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Prey-mediated effects of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton on the predatory nontarget bug Orius majusculus(Reuter)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1191-1206页

作者： Anja Boss jorg romeis Michael Meissle Research Division Agroecology and Environment AgroscopeZurichSwitzerland Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernBernSwitzerland

Genetically engineered(GE)cotton,MON 88702,is protected against cer-tain sucking pests,such as plant bugs and thrips,by producing mCry51Aa2,a mod-ified protein from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt).Predatory pirate bugs(Orius spp.),natural enemies contributing to biological pest control,are also sensitive to the insecti-cidal protein when exposed continuously to high *** evaluated effects of MON 88702 on Orius majusculus when fed prey types with different mCry51Aa2 *** neonates were provided exclusively Tetranychus urticae spider mites reared on MON 88702(high mCry51Aa2 content),adverse effects on predator survival and de-velopment were confirmed,compared with specimens fed prey from near-isogenic non-Bt *** fed a mixture of *** and Ephestia kuehniella eggs(mCry51Aa2-free),predator life table parameters were similar to the treatment where eggs were fed *** mCry51Aa2-containing spider mites were provided for a limited time at the beginning or the end of juvenile development,effects were less *** pirate bug nymphs showed similar consumption rates for prey from Bt and non-Bt cotton,choice experiments revealed a preference for *** eggs over spider *** larvae(Spodoptera littoralis,high mCry51Aa2 content)or cotton aphids(Aphis gossypii,mCry51Aa2-free)reared on MON 88702 as alternative prey did not result in adverse ef-fects on *** study suggests limited risk of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton for ***,because its sensitivity for the Bt protein is relatively low and its natural food consists of diverse prey species with varying concentrations of Bt protein.

关键词： ecosystem services environmental risk assessment enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA) genetically modified crops Heteroptera Anthocoridae tritrophic interactions

Tier-1 assays for assessing the toxicity of insecticidal proteins produced by genetically engineered plants to non-target arthropods

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Insect Science 2014年第2期21卷 125-134页

作者： Yun-He Li jorg romeis Kong-Ming Wu Yu-Fa Peng State Key Laboratory for Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Agroscope Reckenholz-Tanikon Research Station ART Zurich Switzerland

In assessing an insect-resistant genetically engineered （IRGE） crop before its commercialization, researchers normally use so-called ＂Tier-1 assays＂ as the initial step to determine the effects of the crop on non-target organisms. In these tests, the insecticidal proteins （IPs） produced by the IRGEs are added to the diets of test organisms in the laboratory. Test organisms in such assays can be directly exposed to much higher concentrations of the test IPs than they would encounter in the field. The results of Tier-1 assays are thus more conservative than those generated in studies in which the organisms are exposed to the IPs by feeding on IRGE plant tissue or in the case of predators or parasites, by feeding on invertebrate prey or hosts that have fed on IRGE plant tissue. In this report, we consider three important factors that must be considered in Tier-1 assays：（i） methods for delivery of the IP to the test organisms; （ii） the need for and selection of compounds used as positive controls; and （iii） methods for monitoring the concentration, stability and bioactivity of the IP during the assay. We also analyze the existing data from Tier-1 assays regarding the toxicity of Bt Cry proteins to non-target arthropod species. The data indicate that the widely used Bt proteins have no direct toxicity to non-target organisms

关键词： artificial diet Cry protein environmental risk assessment ELISA positivecontroll sensitive insect bioassay

Use of a dietary exposure system for screening of insecticidal compounds for their toxicity to the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 667-675页

作者： Zeng-Xia Wang Ke-Jian Lin jorg romeis Yong-Lei Liu Ze-Wen Liu Yun-He Li Yu-Fa Peng State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Agroscope Reckenholz-Tanikon Research Station ART ZurichSwitzerland

