Free5GC

Tackling IoT Scalability with 5G NFV-Enabled Network Slicing

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Advances in Internet of Things 2021年第3期11卷 123-139页

作者： Pei-Hsuan Lee Fuchun joseph lin Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan

With emerging large volume and diverse heterogeneity of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the one-size-fits-all design of the current 4G networks is no longer adequate to serve various types of IoT applications. Consequently, the concepts of network slicing enabled by Network Function Virtualization (NFV) have been proposed in the upcoming 5G networks. 5G network slicing allows IoT applications of different QoS requirements to be served by different virtual networks. Moreover, these network slices are equipped with scalability that allows them to grow or shrink their instances of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) when needed. However, all current research only focuses on scalability on a single network slice, which is the scalability at the VNF level only. Such a design will eventually reach the capacity limit of a single slice under stressful incoming traffic, and cause the breakdown of an IoT system. Therefore, we propose a new IoT scalability architecture in this research to provide scalability at the NS level and design a testbed to implement the proposed architecture in order to verify its effectiveness. For evaluation, three systems are compared for their throughput, response time, and CPU utilization under three different types of IoT traffic, including the single slice scaling system, the multiple slices scaling system and the hybrid scaling system where both single slicing and multiple slicing can be simultaneously applied. Due to the balanced tradeoff between slice scalability and resource availability, the hybrid scaling system turns out to perform the best in terms of throughput and response time with medium CPU utilization.

关键词： NFV NFV MANO Network Slicing Fifth Generation Networking Scalability IoT

The Roles of 5G Mobile Broadband in the Development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud and SDN

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Communications and Network 2016年第1期8卷 9-21页

作者： Bao-Shuh Paul lin Fuchun joseph lin Li-Ping Tung Microelectronics & Information Research Center National Chiao Tung University Taiwan College of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

The fast technology development of 5G mobile broadband (5G), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics (Big Data), Cloud Computing (Cloud) and Software Defined Networks (SDN) has made those technologies one after another and created strong interdependence among one another. For example, IoT applications that generate small data with large volume and fast velocity will need 5G with characteristics of high data rate and low latency to transmit such data faster and cheaper. On the other hand, those data also need Cloud to process and to store and furthermore, SDN to provide scalable network infrastructure to transport this large volume of data in an optimal way. This article explores the technical relationships among the development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud, and SDN in the coming 5G era and illustrates several ongoing programs and applications at National Chiao Tung University that are based on the converging of those technologies.

关键词： 5G Internet of Things (IoT) Software Defined Networks (SDN) Big Data Analytics Cloud Computing

Enhancing Cloud-Based IoT/M2M System Scalability by Dynamic Network Slicing

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Communications and Network 2020年第3期12卷 122-154页

作者： David de la Bastida Fuchun joseph lin EECS International Graduate Program National Chiao Tung University Taiwan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

With ever-increasing applications of IoT, and due to the heterogeneous and bursty nature of these applications, scalability has become an important research issue in building cloud-based IoT/M2M systems. This research proposes a dynamic SDN-based network slicing mechanism to tackle the scalability problems caused by such heterogeneity and fluctuation of IoT application requirements. The proposed method can automatically create a network slice on-the-fly for each new type of IoT application and adjust the QoS characteristics of the slice dynamically according to the changing requirements of an IoT application. Validated with extensive experiments, the proposed mechanism demonstrates better platform scalability when compared to a static slicing system.

关键词： Internet of Things Platform Virtualization Quality of Service Scalability Software Defined Networking

Evaluation of 5G Core Slicing on User Plane Function

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Communications and Network 2021年第3期13卷 79-92页

作者： Cheng-Chin Tsai Fuchun joseph lin Hiroshige Tanaka Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan Okinawa Open Laboratory NTT Communications Corporation Okinawa Japan

Network slicing is one of the most important features in 5G which enables a large variety of services with diverse performance requirements by network virtualization. Traditionally, the network can be viewed as a one-size-fits-all slice and its services are bundled with proprietary hardware supported by telecom equipment providers. Now with the network virtualization technology in 5G, open networking software can be deployed flexibly on commodity hardware to offer a multi-slice network where each slice can offer a different set of network services. In this research, we propose a multi-slice 5G core architecture by provisioning its User Plane Functions (UPFs) with different QoS requirements. We compare the performance of such a multi-slice system with that of one-size-fits-all single slice architecture under the same resource assignment. Our research objective is to compare the performance of a network slicing architecture with that of a “one-size-fits-all” architecture and validate that the former can achieve better performance with the same underlying infrastructure. The results validate that our proposed system can achieve better performance by slicing one UPF into three with proper resource allocation.

关键词： Network Slicing NFV 5G User Plane Function QoS

Aldosteronoma causing Conn’s syndrome: a case report and literature review

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Health 2009年第4期1卷 269-273页

作者： Hsin-Hui Shao Hock-Liew Eng Wen-Sheng Huang joseph Nybo lin 不详

We report a case of primary aldosteronism caused by bilateral solitary aldosteronomas occurring 6 months apart, the diagnosis being confirmed by clinical features. Multiple aldos-terone-producing adenomas can be unilateral or bilateral. If bilateral, most of them are found simultaneously. Bilateral solitary aldosterono-mas occurring at separate times are rarely re-ported and the pathogenesis is still elusive. We believe, from this case, the postoperative fol-low-up in patients with primary aldosteronism is mandatory.

关键词： Adrenal Tumor Aldosteronism Bilateral Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas Aldosteronoma Adrenectomy

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辍学牛人知多少

新东方英语（中英文版） 2010年第7期 66-69页

作者： joseph lin 庄子

英雄莫问出处，“成功”当思缘由。时下，人们容易将学历看成是成功的必要条件，殊不知，学历从来都不能“包办”成功。要想成功，还得靠睿智的头脑、敏锐的眼光、创新的勇气和不懈的努力。来看看以下几位辍学牛人的传奇故事，从中或许... 详细信息

英雄莫问出处，“成功”当思缘由。时下，人们容易将学历看成是成功的必要条件，殊不知，学历从来都不能“包办”成功。要想成功，还得靠睿智的头脑、敏锐的眼光、创新的勇气和不懈的努力。来看看以下几位辍学牛人的传奇故事，从中或许能够悟出些许成功的奥妙。

关键词：辍学 “成功” 牛传奇故事学历