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Preferences for pre-exposure prophylaxis among U.S. military men who have sex with men:results of an adaptive choice based conjoint analysis study

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 141-151页

作者： joséi.gutierrez Alex Dubov Frederick L.Altice David Vlahov Yale School of Nursing 400 West Campus DriveOrangeCT 06477USA Philip R.Lee institute for Health Policy Studies University of CaliforniaSan Francisco3333 California StSan FranciscoCA 94118USA Loma Linda University Griggs Hall 11065Loma LindaCA 92350USA Yale School of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases135 College StreetSuite 323New HavenCT 06510USA Department of Epidemiology-Microbial Diseases Yale School of Public Health60 College StNew HavenCT 06510USA

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP) prevents human immunodeficiency virus(HiV) infection, but its use remains low among U.S. military men who have sex with men(MSM), likely due to mis-matching with personal preferences. We conducted a study to characterize preferences to PrEP measures within this ***: HiV-negative military MSM were recruited through a closed, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered(LGBT) military social media group. The survey was anonymous, and consisted of five experimentally varied attributes in service delivery: dosing method, provider type, visit location, lab work evaluation location, and dispensing *** importance and part-worth utility scores were generated using hierarchical bayes(HB) estimation, and the randomized first choice model was used to examine participation interest across eight possible PrEP program ***: A total of 429 participants completed the survey. Among the eight scenarios with varying attributes, the most preferred scenario featured a daily tablet, PrEP injection or implant, along with a military provider, smartphone/telehealth visit, and on-base locations for lab evaluation and medication pick-up. The results also emphasized the importance for providers to be familiar with PrEP prescription knowledge, and to provide interactions sensitive to sexual identity and mental ***: A PrEP program consisting of daily tablet is preferred in military healthcare settings is preferred. Longacting implants and injections are also desired.

关键词： Conjoint analysis Pre-exposure prophylaxis Preference Decision science Human immunodeficiency virus Military health infectious disease

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Heterogeneities of grain boundary contact for simulation of laboratoryscale mechanical behavior of granitic rocks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2629-2644页

作者： Xiongyu Hu Marte gutierrez Zhiwei Yan Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering Ministry of EducationSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China University Transportation Center for Underground Transportation infrastructure Colorado School of MinesGoldenUSA School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China

From a practical point of view,grain structure heterogeneities are key parameters that control the rock response and still remains a challenge to incorporate in a quantitative *** of the less discussed topics in the context of the grain-based model(GBM)in the particle flow code(PFC)is the contact heterogeneities and the appropriate contact model to mimic the grain boundary ***,the smooth joint(SJ)model and linear parallel bond(LPB)model are used to simulate the grain boundary ***,the literature does not document the suitability of different models for specific *** challenge in implementing GBM in PFC is that only a single bonding parameter is used at the grain *** aim of this study is to investigate the responses of a laboratory-scale specimen with SJ and LPB models,considering grain boundary heterogeneous and homogeneous contact *** and biaxial compression tests are performed to calibrate the response of Creighton *** stressestrain curves,volumetric dilation,inter-crack(crack in the grain boundary),and intra-crack(crack within the grain)development,and failure patterns associated with different contact models are *** was found that both the SJ and LPB models can reproduce the pre-peak behavior observed for a granitic rock ***,the LPB model is unable to reproduce the post-peak *** to the large interlocking effect originating from the balls in contact and the ball size in the LPB model,local dilation is induced at the grain *** overestimates the volumetric dilation and residual shear *** LPB model tends to result in discontinuous inter-cracks and stress localization in the rock specimen,resulting in fine fragments at the rock surface during failure.

