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Global Health Journal 2020年第2期4卷 33-41页

作者： Min Zhang jorma rantanen School of Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College9 Dongdan San TiaoBeijing 100730China Department of Public Health/Occupational Health University of HelsinkiP.O.BOX 20(Tukholmankatu 8 B)FIN-00014 HelsinkiFinland

A healthy workforce is fundamental for China to pursue its Healthy China 2030 strategy and the UN Sustainable Development *** Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases(the Chinese OD Law),which has been amended four times since its adoption in 2002,is the core and cornerstone of the entire regulatory system for occupational *** addition to discussing the new institutional reforms,which are relevant to China’s regulatory system for occupational diseases(ODs)because of their marked impact on healthcare system reform,we present further evidence,mainly drawn from desk and field *** study focuses on the barriers that employers face in complying with the Chinese OD Law and explores the optimized employer-initiated management system,which requires further amendments to the Chinese OD Law,as the State Council of China has prioritized this issue as a top *** first summarize the key characteristics of the Chinese OD Law and illustrate employers’essential obligations,and then analyze the critical challenges that employers face regarding OD prevention and *** demonstrate good practices and experiences in China,and,finally,propose recommendations for further amendments to the Chinese OD Law in the near *** recommendations can be achieved only through integrating the healthcare system reform with mechanism innovation.

关键词： Occupational diseases Occupational health Law Employer China

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基本职业卫生服务——风险评估

中华劳动卫生职业病杂志 2009年第2期27卷 108-110页

作者： jorma rantanen 燮袆(捷译) 王丹(捷译) 李文(捷译) 张敏(审校) 李涛(审校) 国际职业卫生协会、世界卫生组织中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所

基本职业卫生服务（BOHS）的目标是预防、控制和管理工作场所产生的或存在的有害因素及有害条件，以及危及劳动者健康安全的风险。有害因素是指丁作中或工作场所产生的或存在的、可危及接触者健康的因素或条件。风险是指发生不良健康影... 详细信息

基本职业卫生服务（BOHS）的目标是预防、控制和管理工作场所产生的或存在的有害因素及有害条件，以及危及劳动者健康安全的风险。有害因素是指丁作中或工作场所产生的或存在的、可危及接触者健康的因素或条件。风险是指发生不良健康影响的可能性及其后果。风险评估是指识别、评价对劳动者产生健康影响的可能性和严重程度，并将风险划分出等级，以决定控制和管理的优先顺序。

关键词：职业卫生服务风险评估有害因素工作场所健康安全健康影响劳动者接触者

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基本职业卫生服务——事故风险预防和管理

国外医学（卫生学分册） 2009年第4期36卷 204-210页

作者：王丹杜燮祎李文捷张敏李涛 jorma rantanen 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所北京100050 国际职业卫生学会世界卫生组织基本职业卫生服务试点

1概述工伤是工作中最常见的不良健康效应之一。事故是引起人员伤害、财产损失和/或设备损坏的事件。突发事件是可能引起人员伤害、财产损失和,或设备损坏的事件。[第一段]

关键词：职业卫生服务事故管理预防风险不良健康效应财产损失突发事件

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基本职业卫生服务——劳动者健康监护

国外医学（卫生学分册） 2009年第4期36卷 198-204页

促进劳动者健康良好是职业卫生服务(occupational health services,OHS)的终极目标。工作可通过几种不同的方式,即职业性的、与工作有关的和非职业性的因素影响健康。虽然职业卫生服务的首要目标是尽早预防和控制可能危害健康的条件和接... 详细信息

促进劳动者健康良好是职业卫生服务(occupational health services,OHS)的终极目标。工作可通过几种不同的方式,即职业性的、与工作有关的和非职业性的因素影响健康。虽然职业卫生服务的首要目标是尽早预防和控制可能危害健康的条件和接触,但是全世界每年估计仍有1亿6千万劳动者罹患职业病。大多数病例仍未被认知,而且即便有预防、干预措施,这些预防干预措施实施时,相对于疾病已有的进展也已太晚。[第一段]

