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Fluid dynamics analysis and pyrolysis of brewer’s spent grain in a spouted bed reactor

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 199-207页

作者： Marcos A.S. Barrozo Lidja D.M.S. Borel taísa S. Lira Carlos H. Ataíde School of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaBrazil Department of Engineering and Technologies Federal University of Espirito SantoBrazil

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is a large-scale agroindustrial waste that could be more efficiently utilized. This waste is composed of lignocellulosic material and so may serve as a good source of biomass for thermochemical conversion. The present study investigated the fluid dynamics behavior of mixtures of sand and BSG in a spouted bed to assess the viability of the thermochemical conversion of this biomass via fast pyrolysis. Fluid dynamics analyses were performed while varying the mass fraction of BSG (6–80%) and the static bed height (6.6–13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting conditions and the mixing index were obtained using a regression technique, and the selected fluid dynamics parameters were employed in the spouted bed pyrolysis. The bio-oil resulting from this process was rich in phenolic compounds, various nitrogenated compounds (representing precursors for pharmaceuticals) and long-chain hydrocarbons. The products obtained from the analytical and spouted bed pyrolysis processes were also compared.

关键词： Brewer’s spent grain Agroindustrial residue Spouted bed Fast pyrolysis Particle mixing

DETERMINATION OF RADON AND NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN SOME BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN IZMIR,TURKEY

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Journal of Green Building 2020年第1期15卷 107-118页

作者： Daniel Hatungimana Caner taşköprü Mutlu İçhedef Müslim Murat saç Şemsi Yazıcı Ali Mardani-Aghabaglou Department of Civil Engineering Eng.FacultyEge UniversityBornova-IzmirTurkey Institute of Nuclear Sciences Ege UniversityBornova-IzmirTurkey Department of Civil Engineering Eng.FacultyBursa UludağUniversityNilüfer-BursaTurkey Civil Engineering Department University of Burundi2700 BujumburaBurundi

The aim of this study is to determine the radon and natural radioactivity concentra-tions of some building materials and to assess the radiation hazard associated with those mortar materials when they are used in the construction of *** measurements were realized by using LR-115 Type 2 solid state nuclear track *** activity concentrations of these materials were found to vary between 130.00±11.40 and 1604.06±40.5 Bq m^(-3).The natural radioactivity in selected mortar materials was analyzed by using scintillation gamma *** activity concentrations for 226Ra,232Th and 40K for the studied mortar materials ranged from ND to 48.5±7.0 Bq kg^(-1),ND to 41.0±6.4 Bq kg^(-1)and ND to 720.4±26.8 Bq kg^(-1),*** equivalent activities,external and internal hazard indexes,gamma and alpha indexes and absorbed gamma dose rates were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in studied *** calculated Raeq values of all samples were found to be lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg-1 set for building *** estimated hazard index values were found to be under the unity and the absorbed dose rate values were also below the worldwide average of 84 nGy h^(-1).

关键词： Radium activity solid state nuclear track detector hazard index absorbed dose rate

Pulse Waveform Analysis as A Bridge between Pulse Examination in Chinese Medicine and Cardiology

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第4期19卷 307-314页

作者： Arthur de sa Ferreira Agnaldo jose Lopes Postgraduation Program of Rehabilitation Science Augusto Motta University CenterRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Department of Physical Therapy Salgado de Oliveira UniversityNiteroiRJBrazil Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology University of the State of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil

Pulse examination was probably the earliest attempt to distinguish between health and illnesses. Starting at the pre-Hippocratic era, Chinese medicine practitioners developed techniques for pulse examination and defined pulse images based on their perceptions of pulse waveforms at the radial artery. Pulse images were described using basic variables （frequency, rhythm, wideness, length, deepness, and qualities） developed under philosophical trends such as taoism and Confucianism. Recent advances in biomedical instrumentation applied to cardiology opened possibilities to research on pulse examination based on ancient Chinese medical theories： the pulse wave analysis. Although strongly influenced by philosophy, some characteristics used to describe a pulse image are interpretable as parameters obtained by pulse waveform analysis such as pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. Those clinical parameters reflect concepts unique to Chinese medicine - such as yin- yang - while are based on wave reflection and resonance theories of fluids mechanics. Major limitations for integration of Chinese and Western pulse examination are related to quantitative description of pulse images and pattern differentiation based on pulse examination. Recent evidence suggests that wave reflection and resonance phenomena may bridge Chinese medicine and cardiologyto provide a more evidence-based medical practice.

