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Wheat ear carbon assimilation and nitrogen remobilization contribute significantly to grain yield

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第11期58卷 914-926页

作者： Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolores Serret Abdelhalim Elazab jordi Bort Pie josé Luis Araus Iker Aranjuelo álvaro Sanz-Sáez Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationInstitute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal University Unit of Plant Physiology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Barcelona Agrobiotechnology Institute Public University of Navarra-CSIC-Navarra GovernmentArrosadia Campus Department of Plant Biology University of the Basque Country Pharmacy Faculty

The role of wheat ears as a source of nitrogen （N） and carbon （C） in the grain filling process has barely been studied. To resolve this question, five wheat genotypes were labeled with 15N-enriched nutrient solution. N remobilization and absorption were estimated via the nitrogen isotope composition of total organic matter and Rubisco. Gas exchange analyses showed that ear photosynthesis contributed substantially to grain filling in spite of the great loss of C due to respiration. Of the total kernel N, 64.7% was derived from the N acquired between sowing and anthesis, while the remaining 35.3% was derived from the N acquired between anthesis and maturity. In addition, 1.87 times more N was remobilized to the developing kernel from the ear than from the flag leaf. The higher yielding genotypes showed an increased N remobflization to the kernel compared to the lower yielding genotypes. In addition, the higher yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the ears to the kernel than the lower yielding genotypes, while the lower yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the flag leaf to the kernel. Therefore, the ears contribute significantly toward fulfilling C and N demands during grain filling.

关键词： Carbon accumulation ear grain yield nitrogenaccumulation Rubisco

Contribution of the ear and the flag leaf to grainfilling in durum wheat inferred from the carbon isotope signature: Genotypic and growing conditions effects

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 444-454页

作者： Rut Sanchez-Bragado Abdelhalim Elazab Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolors Serret jordi Bort Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz josé Luis Araus Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA)

The ear, together with the flag leaf, is believed to play a major role as a source of assimilates during grain filling in C3cereals. However, the intrusive nature of most of the available methodologies prevents reaching conclusive results in this regard. This study compares the carbon isotope composition（d13C） in its natural abundance in the water‐soluble fractions of the flag leaf blade and the ear with the d13C of mature kernels to assess the relative contribution of both organs to grain filling in durum wheat（Triticum turgidum L. ***）. The relative contribution of the ear was higher in landraces compared to modern cultivars, as well as in response to nitrogen fertilization and water stress. Such genotypic and environmentally driven differences were associated with changes in harvest index（HI）, with the relative contribution of the ear being negatively associated with HI. In the case of the genotypic differences, the lower relative contribution of the ear in modern cultivars compared with landraces is probably associated with the appearance in the former of a certain amount of source limitation driven by a higher HI. In fact, the relative contribution of the ear was far more responsive to changes in HI in modern cultivars compared with landraces.

关键词： Carbon isotope discrimination ear flag leaf grain filling harvest index photosynthesis

Physiological traits contributed to the recent increase in yield potential of winter wheat from Henan Province, China

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 492-504页

作者： Bangwei Zhou álvaro Sanz-Sáez Abdelhalim Elazab Tianmin Shen Rut Sánchez-Bragado jordi Bort Maria Dolors Serret josé Luis Araus Unit of Plant Physiology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Henan Tianmin Seed Company Lankao County Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

This experiment aims to test the traits responsible for the increase in yield potential of winter wheat released in Henan Province, China. Seven established cultivars released in the last 20 years and three advanced lines were assayed. The results showed that grain yield was positively correlated with harvest index（HI）, kernel number per square meter, and aboveground biomass. In addition, the HI and aboveground biomass showed an increasing trend with the year of ***, we can conclude that bread wheat breeding advances during recent decades in Henan Province, China,have been achieved through an increase in HI, kernel number per square meter, and aboveground biomass. A higher d13C seems also to be involved in these advances, which suggests a progressive improvement in constitutive water use efficiency not associated with a trend towards lower stomatal conductance in the most recent genotypes. However, genetic advance Researchdoes not appear related to changes in photosynthesis rates on area basis when measured in the flag leaf or the spike,but only to a higher, whole‐spike photosynthesis. Results also indirectly support the concept that under potential yield conditions, the spike contributed more than the flag leaf to kernel formation.

