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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第2期7卷 334-344页

作者： Sung Ho Park sang joon lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang790-784South Korea

With the rapid increase in the demand for lithium as an energy-critical element,the recovery of Li+ions from seawater is a worldwide challenging ***,we propose a new facile and fast selective recovery approach of Li+using an Al^(3+)-crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAm)/alginate(Alg)(PNP/Alg(Al)) *** in situ TEM images indicate that Alg-Al^(3+)coordination is reorganized via the rearrangement of PNIPAAm and Alg networks,as the temperature *** reorganization eventually leads to the formation of polycrystalline *** in situ FTIR results exhibit that PNP/Alg(Al) composite has peculiar phase transitions,which includes a retrogressive phase change from hydrophobic to *** synergetic effect of the strong repulsion force of Al^(3+) ions and the attractive force of negatively charged polymeric chains enables the efficient adsorption of Li+ions with a low affinity from Li-spiked seawater.7.3% of Li+ions are recovered from Li-spiked seawater although the concentration of Li-spiked seawater is very *** addition,Li+ions can be extracted from PNP/Alg(Al) composite with the use of a small thermal *** proposed thermoresponsive IPN gel provides a strong potential in practical applications for Li+recovery as an innovative energy-material strategy.

关键词： structure seawater lithium

Adhesion and Suction Functions of the Tip Region of a Nectar-drinking Butterfly Proboscis

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第4期14卷 600-606页

作者： Seung Chul lee Jun Ho Kim sang joon lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Gyeongbuk Republic of Korea Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 37673 Gyeongbuk Republic of Korea

In this study, we investigated the dynamic functions of the tip region of the butterfly proboscis through which liquid is sucked during liquid feeding. The microstructures and flow patterns in the tip region of the proboscis were in vivo analyzed. The tip region can be divided into two functional sections： namely adhesion and suction sections. The liquid adheres to the adhesion section during liquid suction. Although the tip region has numerous slits connected to food canal of the proboscis, liquid is mainly sucked through the suction section, which section is submerged in the fluid pulled by the adhesion section and then successfully imbibes liquid. To check the dynamic functions of the tip region, we fabricated a suction tip model having adhesion and suction parts. The in vitro model experiments show that the hydrophilicity of the adhesion part and the existence of the suction inlet improve the liquid uptake driven by a suction pump. This study may provide insights for the biomimetic design of nectar-feeding butterflies.

关键词： butterfly proboscis nectar-feeding strategy suction

Dynamic observation of dendrite growth on lithium metal anode during battery charging/discharging cycles

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 960-972页

作者： Hae Gon lee Se Young Kim joon sang lee Next Generation Battery Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute(KERI)12Jeongiui-gilSeongsan-guChangwon-siGyeongsangnam-do51543Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul03722Republic of Korea

Lithium metal is considered one of the most promising anode materials for application in next-generation ***,despite decades of research,practical application of lithium metal batteries has not yet been achieved because the fundamental interfacial mechanism of lithium dendrite growth is not yet fully *** this study,a series of reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was performed to investigate the electrochemical dynamic reactions at the electrode/electrolyte *** allows quantitative characterization of morphological phenomena and real-time interfacial visualization of the dynamic growth of dead lithium and dendrites during repeated *** computational protocol was utilized to investigate the dendrite mitigation mechanism when an electrolyte additive (hydrogen fluoride) is dissolved in an organic ethylene carbonate (EC) electrolyte *** was confirmed that beneficial decomposition reactions between electrolyte components form a protective film on the anode surface,suppressing large interphase volume changes and unnecessary degradation reactions.

关键词： battery lithium electrolyte

Prediction of NFT Sale Price Fluctuations on OpenSea Using Machine Learning Approaches

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 2443-2459页

作者： Zixiong Wang Qiuying Chen sang-joon lee Interdisciplinary Program of Digital Future Convergence Service Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea

The rapid expansion of the non-fungible token(NFT)market has attracted many ***,studies on the NFT price fluctuations have been relatively *** date,the machine learning approach has not been used to demonstrate a specific error in NFT sale price fluctuation *** aim of this study was to develop a prediction model for NFT price fluctuations using the NFT trading information obtained from OpenSea,the world’s largest NFT *** used Python programs to collect data and summarized them as:NFT information,collection information,and related account *** and Random Forest(RF)algorithms were employed to predict the sale price and price fluctuation of NFTs using regression and classification models,*** found that the NFT related account information,especially the number of favorites and activity status of creators,confer a good predictive power to both the *** in the regression model had more accurate predictions,the root mean square error(RMSE)in predicting NFT sale price was *** predicting NFT sale price fluctuations,RF performed better,which the area under the curve(AUC)reached *** suggest that investors should pay more attention to the information of NFT *** anticipate that these prediction models will reduce the number of investment failures for the investors.

