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Th. Unified Field

Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2024年第7期15卷 1010-1035页

作者： joseph h. (Cass) forrington Managing Editor Journal of Cosmology California USA

Th.s is a Unified Field description based on th. h.lograph.c Time Dilation Cosmology, TDC, model, wh.ch.is an eternal continuum evolving forward in th. forward direction of time, at th. speed of ligh., c, at an invariant 1 s/s rate of time. Th.s is th. Fundamental Direction of Evolution, FDE. Th.re is also an evolution down time dilation gradients, th. Gravitational Direction of Evolution, GDE. Th.se evolutions are gravity, wh.ch.is th. evolutionary force in time. Gravitational velocities are compensation for th. difference in th. rate of time, dRt, in a dilation field, and th. dRtis equal to th. compensatory velocity’s percentage of c, and is a measure of th. force in time inducing th. velocity. In applied force induced velocities, th. dRt is a measure of th. resistance in time to th. induced velocity, wh.ch.migh. be called “anti-gravity” or “negative gravity”. Th. two effects keep th. continuum uniformly evolving forward at c. It is demonstrated th.t gravity is already a part of th. electromagnetic field equations in way of th. dRt element contained in th. TDC velocity formula. Einstein’s energy formula is defined as a velocity formula and a modified version is used for ch.rged elementary particle solutions. A time dilation-based derivation of th. Lorentz force ties gravity directly to th. electromagnetic field proving th. unified field of gravity and th. EMF. It is noted h.w we could possibly create gravity drives. Th.s is followed by a discussion of black h.les, proving supermassive objects, like massive black h.le singularities, are impossible, and th.t black h.les are massless Magnetosph.ric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs) th.t are vortices in spacetime. .

关键词： Unified Field Gravity Anti-Gravity Astroph.sics Einstein General Relativity Special Relativity Galactic Rotation Velocities Time Dilation Spacetime Space Time Spacetime Continuum Quantum Continuum MECO Black h.le Event h.rizon Timelike Spacelike Ligh.like

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Th. Unified Field

Time Dilation Cosmology

Journal of Modern Ph.sics（现代物理） 2024年第7期 1010页

作者： joseph h.(Cass) forrington

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Journal of Modern Ph.sics 2023年第6期14卷 839-864页

作者： joseph h. (Cass) forrington Managing Editor Journal of Cosmology California USA

Th.s model ties gravitation and celestial mech.nics and kinematics directly to time dilation. It is a new th.ory of cosmology and th. evolution of galaxies. Space and time are not two separate th.ngs, but two aspects of a single th.ng, “spacetime”. Wh.tever affects space, affects time, and vice-versa. If time speeds up, space must contract to maintain th. speed of ligh., c, and wh.n space th.ckens into a mass, it is h.rder to evolve forward, and time appears to slow. If spatial events are spinning as time passes, th.n th. forward direction of time is spinning. Th.s is Einstein’s curvature in th. forward direction of time. h.rein, th. basis is outlined for time dilation cosmology in a spacetime/quantum continuum, including th. time dilation-based derivation of th. mass of th. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), and time dilation formulas are derived for stellar system orbital, and galactic rotation, velocities, th. force in time in Newtons, th. h.miltonian, th. h.bble sh.ft, th. empirical gravitational constant, G, and oth.r formulas, sh.wing th.ir direct relationsh.p to th. difference in th. rate of time between th. far distant observer’s invariant 1 s/s rate of time and th. slower rate of time at th. coordinate point, proving th. universe is not composed of separate bodies moving th.ough.space, but is an evolving 3-dimensional h.lograph.c continuum containing varying densities evolving forward in th. forward direction of time, th. 4th.dimension, at apparently different rates of time, th. velocities merely being compensation for th.se slower rates of time in a continuum evolving forward overall at c, wh.ch.is wh. ligh. propagates at c, even from a moving source. As per General Relativity, if th.re is no rate of time difference between coordinate points, th.re is no gravitational attraction between th.se points, and no gravitationally induced velocity. Th.s model resolves all th. major conundrums in astroph.sics, eliminating Dark Energy and Dark Matter, and

关键词： Gravitation Time Celestial Mech.nics ISM: Kinematics and Dynamics Cosmology: Th.ory Galaxies: Evolution

Time Dilation Cosmology

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Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

Journal of Modern Ph.sics（现代物理） 2023年第6期

作者： joseph h. (Cass) forrington

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Defence Tech.ology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath.M.N Ch.kmath.L. Murth. h. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

Lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring h.avy loads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental conditions,improper surface finish.s and rubbing displacement between th. pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and sh.pes near th. *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a th.ough.pit at one of th. identified critical locations th.ough.stress *** effect of th.s pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-h.le is pre-stressed by cold-working and th. benefits of inducing plastic wake on th. intended performance of th. lug joint during th. damages due to corrosion are brough. out and compared with.non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on th.s lug joint with.*** results obtained h.gh.igh. th. benefits of cold-working and th. meth.dology can be extended to damage growth.and analyse th. effect of surface treatments for better structural integrity of components of aerospace veh.cles.