关键词： Carbon isotopes grain yield net carbon exchange nitrogen content yield potential

Forest use suitability:Towards decision-making-oriented sustainable management of forest ecosystem services

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 414-427页

作者： Goran Krsnik Keith MReynolds Philip Murphy Steve Paplanus jordi Garcia-Gonzalo joséRamón González Olabarria Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia(CTFC) Ctra Sant Llorençde Morunyskm 2Solson1Lleida 25280Spain US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research3200 SW Jefferson WayCorvallisOR 97331USA InfoHarvest Inc.SeattleWA 98165USA Mountain View Business Group 428 Flying Orchid DrSan MarcosTX 78666USA Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO Ctra Sant Llorençde Morunyskm 2Solson1Lleida 25280Spain

Management of forest lands considering multi-functional approaches is the basis to sustain or enhance the provi-sion of specific benefits,while minimizing negative impacts to the *** a desired management itinerary to a forest depends on a variety of factors,including the forest type,its ecological characteristics,and the social and economic needs of local communities.A strategic assessment of the forest use suitability(FUS)(namely productive,protective,conservation-oriented,social and multi-functional)at regional level,based on the provision of forest ecosystem services and trade-offs between FUS alternatives,can be used to develop management strategies that are tailored to the specific needs and conditions of the *** present study assesses the provision of multiple forest ecosystem services and employs a decision model to identify the FUS that sup-ports the most present and productive ecosystem services in each stand in *** this purpose,we apply the latest version of the Ecosystem Management Decision Support(EMDS)system,a spatially oriented decision support system that provides accurate results for multi-criteria *** evaluate 32 metrics and 12 as-sociated ecosystem services indicators to represent the spatial reality of the *** to the results,the dominant primary use suitability is social,followed by protective and ***,final assignment of uses is not straightforward and requires an exhaustive analysis of trade-offs between all alternative options,in many cases identifying flexible outcomes,and increasing the representativeness of multi-functional *** assignment of forest use suitability aims to significantly improve the definition of the most adequate management strategy to be applied.

关键词： Forest ecosystem services Decision making Forest use suitability Multi-objective management Geospatial analysis

Fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction problems:Intrusive,avoidance and hyperarousal stress as key mediators

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第8期12卷 1088-1101页

作者： Raquel Falcó Verónica Vidal-Arenas jordi Ortet-Walker Juan C Marzo joséA Piqueras PSICO-RECURSOS COVID-19 Study Group Department of Health Psychology and Center for Applied Psychology Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202AlicanteSpain Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Universitat Jaume ICastellóde la Plana 12071CastellónSpain

BACKGROUND There is mounting empirical evidence of the detrimental effects of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak on mental *** research has underscored the effects of similar destabilizing situations such as war,natural disasters or other pandemics on acute stress levels which have been shown to exacerbate current and future psychopathological *** To explore the role of acute stress responses(intrusive,avoidance and hyperarousal)as mediators in the association between fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction-related problems:Depression,agoraphobia,panic,obsessivecompulsive,generalized anxiety,social anxiety and health anxiety *** A sample of 439 participants from a university community in Spain(age:mean±SD:36.64±13.37;73.1%females)completed several measures assessing their fear of COVID-19,acute stress responses and emotional dysfunction syndromes through an online *** collection was carried out from the start of home confinement in Spain until May 4,2020,coinciding with initial de-escalation *** of the dataset included descriptive and frequency analyses,Mann-Whitney U Test of intergroup comparisons and path analysis for direct and indirect *** is an observational,descriptive-correlational and crosssectional *** The prevalence of clinical symptoms in our sample,reported since the beginning of the pandemic,reached 31.44%.The female group presented higher scores although the effect size was ***,the participants who exceeded the clinical cut-off points in emotional problems showed higher levels of fear of COVID-19 and of cognitive,motor and psychophysiological responses of acute stress,unlike the group with normative *** addition,the results show significant mediated effects of hyperarousal stress among fear of COVID-19 and emotional dysfunction ***,the clinical syndromes most related to the consequences of the pandemic(e.g.,social contact avoi

