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Targeting harm.ul effects of non-excitatory am.no acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischem.c dam.ge

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jim.nez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-m.rz jorge Hernández-Cam.ano Sergei A.Kirov Jesús m.Hernández-Guijo Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ram.n y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIS) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Departm.nt of Neuroscience and Regenerative m.dicine&Departm.nt of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvem.nt of the excitatory am.no acids glutam.te and aspartate in ce rebral ischem.a and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory am.no acids in brain dam.ge following a stroke or brain traum. rem.ins largely *** release of am.no acids by necrotic cells in the ischem.c core m.y contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia becam. irreversible when exposed to a m.xture of just four non-excitatory am.no acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutam.ne,and L-serine)at their plasm. *** am.no acids induce swelling in the som.s of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with perm.nent dendritic dam.ge m.diated by N-m.thyl-D-aspartate *** N-m.thyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal dam.ge in the presence of these am.no acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accum.lation of these am.no acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system.N transporters activates volum.-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal dam.ge through N-m.thyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized m.chanism. involving non-excitatory am.no acids m.y contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological em.rgencies such as stroke and traum.tic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to m.tigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling N-m.thyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory am.no acids stroke synaptic transm.ssion

Com.lem.nt-dependent neuroinflam.ation in spinal cord injury:from.pathology to therapeutic im.lications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanm.rco Gutierrez gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian m.stroph David Gim.el Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow m.tthew F.Gary Ali m.Alawieh Departm.nt of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Departm.nt of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotraum. Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury rem.ins a m.jor cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decom.ression and rehabilitation,there are no pharm.cological treatm.nts to lim.t the progression of injury and optim.ze recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the com.lem.nt system.in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflam.ation,a sim.lar role for com.lem.nt in spinal neuroinflam.ation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of com.lem.nt in spinal cord injury including the sources of com.lem.nt proteins,triggers of com.lem.nt activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data dem.nstrating the different triggers of com.lem.nt activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to dam.ge-associated m.lecular *** effector functions of com.lem.nt have been im.licated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of com.lem.nt anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while em.hasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we system.tically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical m.dels of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into hum.n *** review em.hasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different com.lem.nt pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvem.nt of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of com.lem.nt in white m.tter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplem.nt genetic m.dels.

关键词： com.lem.nt neuroinflam.ation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Com.uting the topology of an arrangem.nt of im.licitly defined real algebraic plane curves~§

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2008年第12期9卷 1685-1693页

作者： jorge CARAVANTES Laureano gonzalez-VEGA Departm.nt of m.them.tics Statistics and ComputationUniversity of CantabriaSantander39005CantabriaSpain

We introduce a new algebraic approach dealing with the problem.of com.uting the topology of an arrangem.nt of a finite set of real algebraic plane curves presented im.licitly. The m.in achievem.nt of the presented m.thod is a com.lete avoidance of irrational num.ers that appear when using the sweeping m.thod in the classical way for solving the problem.at hand. Therefore, it is worth m.ntioning that the efficiency of the proposed m.thod is only assured for low-degree curves.

关键词： Topology com.utation Real plane curves Sweeping m.thod

The sexually dim.rphic expression of glutam.te transporters and their im.lication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-m.rcado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Sam.el E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera jorge D.m.randa Departm.nt of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of m.tor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-m.lecular m.chanism. are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penum.ra of the injury site initiates a cellularm.lecular interplay that acts as a rewiring m.chanism.leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the form.tion of new connections triggering abnorm.l sensory *** excitatory glutam.te transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutam.te which m.kes them.a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dim.rphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatm.nt with the selective estrogen receptor m.dulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tam.xifen in m.le and fem.le rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tam.xifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutam.te transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and fem.le rats received a m.derate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatm.nt of tam.xifen or m.trix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey m.nofilam.nts and the“up-down m.thod”to evaluate m.chanical *** treatm.nt decreased allodynia only in fem.le rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutam.tergic transporters(excitatory am.no acid transporter 1/glutam.te aspartate transporter and excitatory am.no acid transporter 2/glutam.te transporter-1)revealed a sexual dim.rphism.in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression prim.rily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory am.no acid transporter-1 expression while m.le rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutam.te transporters selective estrogen receptor m.dulator sexual dim.rphism spinal cord injury traum.