We developed a dietary exposure assay for screening insecticidal compounds for their toxicity and for assessing the side effects of insecticidal proteins produced by genetically engineered （GE） plants on the planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. The fitness bioassay confirmed that the diet fulfills the requirements to be used in the dietary exposure system. To validate the efficacy of the dietary exposure system, nymphs of L. striatellus were fed diets treated with different concentrations of an inorganic stomach poison, potassium arsenate （PA）, or a cysteine protease inhibitor, E-64. The results showed that with increasing concentrations of E-64, the larval development time was prolonged, the adult weight was reduced and the survival rate of L. striatellus was decreased. Similarly the survival rates of L. striatellus consistently decreased with increasing PA content in the diet. The data indicate that the dietary exposure assay is able to detect the effects of insecticidal compounds on L. striatellus. Subsequently, this assay was successfully used for assessing the potential toxicity of Cry2Aa. The results showed that L. striatellus larvae were not negatively affected when fed the artificial diet containing purified Cry2Aa at 300 μg/g diet. In the assay, the stability and bioactivity of crystal （Cry） proteins in the food sources were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sensitive-insect bioassays. These results show that L. striatellus is not sensitive to Cry2Aa. We conclude that the dietary exposure system is valid and useful for assessing the toxicity of insecticidal compounds produced by GE plants on planthoppers.

关键词： Cry2Aa E-64 genetically engineered rice potassium arsenate risk assessment

On self-affine tiles that are homeomorphic to a ball

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 45-76页

作者： jorg M.Thuswaldner Shu-Qin Zhang Mathematics and Statistics University of LeobenLeoben 8700Austria School of Mathematics and Statistics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Let M be a 3×3 integer matrix which is expanding in the sense that each of its eigenvalues is greater than 1 in modulus and let D?Z^(3)be a digit set containing|det M|*** the unique nonempty compact set T=T(M,D)defined by the set equation MT=T+D is called an integral self-affine tile if its interior is *** D is of the form D={0,v,...,(|det M|-1)v},we say that T has a collinear digit *** present paper is devoted to the topology of integral self-affine tiles with collinear digit *** particular,we prove that a large class of these tiles is homeomorphic to a closed 3-dimensional ***,we show that in this case,T carries a natural CW complex structure that is defined in terms of the intersections of T with its neighbors in the lattice tiling{T+z:z∈Z^(3)}induced by *** CW complex structure is isomorphic to the CW complex defined by the truncated octahedron.

关键词： self-afine sets tiles and tilings low-dimensional topology truncated octahedron

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘李105井奥陶系乌拉力克组笔石生物地层研究

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地球学报 2024年

作者：王传尚胡勇 jorg Maletz 危凯古生物与地质环境演化湖北省重点实验室中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心长江大学资源与环境学院柏林自由大学地质研究所

本文通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西缘李105井奥陶系乌拉力克组的笔石化石的研究,划分出两个笔石生物带,即Nemagraptus gracilis带和Cilmacograptus bicornis带,其时限为桑比期。根据乌拉力克组的沉积学特征,结合最新的岩相古地理研究进展,认为... 详细信息

本文通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西缘李105井奥陶系乌拉力克组的笔石化石的研究,划分出两个笔石生物带,即Nemagraptus gracilis带和Cilmacograptus bicornis带,其时限为桑比期。根据乌拉力克组的沉积学特征,结合最新的岩相古地理研究进展,认为原乌拉力克组的底界以一套特征的砾屑灰岩为标志欠妥,建议将克里摩里组上段的以黑色含笔石页岩为主的地层划归乌拉力克组,新厘定的乌拉力克组在盆地西缘北部露头区内蒙古乌海桌子山一带至少包含了Pterograptus elegans、Didymograptus murchisoni和Nemagraptus gracilis带等三个笔石带,其时限跨越中奥陶世达瑞威尔期晚期到晚奥陶世桑比期早期。可见,乌拉力克组在鄂尔多斯盆地西缘,其顶、底界线均存在明显的穿时。这一发现不仅为乌拉力克组的时限及其相变穿时提供了准确的生物地层约束,也为这一地区岩相古地理的重建及页岩气勘探有利相带的优选提供了依据。

关键词：鄂尔多斯盆地西缘乌拉力克组笔石带穿时李105井

Disease networks. Uncovering disease-disease relationships through the incomplete interactome