关键词： Fear of COVID-19 Acute stress Emotional dysfunction Psychophysiological activation Mediated effects

Improving outcomes in pancreatic cancer: Key points in perioperative management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14237-14245页

作者： josé M álamo Luis M Marín Gonzalo Suarez Carmen Bernal Juan Serrano Lydia Barrera Miguel A Gómez jordi Muntané Francisco J Padillo Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREH o Ciberehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ 28029 Madrid Spain Francisco J Padillo Department of General Surgery Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla 41013 Seville Spain

This review focused in the perioperative management of patients with pancreatic cancer in order to improve the outcome of the disease. We consider that the most controversial points in pancreatic cancer management are jaundice management, vascular resection and neo-adjuvant therapy. Preoperative biliary drainage is recommended only in patients with severe jaundice, as it can lead to infectious cholangitis, pancreatitis and delay in resection, which can lead to tumor progression. The development of a phase III clinical trial is mandatory to clarify the role of neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Venous resection does not adversely affect postoperative mortality and morbidity, therefore, the need for venous resection should not be a contraindication to surgical resection in selected patients. The data on arterial resection alone, or combined with vascular resection at the time of pancreatectomy are more heterogeneous, thus, patient age and comorbidity should be evaluated before a decision on operability is made. In patients undergoing R0 resection, arterial resection can also be performed.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Obstructive jaundice Preoperative drainage Neo-adjuvant therapy Vascular resection

Effect of Ni particle size on the production of renewable methane from CO_(2) over Ni/CeO_(2) catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第10期30卷 602-611,I0015页

作者： Lili Lin Clifford A.Gerlak Chang Liu jordi Llorca Siyu Yao Ning Rui Feng Zhang Zongyuan Liu Sen Zhang Kaixi Deng Christopher B.Murray josé A.Rodriguez Sanjaya D.Senanayake Chemistry Division Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Institute of Industrial Catalysis State Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry Synthesis TechnologyCollege of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014ZhejiangChina Department of Chemistry University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22904USA Institute of Energy Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaEEBEEduard Maristany 10-1408019 BarcelonaSpain Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina Chemistry Department State University of New YorkStony BrookNYUSA Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science&Engineering University of Pennsylvania231 South 34th Street394PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Production of’renewable Methane’has attracted renewed research interest as a fundamental probe reaction and process for CO_(2)utilization through potential use in Cl fuel production and even for future space exploration ***_(2)methanation is a structure sensitive reaction on Ni/CeO_(2)*** precisely elucidate the size effect of the Ni metal center on the CO_(2)methanation performance,we prepared2%Ni/CeO_(2)catalysts with pre-synthesized uniform Ni particles(2,4 and 8 nm)on a high surface area CeO_(2)*** electron microscopy(TEM)and ambient pressure X-ray photo spectroscopy(AP-XPS)characterization have confirmed that the catalyst structure and chemical state was uniform and stable under reaction *** 8 nm sized catalyst showed superior methanation selectivity over the 4 and 2 nm counterparts,and the methanation activity in term of TOF is 10 times and 70 times higher than for the 4 and 2 nm counterparts,*** DRIFTS studies revealed that the larger Ni(8 nm particles)over CeO_(2)efficiently facilitated the hydrogenation of the surface formate intermediates,which is proposed as the rate determining step accounting for the excellent CO_(2)methanation performance.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Particle size effect Ni/CeO_(2) In situ DRIFTS Mechanism investigation

Powder metallurgy with space holder for porous titanium implants:A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第17期76卷 129-149页