关键词： NFT sale price fluctuation OpenSea AdaBoost Random forest

A metallic anti-biofouling surface with a hierarchical topography containing nanostructures on curved micro-riblets

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第1期8卷 83-96页

作者： Taekyung Kim Sunmok Kwon Jeehyeon lee joon sang lee Shinill Kang National Center for Optically-assisted high precision Mechanical Systems Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea

Metallic surface finishes have been used in the anti-biofouling,but it is very difficult to produce surfaces with hierarchically ordered *** the present study,anti-biofouling metallic surfaces with nanostructures superimposed on curved micro-riblets were produced via top-down *** to the attachment theory,these surfaces feature few attachment points for organisms,the nanostructures prevent the attachment of bacteria and algal zoospores,while the micro-riblets prohibit the settlement of *** oxidation was performed to induce *** forms a hydration layer on the surface,which physically blocks foulant adsorption along with the anti-biofouling *** characterized the surfaces via scanning electron and atomic force microscopy,contact-angle measurement,and wear-resistance *** contact angle of the hierarchical structures was less than 1°.Laboratory settlement assays verified that bacterial attachment was dramatically reduced by the nanostructures and/or the hydration layer,attributable to *** micro-riblets prohibited the settlement of *** 77 days of static immersion in the sea during summer,the metallic surface showed significantly less biofouling compared to a surface painted with an anticorrosive coating.

关键词： Anti-biofouling Superhydrophilic Hierarchical topography Metallic engineered surface Nanoimprinting,static immersion test,field trials

Reverse Analysis Method and Process for Improving Malware Detection Based on XAI Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 4485-4502页

作者： Ki-Pyoung Ma Dong-Ju Ryu sang-joon lee Security Team Doosan Corp.Seoul04563Republic of Korea Btress Corp. Hanam-SiGyeonggi-Do12902Republic of Korea School of Business Administration Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea

With the advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)technology,attackers are increasingly using sophisticated techniques,including *** Detection&Response(EDR)is a system that detects and responds to strange activities or security threats occurring on computers or endpoint devices within an *** traditional antivirus software,EDR is more about responding to a threat after it has already occurred than blocking *** study aims to overcome challenges in security control,such as increased log size,emerging security threats,and technical demands faced by control *** studies have focused on AI detection models,emphasizing detection rates and model ***,the underlying reasons behind the detection results were often insufficiently understood,leading to varying outcomes based on the learning ***,the presence of both structured or unstructured logs,the growth in new security threats,and increasing technical disparities among control staff members pose further challenges for effective security *** study proposed to improve the problems of the existing EDR system and overcome the limitations of security *** study analyzed data during the preprocessing stage to identify potential threat factors that influence the detection process and its ***,eleven commonly-used machine learning(ML)models for malware detection in XAI were tested,with the five models showing the highest performance selected for further *** AI(XAI)techniques are employed to assess the impact of preprocessing on the learning process *** ensure objectivity and versatility in the analysis,five widely recognized datasets were ***,eleven commonly-used machine learning models for malware detection in XAI were tested with the five models showing the highest performance selected for further *** results indicate that eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)model outperformed

关键词： Endpoint detection&response(EDR) explainable AI(XAI) SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP) reverse XAI machine learning(ML)

View Types and Visual Communication Cues for Remote Collaboration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4363-4379页

作者： Seungwon Kim Weidong Huang Chi-Min Oh Gun lee Mark Billinghurst sang-joon lee AI Convergence College Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea University of Technology Sydney Sydney2007Australia SafeMotion Gwangju61011Korea School of ITMS University of South AustraliaAdelaide5001Australia Interdisciplinary Program of Digital Future Convergence Service Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea

Over the last several years,remote collaboration has been getting more attention in the research community because of the COVID-19 *** previous studies,researchers have investigated the effect of adding visual communication cues or shared views in collaboration,but there has not been any previous study exploring the influence between *** this paper,we investigate the influence of view types on the use of visual communication *** compared the use of the three visual cues(hand gesture,a pointer with hand gesture,and sketches with hand gesture)across two view types(dependent and independent views),*** conducted a user study,and the results showed that hand gesture and sketches with the hand gesture cueswerewell matchedwith the dependent viewcondition,and using a pointer with the hand gesture cue was suited to the independent view *** the dependent view,the hand gesture and sketch cues required less mental effort for collaborative communication,had better usability,provided better message understanding,and increased feeling of co-presence compared to the independent *** the dependent view supported the same viewpoint between the remote expert and a local worker,the local worker could easily understand the remote expert’s hand *** contrast,in the independent view case,when they had different viewpoints,it was not easy for the local worker to understand the remote expert’s hand *** sketch cue had a benefit of showing the final position and orientation of the manipulating objects with the dependent view,but this benefit was less obvious in the independent view case(which provided a further view compared to the dependent view)because precise drawing in the sketches was difficult from a *** the contrary,a pointer with the hand gesture cue required less mental effort to collaborate,had better usability,provided better message understanding,and an increased feeling of co-presence in the independent view con

关键词： Mixed reality remote collaboration

Delayed-onset endophthalmitis associated with Achromobacter species developed in acute form several months after cataract surgery:Three case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第19期10卷 6496-6500页