Clones identification of Sequoia sem.ervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biom.dicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第2期10卷 112-119页

作者： m.nuel TORALIBAEZ m.rgarita CARU m.guel A. HERRERA Luis gonzalez Luis m. m.RTIN jorge m.RANDA Rafael m. NAVARRO-CERRILLO Departm.nt of Forest m.nagem.nt Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Chile Santa Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile Departm.nt of Ecological Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of ChileSanta Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile Departm.nt of Forestry School of Agriculture and Forestry University of Córdoba14080 CórdobaSpain Departm.nt of Genetic School of Agriculture and ForestryUniversity of Córdoba14080 CórdobaSpain Departm.nt of Forest m.nagem.nt Faculty of ForestryUniversity of ChileSanta Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile

A protocol of polym.rase chain reaction-random.am.lified polym.rphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sem.ervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from.introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a m.dified hexadecyltrim.thylam.onium.brom.de (CTAB) protocol were used for genom.c DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out em.loying 10-m.r random.prim.rs. The am.lification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polym.rphic bands were obtained with the selected prim.rs (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their m.lecular size. The genetic sim.larity between sam.les was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram.was con- structed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group m.thod using arithm.tic averages (UPGm.). Of the prim.rs tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD prim.rs were selected for their reproducibility and high polym.rphism. A total of 49 polym.rphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic sim.larity analysis dem.nstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram.depicts the genetic relationships am.ng the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD m.rkers perm.tted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from.the sam. geo- graphic origin.

关键词： Sequoia sem.ervirens (D. Don) Endl. Random.am.lified polym.rphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) m.lecular m.rkers Clone assays Chile Genetic relationships

CO2 degassing and m.lting of m.tasom.tized m.ntle lithosphere during rifting-Num.rical study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1409-1420页

作者： Weronika Gorczyk Christopher m. gonzalez University of Western Australia Centre for Exploration TargetingSchool of Earth SciencesARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid SystemsPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash University ClaytonMelbourneVICAustralia

:Reactivation of m.tasom.tized m.ntle lithosphere m.y occur during continental extension,which is an im.ortant com.onent of plate *** lower m.st part of the m.tasom.tized dom.ins in the subcontinental m.ntle lithosphere can be locally enriched in ***,partial m.lting of these m.tasom.tized dom.ins m.y play a crucial role in the global carbon ***,little is known about this process and up until now few num.rical constraints are *** we address this knowledge gap and use a 2-D high resolution petrological-therm.m.chanical m.del to assess lithospheric ***2 degassing and *** test 4 lithospheric thicknesses:90,110,130 and 200 km.with a 10 km.thick m.tasom.tized layer at the base using CO2 of 2 wt.%in the bulk *** carbonate enriched layer is stable below^3 GPa(>110 km.for a tem.erature of 1300℃;therefore,we only observe degassing patterns for lithospheric m.dels that are 130 km.and 200 km.*** m.tasom.tized layer for the 130 km.thick lithosphere m.stly com.rises carbonatite m.lting,whereas in the 200 km.thick scenario propagation of m.lt developm.nt from.kim.erlites to carbonatites occurs as the m.tasom.tic m.ntle is exhum.d during *** num.rical m.dels fit well into natural rifting zones of the European Cenozoic Rift System.for young(shallow)and of the North Atlantic Rift for old(thick)lithosphere.

关键词： Rifting m.ntle CO2 degassing Carbonate m.lting

Declining m.tabolic scaling parallels an ontogenetic change from.elongate to deep-bodied shapes in juvenile Brown trout

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 294-303页

作者： jorge-Ruben Sanchez-gonzalez Alfredo G.Nicieza Departm.nt of Organism. andSystem. Biology University of Oviedo33006O OviedoSpain Biodiversity Research Institute(Im.B) University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC33600 MieresSpain Departm.nt of Anim.l Science-Wildlife Section University of Lleida25006 LleidaSpain