关键词： blood circulation palpation diagnosis Chinese medicine pulse waveform

3D Raman mapping as an analytical tool for investigating the coatings of coated drug particles

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第3期13卷 276-286页

作者： Georgia Koutentaki Pavel Krýsa Dan Trunov Tomás Pekarek Marketa Pislova Miroslav Soos Department of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology PraguePrague 616628Czech Republic Zentiva k.s.Prague 1010237Czech Republic

The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were *** mapping technique was used to non-destructively examine the thickness and homogeneity of coated *** results showed that the wax existed in two forms on the surface of the paracetamol particles,forming a porous coating layer:i)whole wax particles on the surface of paracetamol and glued together with other wax surface particles,and ii)deformed wax particles spread on the *** of the final particle size fraction(between 100 and 800 mm),the coating thickness had high variability,with average thickness of 5.9±4.2 *** ability of carnauba wax to decrease the dissolution rate of paracetamol was confirmed by dissolution of powder and tablet *** dissolution was slower for larger coated *** further reduced the dissolution rate,clearly indicating the impact of subsequent formulation processes on the final quality of the product.

关键词： Raman mapping Dry-coating Dissolution Particle coating thickness Polymers

MULTIPLICITY FLUCTUATION AND "SPIKE EVENTS" IN NONDIFFRACTIVE HADRON-HADRON COLLISIONS

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Chinese Physics Letters 1985年第3期2卷 101-104页

作者： CAI Xu HUANG Chao-shang sa Ban-hao MENG ta-chung FU Berlin and HMI BerlinGermany Hua-Zhong Normal University WuhanChina

It is shown that the observed dependence of multiplicity distribution on the size of the"rapidity window"and the existence of spike events are natural consequences of a previously proposed statistical model.

关键词： model. consequences multiplicity

Structural performance assessment of GFRP elastic gridshells by machine learning interpretability methods

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 1249-1266页

作者： Soheila KOOKALANI Bin CHENG jose Luis Chavez TORRES Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Civil Engineering Technical University of LojaLoja 110102Ecuador

The prediction of structural performance plays a significant role in damage assessment of glass fiber reinforcement polymer(GFRP)elastic gridshell *** learning(ML)approaches are implemented in this study,to predict maximum stress and displacement of GFRP elastic gridshell *** ML algorithms,including linear regression(LR),ridge regression(RR),support vector regression(SVR),K-nearest neighbors(KNN),decision tree(DT),random forest(RF),adaptive boosting(AdaBoost),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),category boosting(CatBoost),and light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),are implemented in this *** features of structural performance considered in this study are the maximum stress as f1(x)and the maximum displacement to self-weight ratio as f2(x).A comparative study is conducted and the Catboost model presents the highest prediction ***,interpretable ML approaches,including shapely additive explanations(SHAP),partial dependence plot(PDP),and accumulated local effects(ALE),are applied to explain the *** is employed to describe the importance of each variable to structural performance both locally and *** results of sensitivity analysis(sa),feature importance of the CatBoost model and SHAP approach indicate the same parameters as the most significant variables for f1(x)and f2(x).

关键词： machine learning gridshell structure regression sensitivity analysis interpretability methods

Whole body vibration and auriculotherapy improve handgrip strength in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2019年第5期39卷 707-715页