关键词： Grain boundary contact Smooth joint(SJ)model Linear parallel bond(LPB)model Contact heterogeneities Particle flow code(PFC) Granitic rock

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Predicting the coefficient of friction in a sliding contact by applying machine learning to acoustic emission data

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1299-1321页

作者： Robert gutierrez Tianshi FANG Robert MAiNWARiNG Tom REDDYHOFF Tribology Group Department of Mechanical EngineeringImperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK Shell Global Solutions(US)inc.Shell Technology Center Houston 3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX 77082USA Shell international Petroleum Company Limited Shell CentreYork RoadLondon SE17NAUK

it is increasingly important to monitor sliding interfaces within machines,since this is where both energy is lost,and failures *** emission(AE)techniques offer a way to monitor contacts remotely without requiring transparent or electrically conductive ***,acoustic data from sliding contacts is notoriously complex and difficult to ***,we simultaneously measure coefficient of friction(with a conventional force transducer)and acoustic emission(with a piezoelectric sensor and high acquisition rate digitizer)produced by a steel‒steel rubbing *** data is then used to train machine learning(ML)algorithms(e.g.,Gaussian process regression(GPR)and support vector machine(SVM))to correlated acoustic emission with *** training requires the dense AE data to first be reduced in size and a range of processing techniques are assessed for this(e.g.,down-sampling,averaging,fast Fourier transforms(FFTs),histograms).Next,fresh,unseen AE data is given to the trained model and the resulting friction predictions are compared with the directly measured *** is excellent agreement between the measured and predicted friction when the GPR model is used on AE histogram data,with root mean square(RMS)errors as low as 0.03 and Pearson correlation coefficients reaching ***,predictions remain accurate despite changes in test conditions such as normal load,reciprocating frequency,and stroke *** paves the way for remote,acoustic measurements of friction in inaccessible locations within machinery to increase mechanical efficiency and avoid costly failure/needless maintenance.

关键词： acoustic emission condition monitoring friction machine learning Gaussian process regression support vector machine

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Determination of a suitable set of loss models for centrifugal compressor performance prediction

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第5期30卷 1644-1650页

作者： Elkin i.gutierrez VELASQUEZ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universidad Antonio Narino Medellln 050012 Colombia

Performance prediction in preliminary design stages of several turbomachinery components is a critical task in order to bring the design processes of these devices to a successful conclusion. in this paper, a review and analysis of the major loss mechanisms and loss models, used to determine the efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor, and a subsequent examination to determine an appropriate loss correlation set for estimating the isentropic efficiency in preliminary design stages of centrifugal compressors, were developed. Several semi-empirical correlations,commonly used to predict the efficiency of centrifugal compressors, were implemented in FORTRAN code and then were compared with experimental results in order to establish a loss correlation set to determine, with good approximation, the isentropic efficiency of single stage *** aim of this study is to provide a suitable loss correlation set for determining the isentropic efficiency of a single stage centrifugal compressor, because, with a large amount of loss mechanisms and correlations available in the literature, it is difficult to ascertain how many and which correlations to employ for the correct prediction of the efficiency in the preliminary stage design of a centrifugal compressor. As a result of this study, a set of correlations composed by nine loss mechanisms for single stage centrifugal compressors, conformed by a rotor and a diffuser, are specified.

关键词： Centrifugal compressor Efficiency loss Performance prediction Preliminary design Turbomachinery

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Presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan joséPérez-Moreno instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla(iBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder,characterized primarily by progressive spasticity and weakness in the lower *** ients can also experience peripheral neuropathy,cognitive impairment,and other neurological *** date,more than 80 genes have been implicated in HSP,encompassing various cellular components,although mutations in genes encoding endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping proteins are the most prevalent(Parodi et al.,2017).ER-shaping proteins are generally known for regulating the tubulation and curvation of the ER,but most of them show additional functions,including fusion of ER tubules,microtubule-severing,ER autophagy,lipid droplet synthesis,contact sites with other organelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the complexity of studying the role of these proteins and the link between ER function and HSP.