作者： Alejandra Rodriguez-Contreras Miquel Punset joséA.Calero Francisco Javier Gil Elisa Ruperez joséMaría Manero Biomaterials Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group(BBT)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC)Av.Edurad Maristany 1608019BarcelonaSpain Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering Technical University of Catalonia(UPC)Av.Eduard Maristany 10-1408019BarcelonaSpain UPC Innovation and Technology Center(CIT-UPC).Technical University of Catalonia(UPC) C.Jordi Girona 3-108034Barcelona.Spain AMES GROUP SA.Carretera Nacional 340 Pol.Ind."Les Fallulles"08620Sant Vicenc dels HortsBarcelonaSpain Bioengineering Institute for Technology Universitat Intemacional de Catalunyac/Josep Trueta s/n08195BarcelonaSpain

One of the biggest challenges in the biocompatibility of implantable metals is the prevention of the stress shielding effect,which is related to the coupling of the bone-metal mechanical *** stress shielding phenomenon provokes bone resorption and the consequent adverse effects on prosthesis ***,it can be inhibited by adapting the stiffness of the implant *** the use of titanium(Ti)porous structures is a great alternative not only to inhibit this effect but also to improve the osteointegration of orthopedic and dental implants,a brief description of the techniques used for their manufacturing and a review of the current commercialized implants produced from porous Ti assemblies are compiled in this *** powder metallurgy(PM)with space holder(SH)is a powerful technology used to produce porous Ti structures,it is here discussed its potential for the fabrication of medical devices from the perspectives of both design and *** most important parameters of the technique such as the size and shape of the initial metallic particles,the SH and binder type of materials,the compaction pressure of the green form,and in the sintering stage,the temperature,atmosphere,and time are reviewed according to the bibliography ***,the importance of the porosity and its types together with the influence of the mentioned parameters in the final porosity and,consequently,in the ultimate mechanical properties of the structure are ***,a few examples of the PM-SH application for the manufacturing of orthopedic implants are presented.

关键词： Powder metallurgy Space holder method Porous titanium structures Medical devices Stress shielding effect Porous materials permeability Interconnected porosity Porous bone substitute materials Open-cell titanium foams Sintering-dissolution technique

Crop phenotyping in a context of global change:What to measure and how to do it

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第2期64卷 592-618页

作者： jose Luis Araus Shawn Carlisle Kefauver Omar Vergara-Díaz Adrian Gracia-Romero Fatima Zahra Rezzouk Joel Segarra Maria Luisa Buchaillot Melissa Chang-Espino Thomas Vatter Rut Sanchez-Bragado joséArmando Fernandez-Gallego Maria Dolores Serret jordi Bort Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group Plant Physiology SectionFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain AGROTECNIO Center LleidaSpain Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Lab ITQB NovaPlant Sciences DivisionOeirasPortugal Programa de Ingeniería Electrónica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de IbaguéIbaguéColombia

High-throughput crop phenotyping,particularly under field conditions,is nowadays perceived as a key factor limiting crop genetic *** not only facilitates conventional breeding,but it is necessary to fully exploit the capabilities of molecular breeding,and it can be exploited to predict breeding targets for the years ahead at the regional level through more advanced simulation models and decision support *** terms of phenotyping,it is necessary to determined which selection traits are relevant in each situation,and which phenotyping tools/methods are available to assess such *** sensing methodologies are currently the most popular approaches,even when lab-based analyses are still relevant in many *** top of that,data processing and automation,together with machine learning/deep learning are contributing to the wide range of applications for *** review addresses spectral and red-green-blue sensing as the most popular remote sensing approaches,alongside stable isotope composition as an example of a lab-based tool,and root phenotyping,which represents one of the frontiers for field ***,we consider the two most promising forms of aerial platforms(unmanned aerial vehicle and satellites)and some of the emerging data-processing *** review includes three Boxes that examine specific case studies.

关键词： crop phenotyping deep learning models photosynthesis platforms remote sensing roots satellites sensors stable isotopes