关键词：职业卫生服务劳动者健康健康监护非职业性干预措施早预防危害健康职业病

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基本职业卫生服务——急救准备

国外医学（卫生学分册） 2009年第4期36卷 210-213页

作者：李文捷杜燮祎王丹张敏李涛 jorma rantanen 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所北京100050 国际职业卫生学会世界卫生组织基本职业卫生服务试点

许多国家已对工作场所急救进行了立法,例如欧盟的职业卫生安全框架导则,89/391/EEC指令第8章,对急救、火灾安全、劳动者疏散撤离、严重和紧急危险做了明确规定。根据该导则,雇主有法定义务根据工作场所的规模,采取所必需的火灾安全急救... 详细信息

许多国家已对工作场所急救进行了立法,例如欧盟的职业卫生安全框架导则,89/391/EEC指令第8章,对急救、火灾安全、劳动者疏散撤离、严重和紧急危险做了明确规定。根据该导则,雇主有法定义务根据工作场所的规模,采取所必需的火灾安全急救和撤离行动,并组织联系外部服务,特别是急救、紧急医疗救护以及救火和救援服务。[第一段]

关键词：职业卫生服务急救准备职业卫生安全紧急医疗救护工作场所法定义务 EEC 劳动者

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基本职业卫生服务——工作环境监测

国外医学（卫生学分册） 2009年第4期36卷 193-197页

2002年由WHO/EURO职业卫生合作中心在法国南锡提出"基本职业卫生服务(BasicOccupational Health Service,BOHS)"的概念,其含义是指为保护和促进劳动者健康、工作能力以及为预防控制疾病和事故所需的必要服务,该服务要考虑科学性和社会... 详细信息

2002年由WHO/EURO职业卫生合作中心在法国南锡提出"基本职业卫生服务(BasicOccupational Health Service,BOHS)"的概念,其含义是指为保护和促进劳动者健康、工作能力以及为预防控制疾病和事故所需的必要服务,该服务要考虑科学性和社会经济可行性,并通过初级卫生保健方式实现。2006年初WHO与我国卫生部合作项目开始在中国五省市的试点探索基本职业卫生服务及干预,2006年7月卫生部在全国遴选19个区县正式启动了卫生部基本职业卫生服务试点工作。2008年4月,国际职业卫生学会前主席、WHO基本职业卫生服务试点顾问jorma rantanen应邀参加了卫生部在深圳宝安举办的全国基本职业卫生服务试点经验交流会,并进行了演讲。受其委托,相关人员将jorma rantanen教授撰写并在会上演讲的关于工作环境监测、风险评估、健康监护、事故预防和管理、急救准备的基本职业卫生服务工具包英文版译成中文,并作为会议资料送发与会者。这些工具包对于指导我国基本职业卫生服务试点工作具有重要的指导意义和深远影响,本刊将集中发表(有关风险评估的文章发表于中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2009,27(2):108-110.),希望能够更广泛、深入地推动我国基本职业卫生服务工作。

关键词：职业卫生服务环境监测劳动卫生职业病国际职业卫生卫生服务工作风险评估事故预防劳动者健康

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Basics of estimation

Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2010年第3期5卷 274-280页

作者： jorma RISSANEN Helsinki Institute for Information Technology Tampere University of TechnologyTampere 33720Finland

This paper outlines a theory of estimation,where optimality is defined for all sizes of data—not only *** one principle is needed to cover estimation of both real-valued parameters and their *** achieve this we have to abandon the traditional assumption that the observed data have been generated by a“true”distribution,and that the objective of estimation is to recover this from the ***,the objective in this theory is to fit‘models’as distributions to the data in order to find the regular statistical *** performance of the fitted models is measured by the probability they assign to the data:a large probability means a good fit and a small probability a bad ***,the negative logarithm of the probability should be minimized,which has the interpretation of code *** are three equivalent characterizations of optimal estimators,the first defined by estimation capacity,the second to satisfy necessary conditions for optimality for all data,and the third by the complete Minimum Description Length(MDL)principle.