作者： Eloa Moreira-Marconi Carla F Dionello Danielle S Morel Danubia C sa-Caputo Cintia R Sousa-Goncalves Laisa L Paineiras-Domingos Ygor Teixeira-Silva Mario jose dos santos Pereira Mario Bernardo-Filho Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Physiopathology University of the State of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Department of Biophysics and Biometrics Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPIInstitute of Biology Roberto Alcantara GomesRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Danubia C sa-Caputo Faculdade Bezerra de AraujoRio de JaneiroBrazilCentro Universitario Serra dos OrgaosTeresopolisRio de JaneiroBrasil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil-Department of Biophysics and BiometricsInstitute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes-Department of Physiological Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To verify the action of non-pharmacological interventions, whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) and auriculotherapy (AT) on the management of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) analyzing the handgrip strength (HS). METHODS: One hundred twelve participants with KOA were allocated in (a) WBVE group with peak-to-peak displacement of 2.5 to 7.5 mm, frequency from 5 up to 14 Hz, acceleration peak from 0.12 up to 2.95 g (2 d/weekly for 5 weeks),(b) AT group, points of both ears (Kidney, Knee-correspondent point and Shenmen) were stimulated with seeds,(c) WBVE + AT group and (d) respective control groups. HS was assessed in all the participants, in acute and cumulative responses. RESULTS: The intervention with WBVE alone and combined with AT improved (P < 0.05), in a cumulative response, the HS. CONCLUSION: WBVE alone or combined with AT might promote biological effects that interfere with the HS in individuals with KOA.

关键词： Osteoarthritis,knee Exercise therapy Physical and rehabilitation medicine Auriculotherapy Muscle strength dynamometer

Radial Applanation Tonometry as an Adjuvant Tool in the Noninvasive Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Assessment

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第5期4卷 225-235页

作者： Lucas jose sa da Fonseca Marco Antonio Mota-Gomes Luiza ARabelo Laboratorio de Reatividade Cardiovascular Setor de Fisiologia e FarmacologiaInstituto de Ciências Biologicas e da SaudeUniversidade Federal de AlagoasMaceioBrazil Centro de Pesquisas Clinicas do Hospital do Coracao de Alagoas—HCOR-AL MaceioBrazil Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine BerlinGermany

Since antiquity, the human arterial pulse represents an important parameter in the clinical assessment. Besides being routinely assessed in the medical practice, such pulse is not observed in its completeness yet, once many of the data obtained through it cannot be evaluated using conventional methods. taking into account such methods, the measurement of arterial blood pressure using sphygmomanometry, although broadly widespread in the assessment and follow-up of patients who require accompaniment of their cardiovascular status, is not able to properly guide about parameters related to the central hemodynamic status, the latter most strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Such incapability is due to the centrifugal augmentation of the pressures taken at different points of the arterial bed, based on the properties of the closed arterial system through which the blood flow travels. In this context, methodologies capable of assessing central parameters estimated using the pulse wave analysis, such as applanation tonometry, represent a promising adjuvant for evaluating patients with cardiovascular diseases, by providing detailed information concerning hemodynamic parameters otherwise inaccessible. In this scenario, the present review focuses on the applanation tonometry and its assessment on the radial artery, highlighting the importance of this method in the cardiovascular assessment, as well as its relevance in the clinical practice, when determining parameters peripherally obtained capable of estimating the central hemodynamic status.

关键词： Arterial Pulse Arterial Stiffness Noninvasive Assessment Radial Tonometry Cardiovascular Risk

Morphodynamics of sandy beaches under the influence of storm sequences:Current research status and future needs

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 221-234页

作者： Sonja Eichentopf Harshinie Karunarathna jose M.Alsina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK College of Engineering Swansea University Bay Campus Swansea SA1 8EN UK Laboratori d'Enginyeria Marítima Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona 08034 Spain

This paper reviews and discusses the current research status, trends, and future needs in the field of beach morphodynamics under the influence of storm *** paper reviews how the three main research methods, field investigations, numerical modelling, and physical modelling, have been used to study beach morphodynamics during storm *** quantitative definitions of storm sequences at different sites are presented and *** is shown that the definition of storm sequences is site-specific and requires knowledge of the storm climate, beach characteristics, and the temporal scale of beach ***, the paper brings together currently available approaches aimed at describing the effect of storm sequences on beach erosion in a general *** importance of storm chronology and the effects of an extreme storm within a sequence of storms are *** that, the more poorly studied aspect of beach recovery in between storms within a sequence is *** indicators for defining beach recovery, namely the shoreline location, sediment volumes, and the beach state, are identified and ***, important research needs, including the need for detailed physical modelling, are identified.

关键词： Storm sequences Beach morphodynamics Beach erosion Extreme storms Return period Beach recovery