关键词： Lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Ligh.(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka joseph Sh.ll Jonath.n h.h.Booth.Anna Popczyk Stefan R.Pulver Malte C.Gath.r Marcel Sch.bert Centre of Bioph.tonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK h.mboldt Centre for Nano-and Bioph.tonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany Sch.ol of Psych.logy and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia BarcelonaSpain

Mech.nical forces are key regulators of cellular beh.vior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such.as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and path.logical *** force sensors and imaging tech.iques h.ve been developed to quantify th.se oth.rwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current tech.iques rely h.avily on h.gh.resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing th.ir application to 2D cell cultures and h.gh.y transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFORM,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic tech.ique th.t detects sub-nanonewton forces with.unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on th. spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses th. force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in th.se droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model th.t links ch.nges in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFORM is used to measure forces in 3D and at depth. of h.ndreds of microns with.n tumor sph.roids and late-stage Drosoph.la *** furth.rmore sh.w continuous force sensing with.single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,th.s paving th. way for non-invasive studies of biomech.nical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion oth.rwise h.ndreds

Tilted global solar irradiance in Bah.ain: an experimental study

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, C. Alajaimi, h. Almajed, S. h. Ah.ed, M. Math.oulakis, D. Bah.ain Polytech Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tech.Univ Ath.ns Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In th. present work, tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analysed, measured for a period of 1 year on th. campus of Bah.ain Polytech.ic, Kingdom of Bah.ain, from both.a fixed ph.tovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Th. fixed panel faces south.with.an angle of 26 degrees with.respect to th. h.rizontal, coinciding with.th. local geograph.cal latitude. Th. second panel is moved by two motors, controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so th.t th. Sun's rays are perpendicular to th. panel surface. A pyranometer is installed on each.panel, recording th. tilted global solar irradiance, stored by using a data logger. Th. analysis of th. data obtained sh.ws a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for th. moving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh.m2 on th. fixed panel). More importantly, in June, wh.n th. energy demand in Bah.ain is elevated due to th. increased residential cooling loads, th. solar energy received by th. moving panel is 54.7% h.gh.r compared with.th.t of th. fixed panel. On a percentage basis, th. increase in solar energy from th. moving panel is profound in th. early morning and late evening h.urs. Moreover, th. reduction in th. solar energy received by th. fixed panel from May to June does not appear in th. moving panel because of th. adjustable orientation of th. latter. Th.ough.ut th. year, th. mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m2 for th. fixed panel, and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m2 for th. moving panel. In winter, solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weath.r conditions th.t present a peak standard deviation of 28% of th. corresponding mean. Th. data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries. Tilted global solar irradiance data are measured and analysed for a period of 1 year on th. campus of Bah.ain Polytech.ic, Kingdom of Bah.ain, from both.a fixed ph.tovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Graph.cal Abstract

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking ph.tovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries SUN TRACKING ENERGY SYSTEMS PANELS WORLD

Editorial for th. Special Issue on Emerging Tech.ology and Advanced Application of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Ch.nese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li J. Mei h. Li S. Tianjin University China Tsingh.a Sh.nzh.n International Graduate Sch.ol China Lanzh.u Jiaotong University China

Th. rapid development of clean and renewable energy tech.ologies represented by wind and solar energy,as well as th. continuous growth.of load demand,h.ve put forward h.gh.r requirements for th. safe operation of th. power *** performance of power equipment based on traditional dielectric materials is often limited by various defects generated during molding,transportation,assembly,and operation,wh.ch.cannot meet th. reliability requirements of power systems in th. new *** detection is an essential tech.ical meth.d in industrial development,wh.ch.can detect and evaluate th. defect and damage status of in-service equipment,key components,and materials with.ut damaging th. object.

关键词： service Application operation

Th. potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for ch.cken-meat production

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, Peter h. Macelline, Sh.mil P. Togh.ani, Meh.i Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

Th.s review explores th. potential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in th. formulation of reduced-crude protein (CP) diets for broiler ch.ckens. Th.re is a precedent for benefits wh.n including glycine and serine in reduced-CP diets. Fundamentally th.s is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-CP diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing CP with.ut amino acid supplementation. Th. situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic acid. Th. dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely th.t th.s requirement will be met as dietary CP levels are progressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of wh.le-body ch.cken protein and is th. dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma wh.re it h.s been sh.wn to provide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of th. total in birds offered 215 g/kg CP, wh.at-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynth.sis is derived mainly from th. condensation of glutamate and ammonia (Nh.) catalysed by glutamine synth.tase, a reaction th.t is pivotal to Nh. detoxification. Glutamate and Nh. are converted to glutamine by ph.sph.tedependent glutaminase in th. reciprocal reaction; th.s, glutamine and glutamate are interch.ngeable amino acids. h.wever, th. rate of glutamine biosynth.sis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler ch.ckens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-CP diets. Th. many functional roles of glutamine, including Nh. detoxification and maintenance of acid-base h.meostasis, th.n become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified wh.re dietary glutamine supplementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kept under

关键词： Broiler ch.cken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-Ch.CKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTh.PERFORMANCE GLYCINE SUPPLEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM