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The regional employment implications of a net-zero economy in Costa Rica under uncertainty

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 988-999页

作者： Maria joséSAUMA CHACON Alejandro MATARRITA valverde Bernardo ZUNIGA ALVARADO Monica RODRiGUEZ-ZUNIGA Jairo QUIROs-TORTOS Luis ViCTOR-GALLARDO Pauline SCHAAL Paula CUBILLOS Thierry DUPLAN Matthieu ROBIN Slim DALI Universidad de Costa Rica San Jose 11501-2060Costa Rica Agence Frangaise de Developpement Paris 75598 France

This study estimates job creation from Costa Rica's transition to net-zero emissions by 2050,contrasting it with a business-as-usual scenario(BAU)using employment multipliers from Costa Rica's input-output *** model is soft-linked with a bottom-up technology-rich regional model of the CLEW sectors in Costa Rica.A robust decision-making-inspired approach is taken to assess the effects of uncertainty on the *** study addresses a literature gap in modeling subnational employment while accounting for long-term uncertainty and allows to identify economic activities affected by the transformation,so that policies regarding a just transition can be properly developed and stakeholders incentivized to take active participation in the *** baseline assumptions,a net-zero economy would have 135 thousand more jobs by 2050 than the BAU,equivalent to 7%of the employed population in ***-related jobs would triple by mid-21st century,and regions capitalizing on renewables would perceive the highest *** considering uncertainty,the net jobs range between 35-750 *** net positive outcomes in terms of jobs are feasible,global governance should focus efforts on policies that enhance these.

关键词： Decarbonization Environmental policy Input-output Employment multipliers Costa Rica

Exploring Alternatives to Create Digital Twins from and for Process Simulation

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Journal of Computer Science Research 2024年第1期6卷 16-30页

作者： Jaime Barbero-Sánchez Alicia Megía-Ortega Víctor R.Ferro jose-Luis valverde Department of Chemical Engineering University of Castilla La ManchaAvda.Camilo JoséCela 12Ciudad Real13071Spain Department of Chemical Engineering Autonomous University of MadridCantoblancoMadrid28049Spain

In this work,Digital Twins based on Neural Networks for the steady state production of styrene were ***,both the Aspen Technology AI Model Builder(alternative 1)and a homemade MS Excel VBA code connected to Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus(alternative 2)were used with this same *** raw data used for generating the Digital Twins were obtained from process simulations using Aspen HYSYS and/or Aspen Plus,which were connected through a recycle-like stream via automation for solving the entire simulation *** HYSYS was used for solving the pre-heating,reaction,and stabilization sections of the process whereas Aspen Plus ensured the computing of the separation and purification *** alternatives led to an excellent prediction showing the capability of creating Digital Twins from and for process simulation.

关键词： Digital Twin Aspen Hybrid Model Builder Aspen HYSYS Aspen Plus Automation MS Excel-VBA

Extreme Rainfall Indices in the Hydrographic Basins of Brazil

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2014年第1期4卷 10-26页

作者： María C.valverde jose A.Marengo Urban and Environmental Engineering Federal University of ABC(UFABC)Santo AndréBrazil Center for Earth System Science National Institute for Space Research(INPE)Sao Josédos CamposBrazil

The authors analyze climate extremes indices (CEI) of rainfall over the largest basins of the Brazilian territory: Amazon (AMA), S?o Francisco (SF), Tocantins (TO) and Paraná (PAR) rivers. The CEI represent the frequency of heavy precipitation events (R30mm and R95p) and short duration extreme rainfall (RX5day and RX1day). Droughts (CDDd) are identified based on two indicators: The longest dry period (CDD) and the annual cycle. The results demonstrate that CDDd, RX1day and RX5day occurred with more frequency and intensity in SF basin during El Ni?o events. CDDd was of greater magnitude in the TO basin during La Ni?a events, while an increase of RX1day occurred in El Ni?o. The strong El Ni?o events (1983 and 1997) caused more intense and frequent RX1day and R30mm over the PAR basin. Amazon droughts occurred in two out of the six El Ni?o events. Moreover, the relationship between the positive (negative) sea superficial temperatures anomalies in North (South) Tropical Atlantic and drought in AMA basin was corroborated. A gradual warming of SST was observed at the start of 2003 until it achieved a maximum in 2005 associated with the southwestern Amazon drought. The second highest anomaly of SST was in 2010 linked with drought that was more spatially extensive than the 2005 drought. The spatial distribution of annual trends showed a significant increase of CDD in south-eastern AMA, Upper SF, northern PAR and throughout the TO basins. R20mm, RX1day and RX5day tend to increase significantly in southwestern (northeast) PAR (AMA) and northwestern TO basins. Comparisons between CEI derived from daily precipitation data from Climate Prediction Center (CPCp) and of the ETA_HadCM3 model showed that the model overestimated RX1day, RX5day and CDD, in the four basins. Future scenarios show that dry periods will occur with greatest magnitude in all the basins until 2071-2099 time slice, while RX1day will be more intense in the TO and SF basins.

关键词： Climate Extreme Indices Future Scenarios of Climate Hydrological Basins of Brazil ETA_HadCM3 Model

Hematological parameters of a Neotropical wild frog population,with a phylogenetic perspective on blood cell composition in Anura

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 361-369页

作者： Lilian FRANCO-BELUSSI Diogo B.PROVETE Taynara R.F.LEÃO Mayara S.SIQUEIRA Bruno S.L.valverde Brenda O.MARTINS Classius DE OLIVEIRA Carlos Eurico FERNANDES Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMato Grosso do Sul 79002970Brazil Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre GöteborgBox 100S 40530Sweden Graduate Program in Biodiversity.Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências ExatasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaSão Josédo Rio PretoSão PauloBrazil Graduate Program in Animal Biology.Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Departamento de Biologia.Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências ExatasSão Josédo Rio PretoUniversidade Estadual PaulistaBrazil

Hematological parameters can provide key information to an animal health ***,this information is usually hard to ***,we described the hematological parameters of Leptodactylus podicipinus in the Brazilian *** measured red blood cell morphometrics,erythrogram,and *** also tested for phylogenetic signal in the erythrogram and leukogram of 48 frog species from 15 families,testing if body size explains their *** were the most abundant leukocytes(>60%)in ***,followed by neutrophils(∼10%).Given that *** is an abundant and widely distributed species in central Brazil,knowing its hematological pattern can help establish a baseline and improve its use as a bioindicator of environmental *** corpuscular hemoglobin and value contributed more to the phylomorphospace of erythrogram,in which Leptodactylus *** Hypsiboas raniceps had lower values of these variables,whereas Bufotes viridis and Hyla arborea had high *** phylogenetic signal was spread throughout the dimensions of the leukogram *** variables that most contributed to it were total leukocytes counts,lymphocytes,and *** also found a moderate phylogenetic signal for both the erythrogram and ***,body size accounted for a low proportion of variation in both the leukogram(4.7%)and erythrogram(0.57%).By applying phylogenetic comparative methods to hematological parameters,our results add a new perspective on the evolution of blood cell physiology in frogs.

关键词： erythrogram leukogram conservation physiology macroevolution population monitoring programs

From Deterministic to Random Models: An Analysis of the New Spanish Overtaking Traffic Law

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第1期13卷 74-111页

作者： Enrique Castillo josé Duato Javier Girón Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering Don Pedro Madrid Spain Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences Valverde Madrid Spain

The purpose of the research is to analyze the new Spanish law of Traffic, which no longer permits exceeding by up to 20 km/hour the generic speed limits when overtaking on conventional roads. In this research, deterministic and random models are developed to analyze the associated safety risks. The deterministic model highlights the importance of dimensional analysis and provides dimensionless abacuses to analyze the problem. Next, Bayesian networks and Bayesian models are used to build a random model from the previous one, providing a general method to convert deterministic into random models. In addition, the problems of ignoring the dimensions of the variables and parameters are discussed, a common mistake to be corrected. Some examples and multidimensional graphics illustrate the huge reduction in safety and the need to review the existing end of prohibition signs, most of which must be removed. Shortly, the research results show that the distance required for overtaking with safety increases drastically.

关键词： Bayesian Network Modelling OpenBUGS Weibull Distribution