关键词： models optimal estimation estimation capacity complete Minimum Description Length(MDL)principle

Defect aggregates in the Sr_2MgSi_2O_7 persistent luminescence material

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第12期29卷 1130-1136页

作者： jorma Hls Taneli Laamanen Mika Lastusaari Pavel Novák Department of Chemistry University of Turku Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces(MatSurf) Graduate School of Materials Research(GSMR) Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

The crystal and electronic structure of the Eu^2＋ doped and defect containing Sr2MgSi2O7 persistent luminescence material were studied using the density functional theory （DFT）. The defects may act as energy storage or even luminescence quenching centres in these materials, however their role is very difficult to confirm experimentally. The probability of vacancy formation was studied using the total energy of the defect containing host. Significant structural modifications in the environment of the isolated defects, especially the strontium vacancy, as well as defect aggregates were found. The experimental band gap energy of Sr2MgSi2O7 was well reproduced by the calculations. The defect induced electron traps close to the host＇s conduction band were found to act as energy storage sites contributing to its efficient persistent luminescence. The interactions between the defects were found to modify both the Eu^2＋ 4f^7 ground state energy as well as the trap structure. The effect of charge compensation induced by the rare earth co-doping on the defect structure and energy storage properties of the persistent luminescence materials was discussed.

关键词： strontium magnesium disilicate vacancy defect aggregate persistent luminescence density functional theory calculations rare earths

Nitridation of Ni-based alloys:thermodynamics,kinetics,and deformation phenomena accompanying internal precipitation

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Rare Metals 2006年第5期25卷 501-511页

作者： Alexander A.Kodentsov jorma K.Kivilahti Frans J.J.van Loo Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry Eindhoven University of TechnologyP.O.Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Electronics Production Technology Helsinki University of TechnologyFIN-02150 EspooFinland

When a moderately stable phase is precipitated out during an intemal reaction, the behaviour of the penetrating atoms within the diffusion zone can be interpreted based on thermodynamic considerations. Evidence for “up-hill” diffusion of the penetrating species through the matrix towards the precipitation front during the intemal nitridation of Ni-Cr alloys at 1125℃ and 6000 bar of N2-pressure was predicted. Such behaviour of nitrogen is opposite to the boundary conditions in Wagner＇s description of internal reactions. A volume change associated with the precipitation reaction resulted in a stress gradient between the alloys surface and the intemal nitridation front. Stress relief occurred mainly by transport of nickel to the gas/metal interface. Pipe diffusion-controlled creep is the dominant stress accommodation mechanism during nitriding of dilute Ni-Cr alloys at 700℃ under a flowing NH3 ＋ H2 gas mixture.

关键词： nitridation nickel alloys thermodynamics diffusion internal precipitation

Electronic structure of the SrAl_2O_4:Eu^(2+) persistent luminescence material

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第4期27卷 550-554页

作者： jorma Hls Taneli Laamanen Mika Lastusaari Janne Niittykoski Pavel Novák Department of Chemistry University of Turku FI-20014 Turku Finland Turku University Centre for Materials and Surface (MatSurf) Turku Finland Graduate School of Materials Research (GSMR) Turku Finland Institute of Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic CZ-16253 Prague 6 Czech Republic

The electronic structure of the strontium aluminate （SrAl2O4：Eu^2＋） materials was studied with a combined experimental and theo- retical approach. The UV-VUV synchrotron radiation was applied in the experimental study while the electronic structure of the non-optimized and optimized crystal structure were investigated theoretically by using the density functional theory. The structure of the valence and conduction bands as well as the band gap energy of the material together with the position of the Eu2＋ 4f7 85712 ground state were calculated. The calculated band gap energy （6.4 eV） agreed well with the experimental value of 6.6 eV. The valence band consisted mainly of oxygen states whereas the bottom of the conduction band of strontium states. In agreement with the experimental results, the calculated 4f7 8S7r2 ground state of Eu2＋ lies in the energy gap of the host. The position of the 4f7 ground state depended on the Coulomb repulsion strength. The position of the 4f7 ground state with respect to the valence and conduction bands was discussed using theoretical and experimental evidence available.

关键词： strontium aluminate persistent luminescence electronic structure DFT calculation rare earths