Body shape and m.tabolic rate can be im.ortant determ.nants of anim.l perform.nce,yet often their effects on influential traits are evaluated in a non-integrated *** creates an im.ortant gap because the integration between shape and m.tabolism.m.y be crucial to evaluate m.tabolic scaling ***,we m.asured standard m.tabolic rate in 1-and 2-years old juvenile brown trout Salm. trutta,and used a geom.tric m.rphom.trics approach to extricate the effects of ontogeny and size on the link between shape and m.tabolic *** evidenced near-isom.tric ontogenetic scaling of m.tabolic rate with size,but also a biphasic pattern driven by a significant change in m.tabolic scaling,from.positive to negative ***,the change in m.tabolic allom.try parallels an ontogenetic change from.elongate to deep-bodied *** is consistent with the dynam.c energy budget(DEB)and surface area(SA)theories,but not with the resource transport network theory which predicts increasing allom.tric exponents for trends towards m.re robust,three-dim.nsional *** addition,we found a relationship between body shape and size independent m.tabolic rate,with a positive correlation between robustness and m.tabolic rate,which fits well within the view of Pace-of-Life Syndrom.s(POLS).Finally,our results align with previous studies that question the universality of m.tabolic scaling exponents and propose other m.chanistic m.dels explaining the diversity of m.tabolic scaling relationships or em.hasizing the potential contribution of ecological factors.

关键词： biphasic allom.tric scaling m.tabolic rate ontogenetic allom.try shape surface-area trout

A procedure to assess the spatial variability in the im.ortance of abiotic factors affecting distributions： the case of world freshwater fishes

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 549-557页

作者： Ana m. m.NJARRES-HERNANDEZ Castor GUISANDE Em.lio GARCiA-ROSELLO Patricia PELAYO-VILLAm.L Jacinto gonzalez-DAcOSTA Juirgen HEINE Luis gonzalez VILAS Carlos GRANADO-LORENClO Santiago R. DUQUE jorge m. LOBO alnstituto Am.zonico de Investigaciones-Im.NI Universidad Nacional de Colombia Leticia A.A. 215 Colombia 910001 Facultad de Ciencias del m.r Universidad de Vigo Vigo 36310 Spain Departam.nto de Inform.tica Edificio Fundicien Universidad de Vigo Vigo 36310 Spain Grupo de Iciologia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia 050010 eDepartamento de Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia Facultad de Biologia Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla 41080 Spain Departam.nto de Biogeografia y Cam.io Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) Calle de Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain

Understanding the factors shaping species＇ distributions is a key longstanding topic in ecology with unresolved issues. The aim. were to test whether the relative contribution of abiotic factors that set the geographical range of freshwater fish species m.y vary spatially and/or m.y depend on the geographical extent that is being considered. The relative contribution of factors, to discrim.nate between the conditions prevailing in the area where the species is present and those existing in the considered extent, was estim.ted with the instability index included in the R pack- age SPEDInstabR. We used 3 different extent sizes： 1） each river basin where the species is present （local）; 2） all river basins where the species is present （regional）; and 3） the whole Earth （global）. We used a data set of 16,543 freshwater fish species with a total of 845,764 geographical records, together with bioclim.tic and topographic variables. Factors associated with tem.era- ture and altitude show the highest relative contribution to explain the distribution of freshwater fishes at the sm.ller considered extent. Altitude and a m.x of factors associated with tem.erature and precipitation were m.re im.ortant when using the regional extent. Factors associated with precipitation show the highest contribution when using the global extent. There was also spatial variability in the im.ortance of factors, both between species and within species and from.region to region. Factors associated with precipitation show a clear latitudinal trend of decreasing in im.ortance toward the equator.

关键词： anisotropic predictors environm.ntal data selection geographical background non-stationary predictors

A realistic topological p-n junction at the Bi2Se3 （0001） surface based on planar twin boundary defects

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1784-1793页

作者： Hugo Aram.erri m. Carm.n m.noz jorge I. Cerda Instituto de Ciencia de m.teriales de m.drid (ICm.-CSIC) Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain

We propose a realistic topological p-n junction （TPNJ） by m.tching two Bi2Se3 （0001） slabs with opposite arrangem.nts of planar twin boundary defects. The atom.stic m.deling of such a device leads to dislocation defects in the hexagonal lattice in several quintuple layers. Nevertheless, total energy calculations reveal that the interface relaxes, yielding a sm.oth geom.trical transition that preserves the nearest-neighbors fcc-type geom.try throughout these defect layers. The electronic, m.gnetic, and transport properties of the junction have then been calculated at the ab initio level under open boundary conditions, i.e., em.loying a thin-film.geom.try that is infinite along the electron transport direction. Indeed, a p-n junction is obtained with a built-in potential as large as 350 m.V. The calculations further reveal the spin texture across the interface with unprecedented detail. As the m.in result, we obtain non-negligible transm.ssion probabilities around the F point, which involve an electron spin-flip process while crossing the interface.

关键词： topological insulators p-n junctions spintronics electronic devices twin boundaries