作者： Tae-Hoon Kim sang-joon lee Ki-Yup Nam Department of Ophthalmology Kosin University HospitalBusan 49267South Korea Department of Ophthalmology Kosin UniversityCollege of MedicineBusan 49267South Korea Department of Ophthalmology Chungnam National UniveristyCollege of MedicineDaejeon 35015South Korea Department of Ophthalmology Chungnam National University Sejong HospitalSejong 30099South Korea

BACKGROUND Achromobacter species-associated endophthalmitis is rare and may present as either acute or chronic postoperative ***-onset Achromobacter species endophthalmitis appearing in acute presentation that develops more than several months after cataract surgery is very *** lens(IOL)removal is commonly recommended to treat Achromobacter species endophthalmitis,which is based on previous ***,we report the results of surgery without IOL removal when treating patients with delayed-onset postoperative Achromobacter species endophthalmitis that developed in an acute *** SUMMARY Three patients visited our ophthalmology clinic due to visual impairment that began 2-3 d *** had undergone cataract surgery 5-18 mo *** visual acuity of the diseased eye was between counting fingers at 30 cm to non-light *** showed conjunctival injection,inflammation in the anterior chamber(cell reaction 4+)and hypopyon *** patients were diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis and immediately underwent pars plana vitrectomy,anterior chamber irrigation and intravitreal injection of ceftazidime and *** fluid infusion,a vitreous specimen was obtained. In all cases, the IOLs were not removed. Achromobacter species was detected on vitreousspecimen culture. After surgery, the vitreous opacity decreased gradually and there was littleretinal damage. At 1 mo after treatment, the best-corrected visual acuity had improved to 20/50and 20/*** onset postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Achromobacter species can appear in anacute form. All patients responded well to early vitrectomy and administration of empiricalantibiotics including ceftazidime. There was no need for IOL removal during surgery.

关键词： Achromobacter species Chronic endophthalmitis Postoperative endophthalmitis Case report

GRU-based Buzzer Ensemble for Abnormal Detection in Industrial Control Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1749-1763页

作者： Hyo-Seok Kim Chang-Gyoon Lim sang-joon lee Yong-Min Kim Interdisciplinary Program of Information Security Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Major in Computer Engineering Chonnam National UniversityYeosu59626Korea School of Business Administration Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Department of Electronic Commerce Chonnam National UniversityYeosu59626Korea

Recently,Industrial Control Systems(ICSs)have been changing from a closed environment to an open environment because of the expansion of digital transformation,smart factories,and Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT).Since security accidents that occur in ICSs can cause national confusion and human casualties,research on detecting abnormalities by using normal operation data learning is being actively *** single technique proposed by existing studies does not detect abnormalities well or provide satisfactory *** this paper,we propose a GRU-based Buzzer Ensemble for AbnormalDetection(GBE-AD)model for detecting anomalies in industrial control systems to ensure rapid response and process *** newly proposed ensemble model of the buzzer method resolves False Negatives(FNs)by complementing the limited range that can be detected in a single model because of the internal models composing *** the internal models remain suppressed for False Positives(FPs),GBE-AD provides better *** addition,we generated mean prediction error data in GBE-AD and inferred abnormal processes using soft and hard *** confirmed that the detection model’s Time-series Aware Precision(TaP)suppressed FPs at 97.67%.The final performance was 94.04%in an experiment using anHIL-basedAugmented ICS(HAI)Security Dataset(ver.21.03)among public datasets.

关键词： Industrial control system abnormal detection ensemble learning HAI dataset

Deep Learning for Multivariate Prediction of Building Energy Performance of Residential Buildings

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5947-5964页

作者： Ibrahim Aliyu Tai-Won Um sang-joon lee Chang Gyoon Lim Jinsul Kim Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Graduate School of Data Science Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Digital Future Convergence Service Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Department of Computer Engineering Chonnam National UniversityYeosu59626Korea

In the quest to minimize energy waste,the energy performance of buildings(EPB)has been a focus because building appliances,such as heating,ventilation,and air conditioning,consume the highest ***,effective design and planning for estimating heating load(HL)and cooling load(CL)for energy saving have become *** this vein,efforts have been made to predict the HL and CL using a univariate ***,this approach necessitates two models for learning HL and CL,requiring more computational ***,the one-dimensional(1D)convolutional neural network(CNN)has gained popularity due to its nominal computa-tional complexity,high performance,and low-cost hardware *** this paper,we formulate the prediction as a multivariate regression problem in which the HL and CL are simultaneously predicted using the 1D *** the building shape characteristics,one kernel size is adopted to create the receptive fields of the 1D CNN to extract the feature maps,a dense layer to interpret the maps,and an output layer with two neurons to predict the two real-valued responses,HL and *** the 1D data are not affected by excessive parameters,the pooling layer is not applied in this ***,the use of pooling has been questioned by recent *** performance of the proposed model displays a comparative advantage over existing models in terms of the mean squared error(MSE).Thus,the proposed model is effective for EPB prediction because it reduces computational time and significantly lowers the MSE.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI) convolutional neural network(CNN) cooling load deep learning energy energy load energy building performance heating load prediction