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第4期46卷 199-199页

作者： jorg Menche Center for Complex Networks Research and Department of Physics Northeastern University 110 Forsyth Street 111 Dana Research Center Boston MA 02115 USA. Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA. Center for Network Science Central European University Nador u. 9 1051 Budapest Hungary. Center for Complex Networks Research and Department of Physics Northeastern University 110 Forsyth Street 111 Dana Research Center Boston MA 02115 USA. Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA. Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA. Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur Boston MA 02115 USA. Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street Boston MA 02115 USA. Center for Complex Networks Research and Department of Physics Northeastern University 110 Forsyth Street 111 Dana Research Center Boston MA 02115 USA. Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA. Center for Network Science Central European University Nador u. 9 1051 Budapest Hungary. Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 75 Francis Street Boston MA 02115 USA. alb@neu.edu.

According to the disease module hypothesis,the cellular components associated with a disease segregate in the same neighborhood of the human interactome,the map of biologically relevant molecular ***,given the incompleteness of the interactome and the limited knowledge of disease-associated genes,it is not obvious if the available data have sufficient coverage to map out modules associated with each disease.

关键词： incomplete interactions. networks.

Common interacting genetic variation shapes susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in a Colombian Caribbean community:In search of shared genetic markers

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 106-108页

作者： Gloria Garavito-De Egea Alex Dominguez-Vargas jorg e l.Velez Gustavo Aroca Luis Fagng Elkin Navarro-Quiroz Zilac Espitaleta Kenny Del Toro-Camargo Leticia Martinez-Ariza Tatiana Gonzalez-Vargas Susana Garcia Mauricio Arcos-Burgos Eduardo Egea Universidad del Norte Division Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Universidad Simon Bolivar Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludBarranquillaColombia Clinica de la Costa Grupo de Investigacion en NefrologiaBarranquillaColombia Universidad de Antioquia Grupo de Investigacion en Psiquiatria(GIPSI)Departamento de PsiquiatriaInstituto de Investigaciones MedicasFacultad de MedicinaMedellinColombia

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified hundreds of loci across the human genome conferring susceptibility to autoimmune diseases(AIDs),some of which are shared between more than two ***,this univariate ... 详细信息

关键词： susceptibility diseases diabetes

The influence of micro-climate, snow cover, and soil moisture on ecosystem functioning in high mountains

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2007年第1期17卷 3-19页

作者： jorg LOFFLER Department of Geography University of Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 166 53115 Bonn Germany

The dynamics of water and energy fluxes in the high mountains of central Norway was studied along micro-spatial topographic gradients in different altitudes and regions of the Scandes. Landscape ecological processes like sdow accumulation during winter, snow melting, evaporation, percolation, soil moisture variability and temperature variations were quantified. Combining spatio-temporal data on physical environment functioning and vegetation patterns resulted in a process-oriented characterisation of high mountain ecosystems. Extensive data from long-term measurements were synthesised illustrating the influence of micro-climate, snow cover, and soil moisture on high mountain ecosystem functioning. The results reveal that the micro-climatic impact on the vegetation is predominantly determined by snow cover overlaying soil moisture gradients. Water only becomes superior where near-surface water saturation and flooding occur. A lack of soil moisture availability was not found during any time of the year even under driest site conditions. Contrasting literature, the Norwegian mountain vegetation was found to be interpreted by environmental variable constellations excluding drought stress.

关键词： Landscape ecology mountain research cUmatic change response Norway

Bringing epigenetics into the diagnostics of the andrology laboratory： challenges and perspectives

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 669-674,I0006页

作者： Ruth Klaver jorg Gromoll Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University Clinics of MOnster MOnster Germany

Recent studies have shown significant associations of aberrant DNA methylation in spermatozoa with idiopathic male infertility, increased frequency of spontaneous abortions and imprinting disorders. Thus, the analysis of DNA methylation of specific genes in spermatozoa has the potential to become a new valuable diagnostic marker in clinical andrology. This perspective article discusses the current state and value of DNA methylation analysis in the diagnostic setup of infertile men and outlines challenges and perspectives. It highlights the potential of DNA methylation in andrological diagnostics and its putative benefit in the examination of hitherto idiopathic infertile patients is described.

关键词： DNA methylation male infertility spermatogenesis