关键词： reticulum endoplasmic

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Fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles by cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet in the presence of Au^(+) ions and a capping agent

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 108-115页

作者： Tatiana HABiB josé Mauricio A.CAiUT Bruno CAiLLiER Laboratoire Diagnostics des Plasmas Hors Equilibre(DPHE) Universitéde ToulouseINU ChampollionAlbi 81000France Department of Chemistry The Nanomaterials and Luminescent Systems GroupFaculty of PhilosophyScience and Letters at Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão Preto-SP 14040-901Brazil

Homogeneous gold nanoparticles were synthesized under atmospheric pressure using a nonthermal helium plasma jet in a single-step process.A current power supply was used to generate the plasma discharge rich in diverse reactive *** species induce rapid chemical reactions responsible for the reduction of the gold salts upon contact with the liquid *** this study,spherical and monodispersed gold nanoparticles were obtained within 5 min of plasma exposure using a solution containing gold(Ⅲ)chloride hydrate(HAuCl_(4))as a precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a capping agent to inhibit *** formation of these metal nanoparticles was initially perceptible through a visible change in the sample's color,transitioning from light yellow to a red/pink *** was subsequently corroborated by UVvis spectroscopy,which revealed an optical absorption in the 520-550 nm range for Au NPs,corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)*** investigation into the impact of various parameters,including plasma discharge duration,precursor and capping agent concentrations,was carried out to optimize conditions for the formation of well-separated,spherical gold *** light scattering(DLS)was used to measure the size of these nanoparticles,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to observe their morphology and X-ray diffraction(XRD)was also employed to determine their crystallographic *** results confirm that homogeneous spherical gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 13 nm can be easily synthesized through a rapid,straightforward,and environmentally friendly approach utilizing a helium atmospheric pressure plasma.

关键词： gold nanoparticles non-thermal plasma jet helium DBD

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Capsule endoscopy and panendoscopy:A journey to the future of gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1270-1279页

作者： Bruno Rosa joséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da OliveiraGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal iCVS/3B's PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal

in 2000,the small bowel capsule revolutionized the management of patients with small bowel ***,the technological development achieved by the new models of double-headed endoscopic capsules,as miniaturized devices to evaluate the small bowel and colon[pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy(PCE)],makes this non-invasive procedure a disruptive concept for the management of patients with digestive *** technology is expected to identify which patients will require conventional invasive endoscopic procedures(colonoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy),based on the lesions detected by the capsule,i.e.,those with an indication for biopsies or endoscopic *** use of PCE in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases,namely Crohn’s disease,as well as in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and/or overt gastrointestinal(Gi)bleeding,after a non-diagnostic upper endoscopy(esophagogastroduodenoscopy),enables an effective,safe and comfortable way to identify patients with relevant lesions,who should undergo subsequent invasive endoscopic *** recent development of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy to evaluate the upper Gi tract,is a further step towards the possibility of an entirely non-invasive assessment of all the segments of the digestive tract,from mouth-to-anus,meeting the expectations of the early developers of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Non-invasive endoscopy Panendoscopy Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy Crohn’s disease Digestive bleeding

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Taurine as a possible therapy for immunosenescence and inflammaging

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2024年第1期21卷 3-5页

作者： joséM.izquierdo Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa(CBMSO).Consejo Superior de investigaciones Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC/UAM)C/Nicolás Cabrera 1Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain

in their recent Science article,Singh et *** taurine as an endogenously produced anti-inflammatory,anti-immunosenescence,and anti-aging *** authors also show that restoring taurine to its“youthful”levels prevents in... 详细信息

关键词： Taurine inflam

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Tracking the change in Spanish greenhouse gas emissions through an LMDi decomposition model:A global and sectoral approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández González María josé Presno Manuel Landajo Department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,R&D,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： LMDi Decomposition Spain GHG emissions

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Flexible neural probes:a review of the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PiMENTA Joao R.FREiTAS joséH.CORREiA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Associate Laboratory Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millions of people and have a huge social and economic *** use of neural probes for studies in animals has been the main approach to increasing knowledge about neural network ***,neuroscientists are trying to develop new and more effective therapeutic approaches to treating neurological *** implementation of neural probes with multifunctionalities(electrical,optical,and fluidic interactions)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to the creation of devices with high temporal and spatial *** the applicability of,and elements integrated into,neural probes has also led to the necessity to create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during probe implantation and increasing the quality of neural acquisition *** this paper,we review the fabrication,characterization,and validation of several types of flexible neural probes,exploring the main advantages and drawbacks of these ***,future developments and applications are ***,this review aims to present the currently available flexible devices and future appropriate avenues for development as possible guidance for future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain knowledge Flexible interface Multifunctional probe

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